Cellularorganelles
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Cells are the smallest units of life and are considered living organisms themselves. They contain organelles that perform specific functions, analogous to organs in the human body. The cell membrane acts as a selective barrier around the cell, controlling what enters and leaves.
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Cellularorganelleslrms
Cells are the smallest units of life and are made up of organelles that perform specific functions. The cell membrane acts as a selective barrier around the cell, controlling what enters and exits. Within the cell, the nucleus contains genetic material and directs cell activities, while other organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, and lysosomes perform essential functions like producing energy, photosynthesis, and breaking down waste.
Animal analogies ws version
The organelles of animal cells are compared to parts of a country through analogies. The cell membrane is like the country's border patrol as it regulates what enters and exits the cell. The cytoplasm supports other systems in the cell and allows transportation, similar to how land and roads support a country. Mitochondria produce energy for the cell to use, just like power plants. The nucleus controls the whole cell, analogous to a country's government. The nuclear membrane protects the nucleus, comparable to how the White House protects the president.
1 p5 cells 191110
All living things are made of cells, which are the basic building blocks of life. Animal cells contain a nucleus that controls cell activities, cytoplasm for chemical reactions, and a cell membrane that regulates what enters and exits. Plant cells have these parts as well as a cell wall, vacuoles for storage, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. While animal and plant cells share key components like the nucleus and cytoplasm, plant cells differ in having a cell wall, vacuoles, and chloroplasts.
Animal Cell comparison book
The document compares different organelles in animal cells to things in countries. It describes mitochondria as the cell's power plant, the cell membrane as security, cytoplasm as the people, the nucleus as the president, centrioles as factories, the endoplasmic reticulum as airplanes, chromosomes as a family business, the nuclear membrane as gates, the nucleolus as the government, ribosomes as a cement factory, the vacuole as jail, the Golgi body as the mail system, and the lysosome as the internet. Each comparison explains how the organelle and country thing are analogous in the functions they serve.
Cells
The document provides information about cell structure and function. It discusses that (1) the cell is the basic unit of life, (2) all living things are made of cells, and (3) cells come from pre-existing cells. It then describes the structures and organelles found within plant and animal cells, including the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, cell membrane, and more. Key cellular processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration are also summarized. The document aims to educate about the basic anatomy and roles of cells.
Animal and Plant cells
Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The document discusses the structures and organelles of animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria. It also provides instructions on how to safely prepare microscope slides to view and compare animal and plant cells under a light microscope.
The cell is like a school
The nucleus controls the cell like an office, the nucleolus makes ribosomes like a principal, and chromosomes pass information from parent to offspring like teachers pass knowledge to students. The cell membrane gives shape like walls, cytoplasm allows chemical reactions like a chemistry room, and vacuoles store food and minerals like a cafeteria while mitochondria produce energy from food breakdown like a gym.
Plant animal cells ppt
The document compares and contrasts the structures and functions of plant and animal cells. Both plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleoplasm, and nucleolus. Unique to plant cells are cell walls, chloroplasts, and vacuoles that store food, water and chemicals. Animal cells contain lysosomes as garbage cans and lack cell walls. The structures work together to carry out the basic functions needed to keep the cell alive such as transport, energy production, waste removal and protein synthesis.
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Cellularorganelleslrms
Cells are the smallest units of life and are made up of organelles that perform specific functions. The cell membrane acts as a selective barrier around the cell, controlling what enters and exits. Within the cell, the nucleus contains genetic material and directs cell activities, while other organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, and lysosomes perform essential functions like producing energy, photosynthesis, and breaking down waste.
Animal analogies ws version
The organelles of animal cells are compared to parts of a country through analogies. The cell membrane is like the country's border patrol as it regulates what enters and exits the cell. The cytoplasm supports other systems in the cell and allows transportation, similar to how land and roads support a country. Mitochondria produce energy for the cell to use, just like power plants. The nucleus controls the whole cell, analogous to a country's government. The nuclear membrane protects the nucleus, comparable to how the White House protects the president.
