Zeigler Natta catalyst is an important class of chemical compounds remarfot their ability to effect the polymerization of olefin to polymers of high molecular weights and streoregular structures. It was developed by German SCientist Karl Zeigler and Itanlian scientist Giulio Natta and they received the 1963 Nobel prize in chemistry. It's a combination of organimetallics which consists of a complex Triethyl aluminum an transition metal halide(Titanium tetrachloride ) which analysis polymerization. Other transition metal such as Vanadium,Zirconium,Chromium, have also proven effective.

1. Presentation on Advanced organic
chemistry-II(MPC202T)
TOPIC-ZEIGLER-NATTA CATALYST
Presented to
Dr. Pratap Chandra Acharya
HOD, DEPT. OF PHARMACY
TRIPURA UNIVERSITY(A CENTRAL UNIVERSITY)
PRESENTED BY
TAPAS MAJUMDER
ENROLLMENT NO-2106240007
M.PHARAMACY(2ND SEM)
DEPT. OF PHARMACY
TRIPURA UNIVERSITY(A CENTRAL
UNIVERSITY)
1

2. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. MECHANISM
3. APPLICATION
4. REFERENCES
2

3. INTRODUCTION:-
 Zeigler Natta catalyst is an important class of mixtures of chemical compounds remarkable for their
ability to effect the polymerization of olefins (hydrocarbons containing a double c-c bond) to polymers
of high molecular weights and stereoregular structures.
 It was developed by German scientist Karl Ziegler and Italian scientist Giulio Natta and they received
the 1963 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
 It is a combination of organometallics which consists of a complex of Triethyl aluminium(Et3Al)and
transition metal halides -Titanium tetrachloride (Ticl4) which catalyses polymerization. Other transition
metal such as Vanadium(V), Zirconium (Zr), Chromium(Cr) have also proven effective.
Tl
–
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Titanium Tetrachloride
Al
CH2
C
H3
CH2 CH2
CH3
C
H3
Triethyl- aluminium 3

4. 4
Tl
–
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
+
Al
CH2
C
H3
CH2 CH2
CH3
C
H3
Ti
3–
Cl
Cl
Cl
Al
CH2
empty orbital
CH2
CH3
CH2
C
H3
C
H3
Cl
Titanium
Tetrachloride
Triethyl- aluminium
Zeigler Natta catalyst
nCH2=CH2
Ethene
-(CH2-CH2)n-
Polythene
Zeigler Natta catalyst
Z-
N CATALYST
10atm, 100°C
Polypropylene
-(CH-CH2-CH-CH2)-n
CH3 CH3
n(CH3-CH=CH2)
Propylene
n(CH2=C-CH=CH2)
Isoprene
CH3
Z-
N CATALYST
100°C, 10 atm
-(CH2-C=CH-CH2)-n
Cis-1,4-polyisoprene(Rubber)
CH3
(Trialkyl- alluminium complex)

5. Mechanism:-
5

6. Application:-
 Synthesis of Synthetic rubber
Neoprene is a synthetic rubber made by polymerizing 2- chloro-1,3-butadiene in the presence of Zeigler- Natta
catalyst that causes all the double bonds in the polymer to have the trans configuration .
Neoprene is used to make shoe soles, tires, hoses and coated fabrics.
 In the preparation of Stereo regular polymers
It produces linear polymers without branching and gives stereoregular ( isotactic and syndiotactic )polymers which are
more dense(HDPE), crystalline , higher melting point and mechanically strong.
Example- Polypropylene obtained by the use of Z-N catalyst is extensively used for the preparation pf sheets, pipes,
synthetic fibers , domestic articles for everyday use.
Isotactic polymers- In isotactic polymers are composed of isotactic macromolecules. In isotactic macromolecules all
the substituents are located on the same side of the macromolecular backbone .
Note- Titanium gives Isotactic polymers.
6
C
H2
C CH CH2
Cl
C
H3
C
Cl
CH
CH2
CH2
C
CH
CH2
CH3
Cl
n
Z-
N CATALYST
2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene(Chloroprene)
Neoprene

7. 7
Syndiotactic polymers:-In syndiotactic macromolecules the substituents have the alternate position along the
chain. Example- polystyrene, Gutta percha(used as a material to fill the tooth after a root canal procedure).
Note- Vanadium gives syndiotactic polymer.
 Ethylene- propylene copolymer also called ethylene-propylene rubber ,a class of synthetic rubber which is a
good Elastomer(Elastic polymer). In addition to elastic properties, ethylene-propylene copolymers display
excellent resistance to electricity, heat, oxidation ,Ozone and the weather . They are made into products for use
in automotive engines, electrical wiring and construction.
 Limitations of Zeigler Natta polymerization:-
We can not make poly(vinyl chloride)also known as PVC by this polymerization. When catalyst and co-catalyst
come together to form the initiating complex , radicals are produced during the intermediate steps of the reaction
which can initiate free radical polymerization of the vinyl chloride monomer.

8. References
 https://youtu.be/Z7AD0HgDtm4
 https://youtu.be/SBqmQ9yuiqQ
 https://youtu.be/pZyDm1wAoQ4
 https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-268298b7ac5098c7bc7f697388c9a0a3.webp
 https://www.britannica.com/science/Ziegler-Natta-catalyst
 https://pslc.ws/macrog/ziegler.htm
 https://byjus.com/chemistry/ziegler-natta-
catalyst/#:~:text=The%20Ziegler%2DNatta%20catalyst%20polymerisation,High%20and%20Low%2DDensity%
20Polyethylene
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacticity
 https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Ziegler%E2%80%93Natta-Catalysts-
Chadwick/709eac4dfaf2d13f998f566b063c6f61b9218f34
 https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Map%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(Smith)/24%3A_Syn
thetic_Polymers/24.04%3A_ZieglerNatta_Catalysts_and_Polymer_Stereochemistry
 https://www.homeworklib.com/question/1272849/6-write-chemical-reactions-for-a-generalized
 https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_%28Inorga
nic_Chemistry%29/Catalysis/Catalyst_Examples/Olefin_Polymerization_with_Ziegler-Natta_Catalyst 8

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