Causes of Abnormal Behavior.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•215 views
Abnormal psychology is the branch of Psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior ,emotion ,and thought ,which could be understood as a mental disorder.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Psychosomatic and somatization disorder
This document discusses psychosomatic disorders and somatization disorder. It defines psychosomatic medicine as dealing with the relationship between psychological and physiological factors in disease. Most physical disorders are influenced by stress, conflict or anxiety. A psychosomatic disorder specifically involves psychological factors influencing a medical condition. Treatment of psychosomatic disorders may involve reassurance, medications, behavioral therapies, and treating any underlying psychiatric conditions. Somatization disorder involves multiple somatic symptoms that cannot be medically explained and is associated with distress and seeking medical help. It typically begins before age 30 and is more common in women.
Ch. 12: Emotions, Stress, & Health
This document discusses emotions, stress, and health. It begins by explaining the components of emotions including bodily arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience. It then discusses various theories about the relationship between cognition and emotion. The document also covers detecting and communicating emotions as well as cultural and gender differences. Specific emotions like anger and happiness are examined. The second half discusses stress and its relationship to health. It defines stress and explores how people can cope with and reduce stress to promote health.
Major Psychological Disorders
The document summarizes 12 major categories of psychological disorders: anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, trauma and stressor-related disorders, somatic symptom and related disorders, dissociative disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar and related disorders, schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders, feeding and eating disorders, and substance-related and addictive disorders. It provides details on anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma-related disorders, and somatic symptom disorders.
Reaction to stressful situations
This document discusses different types of reactions to stressful situations:
1. Acute stress reaction - a transient disorder developing in response to exceptional stress that usually subsides within hours or days. Symptoms include withdrawal, anger, and grief.
2. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a delayed response to a traumatic event causing intrusive memories, avoidance, and hyperarousal for over a month.
3. Adjustment disorder - distress interfering with functioning in response to a significant life change, with symptoms like depressed mood and anxiety lasting less than 6 months.
The new changes in Psychiatric Diagnosis in DSM 5
DSM 5 was published in May 2013. Psychiatric diagnosis such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, asperger's syndrome and many others were revised and changed. This is a summary of some of the major changes and the debate raised about its validity.
Somatoform disorders[1]-SEC.A
Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by a medical condition. Common symptoms include pain, nausea, and fatigue. Treatment focuses on developing a supportive patient-practitioner relationship and psychotherapy to help patients understand psychological factors contributing to their symptoms.
Icd 10 classification of mental and behavioural disorder
This document summarizes the World Health Organization's ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. It describes the history of efforts by WHO to improve psychiatric classification and diagnosis through international collaboration since the 1960s. This resulted in field trials involving over 40 countries to test diagnostic guidelines, culminating in this 1992 publication. The document provides clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines for mental disorders classified in ICD-10. It represents an extensive international effort to develop a standardized and reliable classification system.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Psychosomatic Disorder (Educational Slides)
This is a standard presentation for teaching medical students and colleagues about psychosomatic disorder, its diagnosis and therapy. We hope by reading this slides, you will understand the nature of psychosomatic disorder and its current approach in therapy
Recommended
Psychosomatic and somatization disorder
This document discusses psychosomatic disorders and somatization disorder. It defines psychosomatic medicine as dealing with the relationship between psychological and physiological factors in disease. Most physical disorders are influenced by stress, conflict or anxiety. A psychosomatic disorder specifically involves psychological factors influencing a medical condition. Treatment of psychosomatic disorders may involve reassurance, medications, behavioral therapies, and treating any underlying psychiatric conditions. Somatization disorder involves multiple somatic symptoms that cannot be medically explained and is associated with distress and seeking medical help. It typically begins before age 30 and is more common in women.
Ch. 12: Emotions, Stress, & Health
This document discusses emotions, stress, and health. It begins by explaining the components of emotions including bodily arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience. It then discusses various theories about the relationship between cognition and emotion. The document also covers detecting and communicating emotions as well as cultural and gender differences. Specific emotions like anger and happiness are examined. The second half discusses stress and its relationship to health. It defines stress and explores how people can cope with and reduce stress to promote health.
Major Psychological Disorders
The document summarizes 12 major categories of psychological disorders: anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, trauma and stressor-related disorders, somatic symptom and related disorders, dissociative disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar and related disorders, schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders, feeding and eating disorders, and substance-related and addictive disorders. It provides details on anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma-related disorders, and somatic symptom disorders.
