7. In 1665, Robert Hooke used an early
compound microscope to look at a
thin slice of cork, a plant material.
While looking at cork, Hooke
observed box-shaped structures,
which he called “cells”
14. The nucleus contains
nearly all the cell’s DNA
and with it the coded
instructions for making
proteins and other
important molecules.
15.
16. Cytoplasm Functions
•The cytoplasm functions to support
and suspend organelles and cellular
molecules.
•Many cellular processes also occur in
the cytoplasm, such as protein
synthesis, the first stage of cellular
respiration (known
as glycolysis), mitosis, and meiosis.
•The cytoplasm helps to move
materials, such as hormones, around
the cell and also dissolves cellular
waste.
Cytoplasm consists of all of
the contents outside of
the nucleus. It is clear in color
and has a gel-like appearance.
17. The cell membrane is a thin
biological membrane that
separates the interior of cells from
the outside space and protects the
cells from the surrounding
environment.
The cell membrane, therefore,
has two key functions:
1. To be a barrier keeping the
constituents of the cells in and
unwanted substances/toxics out.
2. To be a gate allowing the
transportation of essential
nutrients into the cells and waste
products out of the cells
18. A cell wall is a fairly rigid
layer surrounding a cell
located outside of the
plasma membrane that
provides additional support
and protection against
mechanical and osmotic
stress.
The cell wall provides
strength and structural
support to the cell, and
can control to some extent
what types and
concentrations of
molecules enter and leave
the cell.
20. Vacuoles serves
as the storage
inside the cell
Some cells contain saclike
structures called vacuoles
that store materials such
as water, salts, proteins,
and carbohydrates.
21. A ribosome functions as a
micro-machine for making
proteins. Ribosomes are
composed of special
proteins and nucleic acids.
It contains ribonucleic acid
or RNA and specific
proteins within the
cytoplasm
22. Lysosome contain chemicals
that digest wastes or break
down lipids, carbohydrates,
and proteins into small
molecules that can be used
by the rest of the cell and
break up larger molecules
into smaller molecules
23. It is a large network of tubes and is like
maze or folds just like the roadways, it is
where lipid components of the cell
membrane are assembled. Also, it carries
proteins to different part of the cell
* Rough ER is abundant in cells that
produce large amounts of protein for
export.
* Smooth ER on the other hand contains
collections of enzymes that perform
specialized tasks, such as synthesis of
membrane lipids and detoxification of
drugs
24. The Golgi apparatus modifies,
sorts, and packages proteins
and other materials from
endoplasmic reticulum for
storage in the cell or secretion
outside the cell
25. Chloroplast can be seen
only in the plant cell
because chloroplasts
contain a green pigment
that traps sunlight and
converts it into sugars by
process called
photosynthesis
CHLOROPLAST
26. Centriole play a role in
organizing microtubules that
as the cell's skeletal system is a
barrel-shaped organelle which
lives normally within the
centrosome
• Centriole serve as the cell’s
skeletal system
• Centrioles play a role in
organizing microtubules
27. What do is the difference between plant cell and animal cell?
The difference between animal and plant
cell is their shape. Plant cell shape is fixed
while in animal cell, it is irregular. Also,
plant cell have chloroplast, cell wall, a
large vacuoles while animal cell don’t.
Another one is the centriole that is present
in animal cell while plant cell don’t have
28. What are the three basic components of the cell?
NUCLEUS CYTOPLASM CELL MEMBRANE
29. What cell structure is found in plant cell but not
in the animal cell?
CHLOROPLAST
LARGE
VACUOLE
CELL WALL
30. The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are?
SMOOTH E.R ROUGH E.R
31.
32.
33. In a short bond paper, draw a
cell analogy and label its part
you think have the same
function on the plant and
animal cell.