1 p5 cells 191110
All living things are made of cells, which are the basic building blocks of life. Animal cells contain a nucleus that controls cell activities, cytoplasm for chemical reactions, and a cell membrane that regulates what enters and exits. Plant cells have these parts as well as a cell wall, vacuoles for storage, and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. While animal and plant cells share key components like the nucleus and cytoplasm, plant cells differ in having a cell wall, vacuoles, and chloroplasts.
Animal Cell comparison book
The document compares different organelles in animal cells to things in countries. It describes mitochondria as the cell's power plant, the cell membrane as security, cytoplasm as the people, the nucleus as the president, centrioles as factories, the endoplasmic reticulum as airplanes, chromosomes as a family business, the nuclear membrane as gates, the nucleolus as the government, ribosomes as a cement factory, the vacuole as jail, the Golgi body as the mail system, and the lysosome as the internet. Each comparison explains how the organelle and country thing are analogous in the functions they serve.
Cells
The document provides information about cell structure and function. It discusses that (1) the cell is the basic unit of life, (2) all living things are made of cells, and (3) cells come from pre-existing cells. It then describes the structures and organelles found within plant and animal cells, including the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, cell membrane, and more. Key cellular processes like photosynthesis and cellular respiration are also summarized. The document aims to educate about the basic anatomy and roles of cells.
Animal and Plant cells
Cells are the basic unit of all living things. The document discusses the structures and organelles of animal and plant cells, including the cell membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria. It also provides instructions on how to safely prepare microscope slides to view and compare animal and plant cells under a light microscope.
The cell is like a school
The nucleus controls the cell like an office, the nucleolus makes ribosomes like a principal, and chromosomes pass information from parent to offspring like teachers pass knowledge to students. The cell membrane gives shape like walls, cytoplasm allows chemical reactions like a chemistry room, and vacuoles store food and minerals like a cafeteria while mitochondria produce energy from food breakdown like a gym.
Plant animal cells ppt
The document compares and contrasts the structures and functions of plant and animal cells. Both plant and animal cells contain a cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleoplasm, and nucleolus. Unique to plant cells are cell walls, chloroplasts, and vacuoles that store food, water and chemicals. Animal cells contain lysosomes as garbage cans and lack cell walls. The structures work together to carry out the basic functions needed to keep the cell alive such as transport, energy production, waste removal and protein synthesis.
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This document provides an overview of cellular structure and function. It discusses how Hooke and Leeuwenhoek were the first to observe cells under microscopes in the 1700s. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life and can only come from preexisting cells. The document then covers prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures, cellular transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, and cellular components such as the plasma membrane and organelles.
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Plant and animal cells both contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus. The key differences are that plant cells also contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, which allow them to perform photosynthesis using chlorophyll. The cell wall provides plant cells with structure and rigidity, while chloroplasts contain chlorophyll to store solar energy through photosynthesis.
Cells and their organelles.
The document discusses the main organelles found within plant and animal cells, including the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, cell membrane, and cell wall. It notes that cells have internal organs called organelles and compares the structures of plant and animal cells. Bibliographic references are provided for additional information on cell structures and organelles.
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Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. They contain organelles that allow specific functions like protein production, energy generation, waste digestion, and more. The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides structure and protection. Plant and animal cells differ in their additional structures - plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not have cell walls.
The Cell
This is the report I made I uploaded it because i thought
it could be of help to those people who are looking for a simpler Fun Power Point...
it's coverages are
The cell history
the cell theory
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
it doesnt have the cell structure
because my classmate
didnt gave me his report
and this is like introduction of the cell
:)
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The document discusses the parts and functions of cells as well as levels of organization. It lists the major cell organelles including the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi bodies, vacuoles, and lysosomes. It provides brief descriptions of the functions of each organelle, such as the cell wall providing structure, the cell membrane acting as a filter, the nucleus controlling the cell, mitochondria providing energy, and chloroplasts facilitating photosynthesis. It also notes the five levels of organization from simplest to most complex as: atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues/organs/organ systems.