Reaction to stressful situations
This document discusses different types of reactions to stressful situations:
1. Acute stress reaction - a transient disorder developing in response to exceptional stress that usually subsides within hours or days. Symptoms include withdrawal, anger, and grief.
2. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a delayed response to a traumatic event causing intrusive memories, avoidance, and hyperarousal for over a month.
3. Adjustment disorder - distress interfering with functioning in response to a significant life change, with symptoms like depressed mood and anxiety lasting less than 6 months.
The new changes in Psychiatric Diagnosis in DSM 5
DSM 5 was published in May 2013. Psychiatric diagnosis such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, asperger's syndrome and many others were revised and changed. This is a summary of some of the major changes and the debate raised about its validity.
Somatoform disorders[1]-SEC.A
Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by a medical condition. Common symptoms include pain, nausea, and fatigue. Treatment focuses on developing a supportive patient-practitioner relationship and psychotherapy to help patients understand psychological factors contributing to their symptoms.
Icd 10 classification of mental and behavioural disorder
This document summarizes the World Health Organization's ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. It describes the history of efforts by WHO to improve psychiatric classification and diagnosis through international collaboration since the 1960s. This resulted in field trials involving over 40 countries to test diagnostic guidelines, culminating in this 1992 publication. The document provides clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines for mental disorders classified in ICD-10. It represents an extensive international effort to develop a standardized and reliable classification system.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Psychosomatic Disorder (Educational Slides)
This is a standard presentation for teaching medical students and colleagues about psychosomatic disorder, its diagnosis and therapy. We hope by reading this slides, you will understand the nature of psychosomatic disorder and its current approach in therapy
Assessment and management of generalized anxiety disorder
generalized anxiety disorder is very common in primary health care settings .patients usually have somatic complaints and they do not attribute these symptoms to anxiety.the doctor needs to have a high index of suspicion to be able help the patients.
Psychology in india
The document summarizes the history and development of psychology and counseling in India. It discusses how the first department of psychology was established at Calcutta University in 1915. It also mentions key figures like Dr. GirindraShekar Bose who helped establish the Indian Psychoanalytical Society in 1922. While psychology and counseling have expanded rapidly in India in recent decades, the field still faces challenges like a lack of established counseling programs and stigma around mental health counseling. The document calls for developing indigenous and culturally sensitive approaches in India.
The Basics of Psychology
The document provides an overview of the history and scope of psychology. It discusses:
1) Psychology's roots in philosophy and biology and Wilhelm Wundt creating the first psychology lab in 1879.
2) Key figures like Pavlov who discovered classical conditioning, Freud and his theories of personality, and Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
3) The four primary perspectives in psychology - behavioral, cognitive, neuroscience, and psychodynamic.
4) The big issue of nature vs nurture and subfields like developmental, clinical, and industrial/organizational psychology.
Normality & abnormality
This document discusses the difference between normality and abnormality. It defines normality as the absence of illness and presence of well-being, adopting to situations according to rules. Abnormality is defined as significant deviation from accepted behaviors, emotions, or thoughts. Abnormality can be defined statistically, by violation of social norms, personal distress, or legal violations. Causes of abnormal behavior include biological factors like genetics or physiology, psychological factors like learning or coping, and sociocultural factors like discrimination. The DSM provides criteria for classifying mental disorders and considers behaviors abnormal if associated with disability, distress, social norm violations, or dysfunction. The GAF scale measures functioning on a 0 to 100 scale to assess normality and
Generalized anxiety disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday life events. The summary provides an overview of GAD, including its symptoms like restlessness and fatigue. It discusses risk factors like genetics and environmental stressors. Treatment options for GAD include cognitive behavioral therapy and medications that target neurotransmitters like benzodiazepines.
Somatoform& disaasociative disorders nov 9
This document provides definitions and information about somatoform and dissociative disorders. It discusses key somatoform disorders like hypochondriasis, conversion disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. It also outlines the five dissociative disorders including depersonalization disorder, dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative trance disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. For each disorder, it discusses characteristics, causes, prevalence, and treatment approaches.
Bulimia
Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging. People with bulimia eat large amounts of food in a short period of time and then purge through vomiting, laxative abuse, or excessive exercise. It is caused by a combination of genetic, psychological, and socio-cultural factors. Treatment involves nutritional counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, medication, and learning to develop a healthy relationship with food and one's body. Regular physical activity can help reduce symptoms and support recovery when used appropriately as part of a treatment plan.
