STR DNA profiling is now a powerful, inexpensive tool that can generate unique DNA signatures that can be used to authenticate cell lines and detect contamination of more than one cell type. This presentation will talk about why scientists need cell authentication, what is STR profile and STR profile workflow from Creative Bioarray.
The differences between a cow and a monkey are clear. It is easy to tell a moth from a mosquito. So why are there still scientific studies that mix them up? The answer is simple: hundreds of cell lines stored and used by modern laboratories have been wrongly identified. Some pig cells are labelled as coming from a chicken; cell lines advertised as human have been shown to contain material from hamsters, rats, mice and monkeys. Problems have already been found with more than 400 cell lines. (Cited from Nature 520 (2015)).
An increasing number of scientific publications (i.e. Nature journals) are now sistematically asking for cell line authentication at the moment of paper submission. To help researchers to meet this requirement, UAT is starting to offer a new service for human cell line authentication.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/support/resazurin-cell-viability-assay.htm
Resazurin cell viability assay is a simple, rapid, reliable, sensitive, safe and cost-effective measurement of cell viability.
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
The human genome is full of repeated DNA sequences which come in various sizes and are classified according to the length of the core repeat units, the number of contiguous repeat units, and/or the overall length of the repeat region. DNA regions with short repeat units (usually 2-6 bp in length) are called Short Tandem Repeats (STR).
The differences between a cow and a monkey are clear. It is easy to tell a moth from a mosquito. So why are there still scientific studies that mix them up? The answer is simple: hundreds of cell lines stored and used by modern laboratories have been wrongly identified. Some pig cells are labelled as coming from a chicken; cell lines advertised as human have been shown to contain material from hamsters, rats, mice and monkeys. Problems have already been found with more than 400 cell lines. (Cited from Nature 520 (2015)).
An increasing number of scientific publications (i.e. Nature journals) are now sistematically asking for cell line authentication at the moment of paper submission. To help researchers to meet this requirement, UAT is starting to offer a new service for human cell line authentication.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/support/resazurin-cell-viability-assay.htm
Resazurin cell viability assay is a simple, rapid, reliable, sensitive, safe and cost-effective measurement of cell viability.
Presentation from the ECDC expert consultation on Whole Genome Sequencing organised by the European Centre of Disease Prevention and Control - Stockholm, 19 November 2015
The human genome is full of repeated DNA sequences which come in various sizes and are classified according to the length of the core repeat units, the number of contiguous repeat units, and/or the overall length of the repeat region. DNA regions with short repeat units (usually 2-6 bp in length) are called Short Tandem Repeats (STR).
Clinical molecular diagnostics for drug guidanceNikesh Shah
1. Be familiar with next generation molecular diagnostic techniques that can provide guidance in clinical decision making
2. Identify the utility of these diagnostic approaches with some examples
3. Be aware of the challenges that exist in implementing these tools as part of the routine clinical decision making process, especially in resource limited settings
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) are a type pf pluripotent stem cell artificially derived, and often referred to as programmed, from adult somatic cells using the expression of certain genes in culture.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/products/ipsc-reprogramming-kit-list-239.htm
The discovery that somatic cells could be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state has profoundly altered the landscape in which stem cell research is conducted.
Acroscell provides ready-to-use beating human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes. Generated from mature cells that have been genetically reprogramed to a pluripotent stem cell state, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be readily expanded and induced to specialize or differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/acroscell/ipsc-derived-cardiomyocytes.html
Towards Precision Medicine: Tute Genomics, a cloud-based application for anal...Reid Robison
Tute Genomics is cloud-based software that can rapidly analyze entire human genomes. The cost of whole genome sequencing is dropping rapidly and we are in the middle of a genomic revolution. Tute is opening a new door for personalized medicine by helping researchers & healthcare organizations analyze human genomes.
How to transform genomic big data into valuable clinical informationJoaquin Dopazo
How to transform genomic big data into valuable clinical information
The impact of genomics in translational medicine: present view
13th October 2014, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
Supporting Genomics in the Practice of Medicine by Heidi RehmKnome_Inc
View the webinar at http://www.knome.com/webinar-supporting-genomics-practice-medicine. In this presentation, Dr. Heidi Rehm, Chief Laboratory Director of the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine at Partners Healthcare and one of the Principal Investigators on ClinGen, elucidates the challenges of genomics in medicine and outlined the path to integrating large scale sequencing into clinical practice.
The server of the Spanish Population VariabilityJoaquin Dopazo
DNA Day
Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain April 28th, 2014
The first server of the Spanish Population Variability.