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Cells
This document provides information about the structures and functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. It notes that animal cells may contain vacuoles for storage, Golgi bodies that receive and send materials, mitochondria for energy production, and a nucleus that directs cell activities. Plant cells are described as having an endoplasmic reticulum that transports materials, a large central vacuole, a rigid cell wall surrounding the membrane, and chloroplasts that capture sunlight for photosynthesis. The document also defines several cellular transport processes and other terms.
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Cell organelles have specialized functions within cells. The nucleus contains DNA and controls the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum transports proteins and detoxifies toxins, and mitochondria produce energy through respiration. Other organelles like chloroplasts, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the cell membrane have important roles in photosynthesis, digestion, storage, and boundary definition.
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is a cellular organelle found in eukaryotic cells that processes and packages proteins and lipids. It consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, and functions to modify, label, and sort macromolecules that will be used within the cell or secreted. The Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum containing macromolecules, modifies and packages them into transport vesicles, and directs the vesicles to their correct destinations, such as the cell membrane. Some of its key roles include secretion, membrane modification, synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and production of lysosomes and the cell wall.
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This document provides information about the structures and organelles found within eukaryotic cells. It discusses the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not. It then describes the various organelles found in eukaryotic cells and their functions, including the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, vacuoles, and lysosomes. The document concludes by assigning homework to create a drawing of a eukaryotic cell using objects to represent each organelle's job.
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The document discusses cells, which are the basic unit of structure in living things. It outlines cell theory, which states that all living things are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells come from preexisting cells. The main parts of a cell are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Organelles in the cell like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum help carry out life processes.
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Animalandplantcells 110913101915-phpapp02
All living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life. Plant and animal cells share some similarities but also have differences. Both contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, a nuclear membrane, and a nucleus. However, plant cells also contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, which allow them to perform photosynthesis to store energy from the sun. Animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts.
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There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic cells which lack membrane-bound organelles and eukaryotic cells which contain organelles enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells can be either animal or plant cells. Both contain organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. However, plant cells also contain chloroplasts and have a cell wall and central vacuole, while animal cells do not have these structures. The organelles work together to carry out essential functions like DNA storage, protein production, photosynthesis, and transport within the cell.
Types of Cells
The document discusses the history and types of cells. It notes that cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in the 17th century using microscopes. There are two main types of cells - eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus and organelles, and prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include both animal and plant cells, while prokaryotic cells include bacteria and cyanobacteria. The document provides details on the distinguishing characteristics of each type of cell.
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This document outlines a lesson plan on cellular structures of plant and animal cells. The objectives are to identify cellular structures, discuss differences between plant and animal cells, and explain the importance of cells. The lesson includes motivational activities, discussions of cellular organelles, and an analysis of which structures are present in plant cells, animal cells, or both. Students will label diagrams and define related terms in their assignments.
Cell is the Basic Unit of Life
The word cell is derived from the Latin word “cellula” which means “a little room”
It was the British botanist Robert Hooke who, in 1664, while examining a slice of bottle cork under a microscope, found its structure resembling the box-like living quarters of the monks in a monastery, and coined the word “cells”
Golgi body
The Golgi complex is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for processing and packaging macromolecules like proteins and lipids. It consists of stacks of flattened sacs called cisternae that contain enzymes to modify macromolecules as they pass through. Macromolecules enter the cis face of the Golgi from the endoplasmic reticulum and exit the trans face packaged into vesicles destined for their final destinations within or outside the cell. The Golgi complex is thus essential for the cell's secretory functions.
04 lecture presentation
The document provides information about cells and their structures. It discusses the history of cell discovery and the cell theory. It describes the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Key structures of plant and animal cells are outlined such as organelles, membranes, nuclei, and ribosomes. The roles of these structures in genetic control and protein production are summarized. The interconnection of membranous organelles that form the endomembrane system is also covered.
