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1. Gazi A Rahman Nahid
Student ID: 120537
4th year, 1st term
Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline
Khulna University

2.  Cellulose
 Some Terminology
 Formation of cellulose
 Structure of cellulose
 Properties of cellulose
 Use of cellulose
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

3.  𝜷,1-4, D-Anhydro-glucopyranose units
 Liner homopolymer of Glucose
 Polysaccharide
 Molecular formula (C6H10O5 )n.
 Carbohydrate, composed of
Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen
Discovered in 1838 by a
French chemist.
“Anselm Payen”
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

4.  Naturally occurring, most abundant organic substance
ever
 Main structural component of the cell wall
 Reinforcing material in wood
 Most promising carbon sequestering device
 The purest form is cotton fiber (about 98%)
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

5. Glucose
 Simple Monosaccharide
 Pyranosic structure
 Hexose ( 6 carbon), also aldose( -CHO)
 Molecular formula is C6H12O6
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

6. Pyranosic Structure of
Glucose (C6H12O6)
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

7. Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU
Pyranose
Any cyclic isomer, has a five carbons and one oxygen in a ring
of six atoms
Cellobiose
Cellobiose consists of two glucose molecules linked by a
β(1→4) bond

8. 
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU
6
1
23
4 1
23
4
5 5
H2
O
O
H2
O
O
O O
1,4 D Glycopyranosic bond
𝜷,1-4, D-Anhydroglucopyranose units linked by (1,4)-glycosidic bonds
Cellulose synthase enzyme

9. Molecular Structure
 Crystal Structure
 Fibrillar Structure
 Capillary Structure
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

10.  Unbranched chained polymer
 High molecular composition
 DP is 8000-10000
 Distance between C-C and C-O is 1.9 to 2.1 A°
(1A° = 10 -10 m)
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

11. Molecules can crystallize into different polymorphic
forms.
Only first four are of textile interest.
Length of cellulose crystal is 10.3 A°
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

12. Individual cellulose molecules are linked together to
form an elementary fibril.
Dimensions: about 4nm wide, 3 nm thick and 10nm
long.
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

13. Capillary pores are opened up on exposure of solvent.
Diameter ranges from 20nm to 10 micron.
Surface area approximately 200sq.cm per gram for cotton
fibre.
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

14. Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

15. Crystalline region: Intra and Inter molecular bonding is so
strong. Do not absorb much moisture
Amorphous region: Bonding is week. Absorb too much
moisture
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

16. Appearance : Whitish in color
 Density : 1.5 g/cm3
 Melting point : 260–270 °C; 500–518 °F;
533–543 K to decompose
Std enthalpy of formation : −963 KJ/mol
 Std enthalpy of combustion : −2828 KJ/mol
 Solubility in water : None
 Moisture absorption : 8-14% moisture, very slowly
Reacts with strong base
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

17.  Cotton: composed of 87 -90% cellulose with the cotton fibers
containing polymer chains
 Pharmaceuticals: Medicines are derived from plants cellulose,
cellulose acetate etc.
 Cellophane: Can be obtained when a viscous cellulose reacts with
acid (sulfuric acid)
 Bomb: Cellulose trinitrate is used as a propellant for bullets due the
fact that nitrate –OH group can be explosive
 Energy Drinks: Glucuronolacton, vitamins, and carbohydrates
 Industrial Sugar, biofuel production, using oil production,
ester production
Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

18. Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

19. Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU

20. Gazi A Rahman Nahid (120537),FWT, KU