Freely available: http://ciberer.es/bier/exome-server/
See alse related tools:
BiERapp: http://bierapp.babelomics.org (to help in the prioritization of disease genes)
TEAM: http://team.babelomics.org (to manage panels of genes for targeter resequencing based diagnostic)
Analytical performance of a novel next generation sequencing assay for Myeloi...Thermo Fisher Scientific
To support clinical and translational research into precision oncology strategies for myeloid cancers, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay was developed to detect common and relevant somatic alterations. To define gene targets that were recurrently altered in myeloid cancers and relevant for clinical and translational research, an extensive survey of investigators at hematology oncology research labs was performed.
Clinical molecular diagnostics for drug guidanceNikesh Shah
1. Be familiar with next generation molecular diagnostic techniques that can provide guidance in clinical decision making
2. Identify the utility of these diagnostic approaches with some examples
3. Be aware of the challenges that exist in implementing these tools as part of the routine clinical decision making process, especially in resource limited settings
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) are a type pf pluripotent stem cell artificially derived, and often referred to as programmed, from adult somatic cells using the expression of certain genes in culture.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/products/ipsc-reprogramming-kit-list-239.htm
The discovery that somatic cells could be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state has profoundly altered the landscape in which stem cell research is conducted.
Acroscell provides ready-to-use beating human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes. Generated from mature cells that have been genetically reprogramed to a pluripotent stem cell state, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be readily expanded and induced to specialize or differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/acroscell/ipsc-derived-cardiomyocytes.html
Towards Precision Medicine: Tute Genomics, a cloud-based application for anal...Reid Robison
Tute Genomics is cloud-based software that can rapidly analyze entire human genomes. The cost of whole genome sequencing is dropping rapidly and we are in the middle of a genomic revolution. Tute is opening a new door for personalized medicine by helping researchers & healthcare organizations analyze human genomes.
How to transform genomic big data into valuable clinical informationJoaquin Dopazo
How to transform genomic big data into valuable clinical information
The impact of genomics in translational medicine: present view
13th October 2014, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
Supporting Genomics in the Practice of Medicine by Heidi RehmKnome_Inc
View the webinar at http://www.knome.com/webinar-supporting-genomics-practice-medicine. In this presentation, Dr. Heidi Rehm, Chief Laboratory Director of the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine at Partners Healthcare and one of the Principal Investigators on ClinGen, elucidates the challenges of genomics in medicine and outlined the path to integrating large scale sequencing into clinical practice.
The server of the Spanish Population VariabilityJoaquin Dopazo
DNA Day
Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain April 28th, 2014
The first server of the Spanish Population Variability.
Freely available: http://ciberer.es/bier/exome-server/
See alse related tools:
BiERapp: http://bierapp.babelomics.org (to help in the prioritization of disease genes)
TEAM: http://team.babelomics.org (to manage panels of genes for targeter resequencing based diagnostic)
Analytical performance of a novel next generation sequencing assay for Myeloi...Thermo Fisher Scientific
To support clinical and translational research into precision oncology strategies for myeloid cancers, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay was developed to detect common and relevant somatic alterations. To define gene targets that were recurrently altered in myeloid cancers and relevant for clinical and translational research, an extensive survey of investigators at hematology oncology research labs was performed.
Cardiotoxicity is unfortunately a common side effect of many modern chemotherapeutic agents. The mechanisms that underlie these detrimental effects on heart muscle, however, remain unclear. The Drug Toxicity Signature Generation Center at ISMMS aims to address this unresolved issue by providing a bridge between molecular changes in cells and the prediction of pathophysiological effects. I will discuss ongoing work in which we use next-generation sequencing to quantify changes in gene expression that occur in cardiac myocytes after they are treated with potentially toxic chemotherapeutic agents. I will focus in particular on the computational pipeline we are developing that integrates sophisticated sequence alignment, statistical and network analysis, and dynamical mathematical models to develop novel predictions about the mechanisms underlying drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
Jaehee Shim is a Ph.D candidate in the Biophysics and Systems Pharmacology Program at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS). As a part of her Ph.D. studies, she is building dynamical prediction models based on analysis of gene expression data generated by the Drug Toxicity Signature Generation Center at ISMMS. She received her B.S in Biochemistry from the University of Michigan-Dearborn. Prior to starting her Ph.D, Jaehee worked at the ISMMS Genomics Core with a team of senior scientists and gained experience in improving and troubleshooting RNA sequencing protocols using Next Generation Sequencing Platforms.