Current perspective in psychology
The document provides an overview of the major perspectives in modern psychology, including behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, humanistic, and biological perspectives. It summarizes some of the key concepts and theorists associated with each perspective. The behavioral perspective is concerned with environmental influences on observable behavior, as studied through classical and operant conditioning. The cognitive perspective examines mental processes like memory, perception, and attention and views the mind like a computer. The psychodynamic perspective, founded by Freud, focuses on unconscious drives and how early experiences influence personality. The humanistic perspective emphasizes holism and people's capacity for self-actualization. The biological perspective examines genetic, neurological and evolutionary influences on behavior.
Psychology and abnormality
The document discusses several approaches to understanding abnormal psychology:
- The behavioral approach views abnormality as learned behaviors reinforced by conditioning or social learning.
- The cognitive approach sees faulty thought processes as the root of abnormality.
- The biological approach treats psychological disorders as illnesses caused by biological factors like genetics, biochemistry, or brain structure.
Possible biological causes mentioned include abnormal levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, as well as structural brain damage or developmental abnormalities. While brain imaging has provided insights into the neural basis of disorders, diagnosing based on scans alone is difficult due to variation between individuals and overlap across conditions.
Emotion
Emotions are complex psychological phenomena that involve physiological, cognitive, and behavioral components. They evolved to help humans and animals respond to important events. There are several theories about the relationship between the cognitive, physiological, and experiential aspects of emotions. Basic emotions include happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust, which can combine to form more complex emotions. The brain regions involved in emotional processing and regulation include the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Emotions are influenced by factors such as genetics, cognition, memory, external stimuli, health, circadian rhythms, and meditation practices. People can control their emotions through techniques like controlled breathing, reframing thoughts,
Neuropsychology
The document discusses the nervous system and brain. It describes how neurons function using neurotransmitters and how the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. It then outlines the main parts and lobes of the brain, describing the functions of structures like the hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. It also discusses methods used to study the brain like lesions, imaging techniques, and genetics.
Somatoform disorders
Somatization disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be explained medically, and are thought to be related to psychological factors. They include somatization disorder, conversion disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, and body dysmorphic disorder. The symptoms are real but are caused or exacerbated by stress and psychological issues rather than physical pathology. Treatment involves psychotherapy and helping the patient manage stress and recognize psychological contributors to their symptoms.
Habit Reversal Training presentation
Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is a kind of Behavioural Therapy that targets habit change. It can be helpfully applied to Impulse Control Disorders, Body Focused Repetitive Behaviours (BFRB), Tics, and health behaviour change, for example. This presentation makes reference to 'Stages of Change', Functional Analysis, Relapse Prevention, etc
AS The biological model of abnormality
The biological model assumes that psychological illnesses have a physical cause in the brain due to biological dysfunctions, genetics, toxins, infections, or stress. Possible biological causes of abnormal behavior include imbalances of neurotransmitters or hormones, structural damage or abnormalities in the brain, and genetic factors associated with schizophrenia. While studies have found associations between psychological disturbances and biological changes, it is difficult to determine whether biological changes cause or result from psychological symptoms. The biological model also faces issues regarding evidence, patient roles, and social stigma.
Evolutionary psychology
Evolutionary psychology attempts to explain human behavior through evolutionary adaptations. It links behaviors to biological functions and genetics. Key ideas include natural selection favoring traits suited to the environment and adaptations developing over generations. An example is how early humans' stress response helped survive encounters with predators by focusing on survival. The pair-bonding hypothesis proposes that humans formed long-term romantic bonds to rear young together successfully, promoting behaviors like attachment that increased reproductive success. However, critiques note evolutionary theories may underestimate culture's influence and rely on hypothetical assumptions about ancient humans' behaviors.
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjma
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjmaJames Malce Alo, PhD, MAN, MAPsych, RN, OSHA
Identify the distinction of DSM 5 vs ICD.
Explain the significant change in the fifth edition .
Discuss and differentiate the purposes of mental illness classification.
Lecture 18:Abnormality Dr. Reem AlSabah
This document provides an overview of abnormal psychology. It defines abnormality and discusses how abnormal behavior has been viewed throughout history from ancient to modern times. Key topics covered include the classification of mental disorders in the DSM and ICD manuals, specific disorders like mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia, and perspectives on the causes of mental illness like biological, psychological, and social factors. Defenses mechanisms, treatment approaches in ancient times, and what defines normal behavior are also addressed.
Psychological Disorders PowerPoint
The document discusses several key topics related to psychological disorders including:
1) Different models for defining mental disorders such as violations of cultural standards, emotional distress, or harming oneself or others.
2) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) which provides standardized criteria for diagnosing mental disorders.
3) Specific anxiety, mood, personality, and psychotic disorders - including their symptoms, causes, and treatment.
4) Controversies in defining and diagnosing certain conditions like dissociative identity disorder and schizophrenia.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS.ppt
This document provides an overview of personality disorders and theories of personality development. It defines personality disorders and outlines several theories including Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Freud's psychosexual stages and structural model of personality, Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, and Kohlberg's stages of moral development. Key concepts from each theory are discussed in detail, such as schemas, assimilation, accommodation, fixation, the id, ego, and superego. The document also evaluates some of Freud's theories and discusses the interaction between components of Freud's structural model.
Psychology of Emotion
This document discusses different theories of emotion including:
- Common sense theory which links physiological arousal to conscious feelings
- James-Lange theory which links environmental stimuli to physiological responses then emotional experience
- Cannon-Bard theory which links stimuli to simultaneous physiological responses and emotional experiences
- Cognitive appraisal theory which links emotions to cognitive interpretations of situations
It also discusses research on the expression of emotions through nonverbal communication like facial expressions and cultural differences in emotion expression.
Chapter 2 explaining abnormality
This document provides an overview of different perspectives on the causes of psychopathology and abnormal behavior, including:
1. Biological perspectives focus on genetic and neurological factors, examining topics like neurotransmitters, brain structures, and the effects of conditions like infections.
2. Psychodynamic perspectives are based on Freudian concepts like the unconscious mind, defense mechanisms, and psychodynamic therapy.
3. Behavioral perspectives emphasize learned behaviors and conditioning principles from theorists like Pavlov, Skinner, and Bandura.
4. Cognitive perspectives examine schemas, distortions, and the impact of thoughts, as described by Aaron Beck in cognitive therapy.
5. Sociocultural and family systems perspectives look at the influences
Nervous System Lesson for Grade 6 in Science
1) The document discusses the nervous system, which controls other parts of the body and receives signals from inside and outside the body. It describes the main parts of the nervous system including neurons, the central nervous system, and the peripheral nervous system.
2) The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is divided into the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. The cerebrum controls higher thought processes while the cerebellum controls muscle coordination.
3) The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, carrying signals between the central nervous system and other parts of the body. It is made up of sensory nerves which receive stimuli and motor
More Related Content
What's hot
Assessment and management of generalized anxiety disorder
generalized anxiety disorder is very common in primary health care settings .patients usually have somatic complaints and they do not attribute these symptoms to anxiety.the doctor needs to have a high index of suspicion to be able help the patients.
Psychology in india
The document summarizes the history and development of psychology and counseling in India. It discusses how the first department of psychology was established at Calcutta University in 1915. It also mentions key figures like Dr. GirindraShekar Bose who helped establish the Indian Psychoanalytical Society in 1922. While psychology and counseling have expanded rapidly in India in recent decades, the field still faces challenges like a lack of established counseling programs and stigma around mental health counseling. The document calls for developing indigenous and culturally sensitive approaches in India.
The Basics of Psychology
The document provides an overview of the history and scope of psychology. It discusses:
1) Psychology's roots in philosophy and biology and Wilhelm Wundt creating the first psychology lab in 1879.
2) Key figures like Pavlov who discovered classical conditioning, Freud and his theories of personality, and Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
3) The four primary perspectives in psychology - behavioral, cognitive, neuroscience, and psychodynamic.
4) The big issue of nature vs nurture and subfields like developmental, clinical, and industrial/organizational psychology.
Normality & abnormality
This document discusses the difference between normality and abnormality. It defines normality as the absence of illness and presence of well-being, adopting to situations according to rules. Abnormality is defined as significant deviation from accepted behaviors, emotions, or thoughts. Abnormality can be defined statistically, by violation of social norms, personal distress, or legal violations. Causes of abnormal behavior include biological factors like genetics or physiology, psychological factors like learning or coping, and sociocultural factors like discrimination. The DSM provides criteria for classifying mental disorders and considers behaviors abnormal if associated with disability, distress, social norm violations, or dysfunction. The GAF scale measures functioning on a 0 to 100 scale to assess normality and
Generalized anxiety disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday life events. The summary provides an overview of GAD, including its symptoms like restlessness and fatigue. It discusses risk factors like genetics and environmental stressors. Treatment options for GAD include cognitive behavioral therapy and medications that target neurotransmitters like benzodiazepines.
