The document summarizes key cellular organelles and their functions: - The nucleus is the control center of the cell containing genetic material and creating ribosomes. - The cytoplasm fills the cell volume and is where chemical reactions occur, suspending organelles. - The endoplasmic reticulum processes and metabolizes proteins and fats, with ribosomes on the rough ER. - Mitochondria are the powerhouses generating energy through cellular respiration. - Lysosomes dissolve molecules and degrade old cell structures. - Chloroplasts trap light energy through photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates in plants.

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6. • Basically the “boss”
of the cell
• Control center of the
cell
• Contains the
nucleolus and the
genetic material
• Creates ribosomes.

7. • Manages cell shape
• Anchors organelles in
their place

8. • Fills the volume of
the cell
• Where intracellular
chemical reactions
occur
• Where organelles are
suspended

9. • ROUGH ER
• Site for processing of
proteins.
• Has ribosomes on it,
making it look
“rough”

10. • SMOOTH ER
• Metabolizes fats and
steroid hormones

11. • Site for protein
synthesis

12. • Powerhouse of the
cell
• Site for cellular
respiration

13. • Dissolve molecules,
break old and
damaged cell
structures

14. • Packaging center and
delivery system of
the cell

16. Light energy is
trapped by
chlorophyll and is
processed with
CO2 and H2O to
form
carbohydrates.
Animals
eat plants.
The animals
are eaten
by other
animals.

17. Input Process Output
Sunlight, H2O,
and chlorophyll
Light dependent
reaction inside
the thylakoid
O2, ATP, NADPH
ATP, NADPH, and
CO2
Light
independent
reactions in the
stroma
PGAL, sucrose,
starch, and
other organic
molecules.

18. Input Process Output
Glucose (6-Carbon), ATP Glycolysis in the cytoplasm 2 pyruvate acid molecules,
2 NAD+, and 4 ATP (2 per
pyruvate)
H from NADH, Pyruvate(3-
Carbon)
Anaerobic
respiration/fermentation
Lactic acid, ethanol, NAD+,
ATP
Pyruvate, NAD+ Krebs cycle CO2, 2-Carbon fragment, 1
ATP (per pyruvate), NADH
NADH Electron Transport Chain 34-36 ATP