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The document discusses the key characteristics of cells. It explains that cells were first discovered after the invention of the microscope in the 1600s. It then discusses early scientists like Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Matthias Schleiden, and Theodor Schwann and their contributions to cell discovery and the formulation of the cell theory. The cell theory states that all organisms are made up of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from preexisting cells. The document also outlines the basic components of cells like the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and genetic material.
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Plant and animal cells both contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles like mitochondria and a nucleus. The key differences are that plant cells also contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, which allow them to perform photosynthesis using chlorophyll. The cell wall provides plant cells with structure and rigidity, while chloroplasts contain chlorophyll to store solar energy through photosynthesis.
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The document discusses the main organelles found within plant and animal cells, including the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, cell membrane, and cell wall. It notes that cells have internal organs called organelles and compares the structures of plant and animal cells. Bibliographic references are provided for additional information on cell structures and organelles.
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Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things. They contain organelles that allow specific functions like protein production, energy generation, waste digestion, and more. The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides structure and protection. Plant and animal cells differ in their additional structures - plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not have cell walls.
The Cell
This is the report I made I uploaded it because i thought
it could be of help to those people who are looking for a simpler Fun Power Point...
it's coverages are
The cell history
the cell theory
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
it doesnt have the cell structure
because my classmate
didnt gave me his report
and this is like introduction of the cell
:)
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The document discusses the parts and functions of cells as well as levels of organization. It lists the major cell organelles including the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi bodies, vacuoles, and lysosomes. It provides brief descriptions of the functions of each organelle, such as the cell wall providing structure, the cell membrane acting as a filter, the nucleus controlling the cell, mitochondria providing energy, and chloroplasts facilitating photosynthesis. It also notes the five levels of organization from simplest to most complex as: atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues/organs/organ systems.
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This document discusses cellular structure and function. It begins by outlining the law of biogenesis and defining cells as the smallest living units that make up living things. It then discusses the discovery of cells by early scientists like Hooke and the development of the cell theory by Schwann, Schleiden, and Virchow. The principles of cell theory are that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells. The document then describes the characteristics of cells, including membranes, organelles, DNA, and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It provides details on specific cell organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi
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This document provides information about the structures and functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. It notes that animal cells may contain vacuoles for storage, Golgi bodies that receive and send materials, mitochondria for energy production, and a nucleus that directs cell activities. Plant cells are described as having an endoplasmic reticulum that transports materials, a large central vacuole, a rigid cell wall surrounding the membrane, and chloroplasts that capture sunlight for photosynthesis. The document also defines several cellular transport processes and other terms.
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Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus is a cellular organelle found in eukaryotic cells that processes and packages proteins and lipids. It consists of a series of flattened sacs called cisternae, and functions to modify, label, and sort macromolecules that will be used within the cell or secreted. The Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum containing macromolecules, modifies and packages them into transport vesicles, and directs the vesicles to their correct destinations, such as the cell membrane. Some of its key roles include secretion, membrane modification, synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, and production of lysosomes and the cell wall.
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The document summarizes key aspects of golgi bodies and vacuoles. It describes how golgi bodies were first discovered by Camilo Golgi and function to store, modify, and package products in vesicles. Vacuoles contain cell sap to provide turgidity and rigidity, and contain substances like amino acids, sugars, water, and minerals. Vacuoles vary in size between plant and animal cells.
Common types of cells
This document describes different types of cells found in the human body. It discusses epithelial tissue, which covers surfaces and lines body cavities. The main types of epithelial tissue are squamous, columnar, cuboidal, pseudostratified columnar, and transitional epithelium. It also describes connective tissue such as fibroblasts, adipose tissue, and muscle fibers. Finally, it lists different immune/inflammatory cells like polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and macrophages.