Somatoform& disaasociative disorders nov 9
This document provides definitions and information about somatoform and dissociative disorders. It discusses key somatoform disorders like hypochondriasis, conversion disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. It also outlines the five dissociative disorders including depersonalization disorder, dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative trance disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. For each disorder, it discusses characteristics, causes, prevalence, and treatment approaches.
Bulimia
Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging. People with bulimia eat large amounts of food in a short period of time and then purge through vomiting, laxative abuse, or excessive exercise. It is caused by a combination of genetic, psychological, and socio-cultural factors. Treatment involves nutritional counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, medication, and learning to develop a healthy relationship with food and one's body. Regular physical activity can help reduce symptoms and support recovery when used appropriately as part of a treatment plan.
Current perspective in psychology
The document provides an overview of the major perspectives in modern psychology, including behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, humanistic, and biological perspectives. It summarizes some of the key concepts and theorists associated with each perspective. The behavioral perspective is concerned with environmental influences on observable behavior, as studied through classical and operant conditioning. The cognitive perspective examines mental processes like memory, perception, and attention and views the mind like a computer. The psychodynamic perspective, founded by Freud, focuses on unconscious drives and how early experiences influence personality. The humanistic perspective emphasizes holism and people's capacity for self-actualization. The biological perspective examines genetic, neurological and evolutionary influences on behavior.
Psychology and abnormality
The document discusses several approaches to understanding abnormal psychology:
- The behavioral approach views abnormality as learned behaviors reinforced by conditioning or social learning.
- The cognitive approach sees faulty thought processes as the root of abnormality.
- The biological approach treats psychological disorders as illnesses caused by biological factors like genetics, biochemistry, or brain structure.
Possible biological causes mentioned include abnormal levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, as well as structural brain damage or developmental abnormalities. While brain imaging has provided insights into the neural basis of disorders, diagnosing based on scans alone is difficult due to variation between individuals and overlap across conditions.
Emotion
Emotions are complex psychological phenomena that involve physiological, cognitive, and behavioral components. They evolved to help humans and animals respond to important events. There are several theories about the relationship between the cognitive, physiological, and experiential aspects of emotions. Basic emotions include happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust, which can combine to form more complex emotions. The brain regions involved in emotional processing and regulation include the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Emotions are influenced by factors such as genetics, cognition, memory, external stimuli, health, circadian rhythms, and meditation practices. People can control their emotions through techniques like controlled breathing, reframing thoughts,
Neuropsychology
The document discusses the nervous system and brain. It describes how neurons function using neurotransmitters and how the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. It then outlines the main parts and lobes of the brain, describing the functions of structures like the hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. It also discusses methods used to study the brain like lesions, imaging techniques, and genetics.
Somatoform disorders
Somatization disorders involve physical symptoms that cannot be explained medically, and are thought to be related to psychological factors. They include somatization disorder, conversion disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, and body dysmorphic disorder. The symptoms are real but are caused or exacerbated by stress and psychological issues rather than physical pathology. Treatment involves psychotherapy and helping the patient manage stress and recognize psychological contributors to their symptoms.
Habit Reversal Training presentation
Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is a kind of Behavioural Therapy that targets habit change. It can be helpfully applied to Impulse Control Disorders, Body Focused Repetitive Behaviours (BFRB), Tics, and health behaviour change, for example. This presentation makes reference to 'Stages of Change', Functional Analysis, Relapse Prevention, etc
AS The biological model of abnormality
The biological model assumes that psychological illnesses have a physical cause in the brain due to biological dysfunctions, genetics, toxins, infections, or stress. Possible biological causes of abnormal behavior include imbalances of neurotransmitters or hormones, structural damage or abnormalities in the brain, and genetic factors associated with schizophrenia. While studies have found associations between psychological disturbances and biological changes, it is difficult to determine whether biological changes cause or result from psychological symptoms. The biological model also faces issues regarding evidence, patient roles, and social stigma.
Evolutionary psychology
Evolutionary psychology attempts to explain human behavior through evolutionary adaptations. It links behaviors to biological functions and genetics. Key ideas include natural selection favoring traits suited to the environment and adaptations developing over generations. An example is how early humans' stress response helped survive encounters with predators by focusing on survival. The pair-bonding hypothesis proposes that humans formed long-term romantic bonds to rear young together successfully, promoting behaviors like attachment that increased reproductive success. However, critiques note evolutionary theories may underestimate culture's influence and rely on hypothetical assumptions about ancient humans' behaviors.
