This document discusses the anatomy and surgical approaches related to the cavernous sinus region. It begins with an overview of the bony, dural, venous, arterial, and neural anatomy of the cavernous sinus. It then describes several surgical approaches in detail, including the frontotemporal extradural and intradural approach, anterolateral temporopolar transcavernous approach, and the lateral approach to the posterior cavernous sinus. Technical considerations for intracavernous tumor resection are also summarized.
The true abdominal cavity consists of the stomach, duodenum (first part), jejunum, ileum, liver, gallbladder, the tail of the pancreas, spleen, and the transverse colon. The posterior wall of the abdominal cavity is known as the retroperitoneum.
I have tried my level best to complete this one. Basics & subjective details as much possible, are included here with understandable diagrams, CT-scans & charts. Clinical associations with possible anatomical structures are also touched . Frequent questions based on the topic discussed, will be there at the middle & end of presentation.
If you find it helpful then please like it & if any query regarding this ppt or upcoming ppts then mail me
drsuraj1997@gmail.com
Development of the middle ear is not covered in this presentation. If you are interested then please mail me. I will try to upload it as a separate one.
surgical anatomy of nose is a humble attempt to make the anatomy of nose simpler and easy for medical students and fellow physicians. at the end of the presentation the students will be able to identify all the structures.
Before embarking on an approach, the surgeon should be familiar with both the ventricular anatomy and the options for optimally Accessing lesions in third ventricle is a surgical challenge because of its difficult corridor as well as deeper location, need of neural incision, preservation of vascular, thalamus and hypothalamus and likely risk of fornix injury.
Lateral skull base anatomy and applied science by Dr, bomkar bamBomkar Bam
the lateral skull base is complex anatomy that is usually students finds difficult to understand. here concise literature is made to understand the skull base more easily.
Ct anatomy of paranasal sinuses( PNS) pk.pdf pptDr pradeep Kumar
This presentation includes cross sectional anatomy like axial,saggital and coronal images of paranasal sinuses and most important variation of paranasal sinus.This help alot. Must read topic for radiology resident. Thanks
Base of orbit is closed partly by globe , extraocular muscles
& their fascial expansions.
- These fascial expansions & sup and inferior oblique muscles
bound 5 orifices between them & orbital margins .
-These are the communications between orbital cavity & deep
portion of eyelid.
- Through them blood & pus passes out of orbit . Further
spread in lid is prevented by orbital septum.
Clinical significance:
* A sharp object injury through upper lid penetrates the roof &
may damage frontal lobe.
* Orbital roof anamolies or fractures can lead to pulsatile
exophthalmos.
* Since roof is neither perforated by major nerves nor vessels , it
can be easily nibbed away in transfrontal orbitotomy
The true abdominal cavity consists of the stomach, duodenum (first part), jejunum, ileum, liver, gallbladder, the tail of the pancreas, spleen, and the transverse colon. The posterior wall of the abdominal cavity is known as the retroperitoneum.
I have tried my level best to complete this one. Basics & subjective details as much possible, are included here with understandable diagrams, CT-scans & charts. Clinical associations with possible anatomical structures are also touched . Frequent questions based on the topic discussed, will be there at the middle & end of presentation.
If you find it helpful then please like it & if any query regarding this ppt or upcoming ppts then mail me
drsuraj1997@gmail.com
Development of the middle ear is not covered in this presentation. If you are interested then please mail me. I will try to upload it as a separate one.
surgical anatomy of nose is a humble attempt to make the anatomy of nose simpler and easy for medical students and fellow physicians. at the end of the presentation the students will be able to identify all the structures.
Before embarking on an approach, the surgeon should be familiar with both the ventricular anatomy and the options for optimally Accessing lesions in third ventricle is a surgical challenge because of its difficult corridor as well as deeper location, need of neural incision, preservation of vascular, thalamus and hypothalamus and likely risk of fornix injury.
Lateral skull base anatomy and applied science by Dr, bomkar bamBomkar Bam
the lateral skull base is complex anatomy that is usually students finds difficult to understand. here concise literature is made to understand the skull base more easily.
Ct anatomy of paranasal sinuses( PNS) pk.pdf pptDr pradeep Kumar
This presentation includes cross sectional anatomy like axial,saggital and coronal images of paranasal sinuses and most important variation of paranasal sinus.This help alot. Must read topic for radiology resident. Thanks
Base of orbit is closed partly by globe , extraocular muscles
& their fascial expansions.
- These fascial expansions & sup and inferior oblique muscles
bound 5 orifices between them & orbital margins .
-These are the communications between orbital cavity & deep
portion of eyelid.
- Through them blood & pus passes out of orbit . Further
spread in lid is prevented by orbital septum.
Clinical significance:
* A sharp object injury through upper lid penetrates the roof &
may damage frontal lobe.
* Orbital roof anamolies or fractures can lead to pulsatile
exophthalmos.