Animalandplantcells 110913101915-phpapp02
All living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life. Plant and animal cells share some similarities but also have differences. Both contain a cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, a nuclear membrane, and a nucleus. However, plant cells also contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, which allow them to perform photosynthesis to store energy from the sun. Animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts.
Cells and their organelles
There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic cells which lack membrane-bound organelles and eukaryotic cells which contain organelles enclosed in membranes. Eukaryotic cells can be either animal or plant cells. Both contain organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. However, plant cells also contain chloroplasts and have a cell wall and central vacuole, while animal cells do not have these structures. The organelles work together to carry out essential functions like DNA storage, protein production, photosynthesis, and transport within the cell.
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The document discusses the history and types of cells. It notes that cells were first discovered by Robert Hooke in the 17th century using microscopes. There are two main types of cells - eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus and organelles, and prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells include both animal and plant cells, while prokaryotic cells include bacteria and cyanobacteria. The document provides details on the distinguishing characteristics of each type of cell.
Animal and plant cell ok
This document outlines a lesson plan on cellular structures of plant and animal cells. The objectives are to identify cellular structures, discuss differences between plant and animal cells, and explain the importance of cells. The lesson includes motivational activities, discussions of cellular organelles, and an analysis of which structures are present in plant cells, animal cells, or both. Students will label diagrams and define related terms in their assignments.
Cell is the Basic Unit of Life
The word cell is derived from the Latin word “cellula” which means “a little room”
It was the British botanist Robert Hooke who, in 1664, while examining a slice of bottle cork under a microscope, found its structure resembling the box-like living quarters of the monks in a monastery, and coined the word “cells”
Golgi body
The Golgi complex is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for processing and packaging macromolecules like proteins and lipids. It consists of stacks of flattened sacs called cisternae that contain enzymes to modify macromolecules as they pass through. Macromolecules enter the cis face of the Golgi from the endoplasmic reticulum and exit the trans face packaged into vesicles destined for their final destinations within or outside the cell. The Golgi complex is thus essential for the cell's secretory functions.
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The document discusses the key characteristics of cells. It explains that cells were first discovered after the invention of the microscope in the 1600s. It then discusses early scientists like Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Matthias Schleiden, and Theodor Schwann and their contributions to cell discovery and the formulation of the cell theory. The cell theory states that all organisms are made up of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from preexisting cells. The document also outlines the basic components of cells like the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and genetic material.
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The document summarizes the structure and function of organelles found within eukaryotic cells. It describes the cytoplasm and cytosol as well as various membrane-bound organelles including mitochondria, ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, cilia and flagella, the nucleus, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and the cytoskeleton. It also mentions cell walls, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and their respective functions in cellular structure and processes.
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The document discusses the structure and functions of cells. It begins by summarizing the discovery of cells in the 17th century by Robert Hooke and the development of the cell theory in the 19th century. It then defines the cell as the basic unit of life and discusses variations in cell number, shape, and size between organisms. The main parts of the cell are then described in detail, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and various organelles. Key differences between plant and animal cells are also highlighted.
System of a cell
The document describes the key organelles and structures found within plant and animal cells, including the cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, and cytoplasm. Each structure has a specific function, such as the cell membrane controlling movement in and out of the cell, chloroplasts producing food for plant cells, and the nucleus controlling cell processes.
Presentation fundamental unit_of_life_class10 _biology
The document discusses the fundamental unit of life, the cell. It states that cells are the basic structural and functional units that make up all living organisms. Cells can exist as single-celled unicellular organisms or many-celled multicellular organisms. All cells contain basic structures like a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Organelles like the cell wall, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum allow cells to carry out specialized functions and processes.
Inside the celll
The cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, and are often called the "building blocks of life". The study of cells is called cell biology.
Cell structure and function
1. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
2. Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells which are usually single-celled bacteria and eukaryotic cells which can be single-celled or multicellular.
3. Cells contain organelles that carry out specific functions and are surrounded by a cell membrane. The nucleus houses DNA in eukaryotic cells.