Advances and Applications Enabled by Single Cell TechnologyQIAGEN
Over the past 5 years, single-cell genomics have become a powerful technology for studying small samples and rare cells, and for dissecting complex populations such as heterogeneous tumors. Single-cell technology is enabling many new insights into diverse research areas from oncology, immunology and microbiology to neuroscience, stem cell and developmental biology. This webinar introduces single-cell technology and summarizes the newest scientific applications in various research areas, all in the context of current literature.
The Main Advantage
The main advantages of flow cytometry over histology and IHC is the possibility to precisely measure the quantities of antigens and the possibility to stain each cell with multiple antibodies-fluorophores, in current laboratories around 10 antibodies can be bound to each cell. This is much less than mass cytometer where up to 40 can be currently measured, but at a higher and slower pace.
Aquatic research
In aquatic systems, flow cytometry is used for the analysis of autofluorescing cells or cells that are fluorescently-labeled with added stains.
This research started in 1981 when Clarice Yentsch used flow cytometry to measure the fluorescence in a red tide producing dinoflagellates
Marine scientists use the sorting ability of flow cytometers to make discrete measurements of cellular activity and diversity, to conduct investigations into the mutualistic relationships between microorganisms that live in close proximity,and to measure biogeochemical rates of multiple processes in the ocean
Cell Proliferation assay
Cell proliferation is the major function in the immune system. Often it is required to analyse the proliferative nature of the cells in order to make some conclusions. One such assay to determine the cell proliferation is the tracking dye carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE). It helps to monitor proliferative cells. This assay gives quantitative as well as qualitative data during time-series experiments
Cell counting
Cell sorting
Determining cell characteristics and function
Detecting microorganisms
Biomarker detection
Protein engineering detection
Diagnosis of health disorders such as blood cancers
Flow cytometry can be used for cell cycle analysis to estimate the percentages of a cell population in the different phases of the cell cycle, or it can be used with other reagents to analyze just the S phase.
Why flow cytometry is ideal for cell cycle analysis
Live-cell cycle analysis stains—Vybrant DyeCycle stains
Classic DNA cell cycle stains such as Hoechst 33342 and DRAQ5 for cell cycle analysis, but most of these have limitations that have to be considered when using them in an experiment which is why the Invitrogen Vybrant DyeCycle stains for live-cell cycle analysis were developed.
Fixed-cell cycle analysis stains FxCycle reagents
We offer classic DNA cell cycle stains such as DAPI, PI, and 7-AAD for fixed cell cycle analysis, but these reagents do not cover the full spectrum of laser excitation available.
The FxCycle reagents offer options for the 405 nm (violet) and 633 nm (red) laser thereby increasing the ability to multiplex by freeing up the 488 nm and 633 nm lasers for other cellular analyses such as immunophenotyping, apoptosis analysis, and dead cell discrimination.
Precise—Accurate cell cycle analysis in living cells
Safe—Low cytotoxicity for combining with additional live cell experiments
Cell sort compatible—Easily sort cells based on phase of the cell cycle
Detecting clinically actionable somatic structural aberrations from targeted ...Ronak Shah
Structural aberrations including deletions, insertions, inversions, tandem duplications, translocations, and more complex rearrangements constitute a frequent type of alteration in human tumors. Here, we sought to explore the potential to discover such events from targeted DNA sequence data in our CLIA-compliant molecular diagnostics laboratory. To detect somatic structural aberrations in individual tumors, we have developed an analytic framework in Perl & Python to detect these events in data generated by a hybridization capture-based, targeted sequencing clinical assay (MSK-IMPACT), which can reveal structural rearrangements as small as 500bp.
Creative Bioarray offers high quality, time efficient and cost effective kinase solution for assay development, high throughput screening (HTS) and selectivity profiling.
https://dda.creative-bioarray.com/kinase-assay.html
Creative Bioarray provides an extensive range of high quality RNA samples which are ideal for Northern blotting, ribonuclease protection assay, SI nuclease assay, RT-PCR/Q-PCR analysis, rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and purification of mRNA for library construction.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/products/rna-list-22.htm
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the process of detecting antigens (e.g. proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/protocol/immunohistochemistry-protocol.htm
A fluorescent compound has the property of absorbing light energy at a range of specific wavelengths. This absorption of light causes electron to rise from the ground state to a higher energy level (excited state). The excited electron quickly decays to its ground state while releasing the excess energy in the form of photon of light. This transition of energy is called fluorescence.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/support/fluorochromes-in-flow-cytometry.htm
Creative Bioarray is offering Caco-2 permeability assay to help determine the absorption and the bioavailability of drug candidates, facilitating the lead optimization process in drug discovery.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/Services/caco-2-permeability-assay.htm
Comparison of caco 2 with other cell-based models for intestinal permeability...Creative-Bioarray
The use of cell cultures provides a method to predict drug permeability by utilizing cell monolayers in a two-chamber diffusion system to simulate the passage of drugs from the intestinal lumen into the blood.