* Since roof is neither perforated by major nerves nor vessels , it
can be easily nibbed away in transfrontal orbitotomy
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
7. Floor & Medial wall – formed by single
periosteal layer of dura, supero- medially
it continues with dura of sella turcica.
Roof, Lateral & Posterior wall- are
double layered, formed by periosteal
layer of dura + dura proper of middle &
posterior fossa respectively.
-roof medially continues with Diaphragma
sella.
9. VENOUS SPACES WITHIN THE CAVERNOUS SINUS:
wal
l
LATERAL COMP.
-between the carotid and lateral
sinus Thin space
filled/ displaced by 5th N. tumor, ICA
aneurysm.
-Surgical appro. – posterolater./
subtemporal
MEDIAL COMP.
Between the
pituitary and
the carotid
-Invaded by
pituitary
tumor.
-Surgical
appro.
1)superiorly-
roof, medial to
3rd N.
2)inferiorly-
sphenoid sinus /
sella turcica
ANTEROINFERIOR COMP.
-Smallest, behind sup.
Orbital fissure.
invaded by orbital tumor.
surgical appro. –
Anterolaterally,
POSTEROSUPERIOR COMP. –
(largest
space)between the ICA and post.
half
of roof of
sinus
Filled by
sphenopetroclival
meningioma/ clival
chordoma.
Surgical appro.–
extradural,
subtemp./Kawa
se
10. Arterial Relationship
1)POST. VERTICAL
SEGMENT – fixed
by lateral fibrous ring.
– Doesn't give-off
branch.
2)POST. BEND –
Meningohypopheseal trunk -
give rise to 3 branches, i)
Tentorial A. of Bernasconi & Cassinari– courses
posterolaterally,
supply tent./ tentorial meningioma; IIIrd IV th nerves
ii) Inf. Hypopheseal A.– courses anteromedially, supply
post. Pituitary, anastomose to opp. side. iii)Dorsal
meningeal A.– courses posteroinferomedially,supply dura
along upper clivus, VI nerve
3)HORIZONTAL
SEG.
– 2 arteries,-i)Inf.
Cavernous sinus
A.- ii)McConnell
capsular A.-
arises medial
aspect,supply
capsule of pituitary
4)ANT.
BEND
5) ANT. VERTICAL SEG.-
divides into MCA,ACA
12. Neural Relationships
IIIrd N.- Runs ant.- lat. &
inferiorly.
-enters CS through ROOF,
medial to
ant. Petroclinoid lig. Runs in
lateral
wall of CS, inferolateral to
ACP
During drilling of ACP 3rd
N. is vulnerable to injury.
IVth N.- enters ROOF postero-
lateral to IIIrd N. &inferomedial to
free edge of tent Runs in
lateral wall of CS ateroinferiorly
enters in SOF
SUPERIO
R
ORBIT
AL
FISSURE
3rd WITHIN
OCCULOMOT
OR CISTERN
4TH
6TH
(MEDIA
L TO
V1)
V1
IN THE
MECKEL’
S
CAVE
TENTORI
AL
EDGE
13. Vth N.- enters through Meckel’s
cave. V1 passes through lateral
wall of CS Runs anteriorly &
upwards, enters SOF
V2 passes for a short distance in lateral
wall of CS enters in f. rotundum
VIth N.- enters to CS through
Dorello’s canal runs anteriorly,
inferolateral to ICA in the substance
of CS lies medial to V1 enters
in SOF
Sympathetic fiber bundles, with
carotid a. emerges from the foramen
lacerum.
Some of the fibers join the VIth nerve
before ultimately being distributed to
the V1 division
to pupillodilator
& ciliary ganglion
sends symp. fibers
long ciliary nerves
HORNER’S SYN
19. FRONTOTEMPORAL EXTRADURAL & INTRADURAL
APPROACH
Initially developed by DOLENC ––as anteromedial
transcavernous approach, for intracavernous aneurysm
UNDERWENT SEVERAL MODIFICATIONS
INDICATION ––Lesions confined to cavernous
sinus/ with supratentorial extension
ADVANTAGE --Can be combined with Middle fossa
transpetrosal approach for excision of for posterior
extension of tumor.
24. Lateral Approach to posterior cavernous sinus(Rhomboid
Approach)
--Bone to be drilled out in middle
fossa is geometrically RHOMBOID
SHAPE
Intersection of GSPN to V3
Intersection of line
projecting along the axis
of GSPN to AE
AE intersection with petrous
ridge
Porous trigeminus
GSPN can be sectioned, to
avoid VIIth N. retraction.
25. TECHNICAL CONSIDERATION OF
INTRACAVERNOUS TUMOR
RESECTIONINTRACAVERNOUS RESECTION-
Well encapsulated & nonadherent tumors can be
removed by 1)exposure of tumor capsule from
surrounding tissue
2) debulking of tumor
3) sharp dissection of tumor capsule from surrounding
tissue
Invasive & adherent tumors can be removed by
1) interruption of tumor blood supply from periphery of