Cellular Presentation
The document summarizes key aspects of cell structure and function. It describes the main components of plant and animal cells, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, vacuoles, Golgi bodies, and lysosomes. It contrasts plant and animal cells, noting plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while animal cells have centrioles. The document also distinguishes between single-celled and multicellular organisms, and introduces microscopy and the cell theory.
Powerpoint for Grade Seven Science Second Quarter
This document provides information about the structures and functions of plant and animal cells. It discusses the key components of cells according to the cell theory, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, vacuoles, and lysosomes. It notes that plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplasts, which allow them to perform photosynthesis, while animal cells contain centrioles involved in cell reproduction. The document aims to differentiate plant and animal cells by describing the presence or absence of certain organelles in each type of cell.
the fundamental unit of life
A cell is the fundamental unit of life that can carry out all functions necessary for living independently. Cells come in various shapes and sizes, from microscopic to large like an ostrich egg. A cell is enclosed by a plasma membrane and contains a cytoplasm with many cell organelles. Key organelles include the nucleus that houses DNA, mitochondria that power the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum for transport, Golgi complex for packaging, lysosomes for digestion, plastids like chloroplasts for photosynthesis in plants, and vacuoles for storage. Cells are classified as prokaryotic without a nucleus or eukaryotic with a membrane-bound nucleus.
Cell Organelles
The document describes the main cell organelles found in eukaryotic cells, including their structures and functions. It notes that the nucleus is the control center that contains DNA, the cell membrane forms the boundary, and the endoplasmic reticulum transports proteins and lipids. Other organelles mentioned are ribosomes for protein synthesis, Golgi apparatus for packaging molecules, mitochondria for energy production, chloroplasts for photosynthesis in plants, vacuoles for storage, and centrioles aiding cell division.
Cell biology
The document provides an overview of cell biology, including the history and development of cell theory. It discusses key discoveries such as Hooke observing cells in 1665 and van Leuwenhoek observing single-celled organisms in 1673. The three main components of cell theory developed between 1838-1858 - that all organisms are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells come from preexisting cells. The document also describes characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, examples of major cell structures like the nucleus and mitochondria, and differences between plant and animal cells.
Cell As A System Analysis
Cell As A System Analysis
The document compares the jobs of cells in the body to a supermarket, with the CEO as the nucleolus controlling jobs and directing people. Cells in the body work like employees in a supermarket or factory, doing similar jobs to keep things running smoothly or keep the body alive. Viewing cells this way provides insight into how their coordinated functions sustain life.
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Cell (The function and structural unit of life) Class-8th
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Presentation fundamental unit_of_life_class10 _biology
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Introduction to Biotechnology
This document contains definitions and information about genetic engineering, DNA fingerprinting, clones, and the human genome from various websites. It defines genetic engineering as changes made to DNA to change an organism, DNA fingerprinting as the analysis of DNA samples to identify individuals, clones as identical copies of an organism, and the human genome as the total number of genes found in humans, which is estimated to be between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. The document provides short explanations and cites multiple online sources for each term.
Unit 10 lesson 2 notes
Gregor Mendel studied heredity by cross-fertilizing pea plants that were purple or white. In the first generation (F1), all plants were purple, showing that purple is dominant over white. When he allowed the F1 plants to self-fertilize, the second generation (F2) resulted in 3 purple plants and 1 white plant. Mendel concluded that each trait is determined by two alleles, one from each parent, and that dominance explains the phenotypes expressed. He represented alleles with letters, like P for purple and p for white, and used terms like homozygous and heterozygous to describe genetic makeup.
Adaptations
Animals can change over time through adaptations that help them survive in their environments. Adaptations include physical traits like claws, beaks, or camouflage that assist with tasks like hunting, defense, and avoiding predation. Some examples of adaptations are long claws for catching prey, short claws for burrowing, specialized beaks for feeding, overproduction of offspring to ensure some survive, and mimicry or camouflage to avoid danger. Adaptations are important for animals to thrive in their habitats.