Cell cycle refers to the set of events through which a cell grows, replicates its genome, and ultimately divides into two daughter cells through the process of mitosis.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/cell-cycle-assays.htm
Creative Bioarray is offering Caco-2 permeability assay to help determine the absorption and the bioavailability of drug candidates, facilitating the lead optimization process in drug discovery.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/Services/caco-2-permeability-assay.htm
A broad range of reprogramming systems is available including mRNA reprogramming, dox-inducible human 4F2A reprogramming and lentivirus reprogramming. These technologies have been adopted and developed in close collaboration with leading iPS cell pioneers. Our extensive range of products allows for customization of individual transcription factors, cell culture conditions, and delivery systems for the optimization of reprogramming parameters.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/Services/Custom-iPS-Cell-Services.htm
Cell proliferation assays are used to monitor the dynamic growth of a cell population or to detect daughter cells in a growing population.
On the other hand, cell viability assays assess how healthy the cells are by measuring markers of cellular activity.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/products/cell-viability,-proliferation-and-cytotoxicity-list-226.htm
By using flow cytometry, staining dyes are needed. Creative Bioarray can choose different dyes to perform the assays, including propidium iodide (PI), BrdU, 7-amino actinomycin-D (7-AAD), Hoechst 33342 and 33258, and 4’6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), based on the customer’s applications or requirements.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/cell-cycle-assays.htm
By using flow cytometry, staining dyes are needed. Creative Bioarray can choose different dyes to perform the assays, including propidium iodide (PI), BrdU, 7-amino actinomycin-D (7-AAD), Hoechst 33342 and 33258, and 4’6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), based on the customer’s applications or requirements.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/cell-cycle-assays.htm
A fluorescent compound has the property of absorbing light energy at a range of specific wavelengths. This absorption of light causes electron to rise from the ground state to a higher energy level (excited state). The excited electron quickly decays to its ground state while releasing the excess energy in the form of photon of light. This transition of energy is called fluorescence.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/support/fluorochromes-in-flow-cytometry.htm
Creative Bioarray provides our global clients the most comprehensive histology services. Drawing on many years of experience and in-depth knowledge, Creative Bioarray offers tissue processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining. Besides a histological examination of all major organs/tissues is provided, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), in situ hybridization (ISH), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and transmission electron mircoscopy.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/Services/Histology-Services.htm
Creative Bioarray offers 35 human cell systems with over 160 different cell types. Moreover, we also provide our customers with primary cells from over 13 types of other animals.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/products/primary-cell-types-list-14.htm?page=1
Drug transporters mediate the uptake and efflux of a broad variety of drugs and drug metabolites. Most uptake transporters are members of the solute carrier (SLC) family, while most efflux transporters are members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/services/drug-transporters.htm
PAMPA provides a simplified approach to permeability by addressing just a single transport mechanism. This avoids the complexities of active transport and metabolism, enabling ranking of the compounds on a single permeability factor.
https://dda.creative-bioarray.com/parallel-artificial-membrane-permeability-assay.html
Creative Bioarray's SuperQuick® angiogenesis assay kit provides a robust method to determine angiogenesis (in vitro) in less than 18 hrs. This assay kit provides a simple, easy to perform, semi-quantitative tool for assessing angiogenesis.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/superquick-angiogenesis-assay-kit-item-csk-xa001-5627.htm
Immuno-Oncology (I-O) is an emerging and evolving treatment modality that includes immunotherapies designed to utilize the body’s own immune system to fight diseases. The last 30 years of I-O research has progressed considerably with approvals for the use of various I-O therapies including vaccines, cytokines, tumor-directed monoclonal antibodies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/immuno-oncology.htm
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
2. Survey responses: Quality control of cultured cells/cell lines. (Click to enlarge)
Cell Line Culture Survey Results
3.
4. Require Cell Line
Authentication
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell
Biology
Nature
Nature Genetics
Nature Reviews Immunology
Nature Reviews Cancer
Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Nature Biotechnology
Nature Methods
Society for Endocrinology Journals
Journal of Endocrinology
Journal of Molecular
Endocrinology
Endocrine-Related Cancer
AACR Journals
Cancer Discovery
Cancer Research
Clinical Cancer Research
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Molecular Cancer Research
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
Cancer Prevention Research
Endocrine Society Journals
Endocrinology
Endocrine Reviews
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology
& Metabolism
Molecular Endocrinology
Hormones and Cancer
BioTechniques
Journals that Require Cell Line Authentication
The following is a list of just some of many peer-review journals that are known to require cell line
authentication for all submitted research involving cell lines.
5. Failure to monitor cell lines for cross-contamination or misidentification, a problem that has persisted for cell lines for
decades, may result in compromised data and ultimately irreproducible results. How to solve this problem?
A Misidentification due to labeling errors
B Incorrect classification by pathologists
C Cross-contamination with other cell types
6. Intruduction What is Short tandem repeat?
Short tandem repeat is a microsatellite, consisting
of a unit of two to thirteen nucleotides repeated
hundreds of times in a row on the DNA strand.
Standards for Cell Line Authentication
short tandem repeat [STR] profiling
7. DNA Polymorphisms
Most of our DNA is identical to DNA of others. However, there are
inherited regions of our DNA that can vary from person to
person. Variations in DNA sequence between individuals are termed
"polymorphisms".
STR
STRs are short sequences of DNA, normally of length 2-5 base pairs,
that are repeated numerous times in a head-tail manner.
These Sequences with the highest degree of polymorphism are very
useful for DNA analysis in forensics cases and paternity testing.
STR Background
11. 1
2
3
4
5
6
Complete STR profile report by request
STR profile comparison analysis
DNA extraction and amplification included
Cross contamination detection and analysis
Fast turnaround time
High Accuracy, Competitive Price
Highlight
12. P h o n e : 1 - 6 3 1 - 6 2 6 - 9 1 8 1
F a x : 1 - 6 3 1 - 6 1 4 - 7 8 2 8
A d d r e s s : 4 5 - 1 R a m s e y R o a d , S h i r l e y ,
N Y 1 1 9 6 7 , U S A
E m a i l : i n f o @ c r e a t i v e - b i o a r r a y . c o m
Editor's Notes
STR DNA profiling is now a powerful, inexpensive tool that can generate unique DNA signatures that can be used to authenticate cell lines and detect contamination of more than one cell type. This presentation will talk about why scientists need cell authentication, what is STR profile and STR profile workflow from Creative Bioarray.
Accurate documentation of cell line tissue of origin, sex, and species are critical to ensure the credibility, reproducibility, and translation of data and results from cell culture-based experiments. The financial implications of misidentified or contaminated cell lines can be profound; as much as $700 million dollars per year in research that could be at risk. A Survey conducted by GBSI shows that The majority (52%) of respondents never perform authentication or other species-related QC tests on cell lines used in their experiments. Moreover, 74% never conduct STR profiling.
When it comes to training, only 62% of respondents (Figure 2) had received specific training on the problems of cell line misidentification (cross-contamination) and mislabeling, and less than one-third (30%) were trained on the importance of cell line authentication as a quality control measure for species confirmation. Furthermore, only 65% of respondents indicated that their laboratory follows specific written procedures for the handling and storage of cultured cells and cell lines.
Many Journals Require Cell Line Authentication. The following is a list of just some of many peer-review journals that are known to require cell line authentication for all submitted research involving cell lines, like AACR journals group, nature publishing group.
Failure to monitor cell lines for cross-contamination or misidentification, a problem that has persisted for cell lines for decades, may result in compromised data and ultimately irreproducible results. How to solve this problem?
.
Different genomic technologies have been applied to cell line authentication, but only one method (short tandem repeat [STR] profiling) has been the subject of a comprehensive and definitive standard. An international team of scientists is preparing a consensus standard on the authentication of human cells using short tandem repeat (STR) profiling.
So what is STR profiling? Short tandem repeat is a microsatellite, consisting of a unit of two to thirteen nucleotides repeated hundreds of times in a row on the DNA strand.
Most of our DNA is identical to DNA of others. However, there are inherited regions of our DNA that can vary from person to person. Variations in DNA sequence between individuals are termed "polymorphisms". STRs are short sequences of DNA, normally of length 2-5 base pairs, that are repeated numerous times in a head-tail manner.
These Sequences with the highest degree of polymorphism are very useful for DNA analysis in forensics cases and paternity testing.
Although the human genome contains thousands upon thousands of STR markers, only a small core set of loci have been selected for use in forensic DNA and human identity testing . The 13 core STR loci used for the U.S. national DNA database are shown in the chart.
The number of repeats of each STR at each genetic site varies within the human populations. STR profiling is the mehod to identify individuals or cell lines by characteristics of their DNA.
Creative Bioarray offers STR analysis service. We offers unique customized solutions to fit any need. If you have an immediate need or further questions, please contact Creative Bioarray at info@creative-bioarray.com or 1-631-626-9181.