Darwin, Evolution, & Natural Selection (Intro)
Charles Darwin observed various plants and animals during his voyage on the HMS Beagle. On the Galapagos Islands, he noticed that marine iguanas had adaptations for swimming while land iguanas had adaptations for climbing trees. He also saw that different species of finches had beaks adapted to their specific food sources. This led Darwin to conclude that natural selection results in organisms becoming perfectly adapted to their environments over generations, and to develop his theory of evolution.
Punnett Square Intro
The document describes how a Punnett square is used to determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a cross between pea plants. It notes that there are two alleles that determine height in pea plants: the Tall (T) allele which is dominant, and the Short (t) allele which is recessive. The Punnett square shows that if one parent is homozygous tall (TT) and the other is heterozygous (Tt), the offspring will all be tall (TT or Tt genotypes).
DNA to RNA to Proteins: Part II
The document summarizes how proteins are made from DNA through RNA. It explains that messenger RNA (mRNA) copies instructions from DNA in the nucleus and leaves to combine with ribosomes and transfer RNA (tRNA). The ribosome reads the mRNA message and matches it to tRNAs carrying amino acids. Through repetitive binding of tRNAs, amino acids are linked together into a protein chain. Once the entire mRNA message is read, the protein is released.
DNA to RNA to Proteins
This document describes how DNA instructions are transferred out of the cell nucleus to make proteins. Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies the DNA instructions and is allowed to leave the nucleus to deliver the message to the cell. The DNA unzips and mRNA makes a complementary copy, but uses uracil instead of thymine to pair with adenine. The mRNA can now leave the nucleus and transmit the protein production instructions to the cell.
Cell Theory
The Cell Theory states that (1) all living things are made of cells, (2) cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and (3) all cells come from other cells. This theory was developed from the scientific discoveries of several scientists between 1663-1855, including Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, who observed that plants and animals are made of cells and that cells reproduce through dividing.
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Cellularorganelles
- 1. Cells are the smallest units of life. That means individual cells are alive. http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 2. Although cells are microscopic (really small), you can think of them as being their own living organism. http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 3. Amoeba Paramecium oberlin.k12.oh.us Here are three examples of organisms that are only made of ONE cell S910.photobucket.com Euglena simpletoremember.com
- 4. thinkstockphotos.com In the same way that humans are made up of organs (heart, lungs, kidneys) cells are made up of organelles (nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome s). http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 5. The cell membrane is present around ALL cells. The cell membrane allows only certain substances to enter and leave (gateway) http://goo.gl/lFWYN The cell membrane is like a fence – it lets some things in and keeps some things out.
- 6. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like material in which the parts of the cell constantly move. The cytoplasm is the area outside the nucleus in which the organelles “float” around. http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 7. The nucleus controls all of the functions of the cell (control center). http://goo.gl/lFWYN The nucleus is like the “brain” of the cell.
- 8. The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus. The nuclear membrane allows substances to enter and leave the nucleus. http://goo.gl/lFWYN The nuclear membrane is like awindow screen – lets air in and keeps bugs out.
- 9. Chromosomes contain the instructions for all cell activities (located in the nucleus). Chromosomes direct cell activities (made of DNA). http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 10. Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" of cells. Mitochondria produce most of the energy of a cell. http://goo.gl/lFWYN The mitochondria are like the engines of a car.
- 11. Ribosomes are tiny structures in the cytoplasm where proteins are made (the little dark specks). http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 12. The golgi body packages and moves proteins outside the cell. http://goo.gl/lFWYN The golgi body is like the post office – receives, packages, and ships mail.
- 13. The endoplasmic reticulum is like a series of "tunnels" that transport materials through the cytoplasm. http://goo.gl/lFWYN
- 14. Vacuoles (mostly found in plant cells) store water and nutrients for the cell. http://goo.gl/lFWYN A vacuole is like a pantry or refrigerator – a place to store water and nutrients.
- 15. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down food particles and waste. http://goo.gl/lFWYN