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjma
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjmaJames Malce Alo, PhD, MAN, MAPsych, RN, OSHA
Identify the distinction of DSM 5 vs ICD.
Explain the significant change in the fifth edition .
Discuss and differentiate the purposes of mental illness classification.
Lecture 18:Abnormality Dr. Reem AlSabah
This document provides an overview of abnormal psychology. It defines abnormality and discusses how abnormal behavior has been viewed throughout history from ancient to modern times. Key topics covered include the classification of mental disorders in the DSM and ICD manuals, specific disorders like mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia, and perspectives on the causes of mental illness like biological, psychological, and social factors. Defenses mechanisms, treatment approaches in ancient times, and what defines normal behavior are also addressed.
Psychological Disorders PowerPoint
The document discusses several key topics related to psychological disorders including:
1) Different models for defining mental disorders such as violations of cultural standards, emotional distress, or harming oneself or others.
2) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) which provides standardized criteria for diagnosing mental disorders.
3) Specific anxiety, mood, personality, and psychotic disorders - including their symptoms, causes, and treatment.
4) Controversies in defining and diagnosing certain conditions like dissociative identity disorder and schizophrenia.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS.ppt
This document provides an overview of personality disorders and theories of personality development. It defines personality disorders and outlines several theories including Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Freud's psychosexual stages and structural model of personality, Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, and Kohlberg's stages of moral development. Key concepts from each theory are discussed in detail, such as schemas, assimilation, accommodation, fixation, the id, ego, and superego. The document also evaluates some of Freud's theories and discusses the interaction between components of Freud's structural model.
Psychology of Emotion
This document discusses different theories of emotion including:
- Common sense theory which links physiological arousal to conscious feelings
- James-Lange theory which links environmental stimuli to physiological responses then emotional experience
- Cannon-Bard theory which links stimuli to simultaneous physiological responses and emotional experiences
- Cognitive appraisal theory which links emotions to cognitive interpretations of situations
It also discusses research on the expression of emotions through nonverbal communication like facial expressions and cultural differences in emotion expression.
What's hot (20)
Assessment and management of generalized anxiety disorder
Assessment and management of generalized anxiety disorder
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjma
Classification of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 & ICD 10.pptx-drjma
Similar to Causes of Abnormal Behavior.pptx
Chapter 2 explaining abnormality
This document provides an overview of different perspectives on the causes of psychopathology and abnormal behavior, including:
1. Biological perspectives focus on genetic and neurological factors, examining topics like neurotransmitters, brain structures, and the effects of conditions like infections.
2. Psychodynamic perspectives are based on Freudian concepts like the unconscious mind, defense mechanisms, and psychodynamic therapy.
3. Behavioral perspectives emphasize learned behaviors and conditioning principles from theorists like Pavlov, Skinner, and Bandura.
4. Cognitive perspectives examine schemas, distortions, and the impact of thoughts, as described by Aaron Beck in cognitive therapy.
5. Sociocultural and family systems perspectives look at the influences
Nervous System Lesson for Grade 6 in Science
1) The document discusses the nervous system, which controls other parts of the body and receives signals from inside and outside the body. It describes the main parts of the nervous system including neurons, the central nervous system, and the peripheral nervous system.
2) The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is divided into the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. The cerebrum controls higher thought processes while the cerebellum controls muscle coordination.
3) The peripheral nervous system includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, carrying signals between the central nervous system and other parts of the body. It is made up of sensory nerves which receive stimuli and motor
Presentation1
The brain is the largest organ in the body and part of the central nervous system. It regulates internal and external functions through various parts like the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, brain stem, spinal cord, cerebellum, and pineal gland. The cerebrum is the biggest part and center for higher brain functions. Doctors use technologies like EEG, PET, and MEG to monitor and study brain activity to better understand disorders like Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and cerebral palsy. Treatment options include drug therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Hypothalamus & Emotionality.pptx
This document discusses early theories of emotion and the role of the hypothalamus and amygdala in emotionality. It covers the James-Lange theory which states that physiological reactions cause emotions, the Cannon-Bard theory which argues emotions and physiological reactions occur simultaneously, and two-factor theories incorporating both cognition and physiology. The hypothalamus influences behaviors through homeostatic drives and internal states via the autonomic nervous system, neuroendocrine pathways, and motivational pathways. The amygdala is involved in externally generated states and drives and emotional experiences. Together the hypothalamus and amygdala are important limbic structures in emotional processing.
Mirror neurons
The document discusses the biological basis of behavior and the nervous system. It covers topics such as neurons, synaptic transmission, the divisions of the brain including the cerebral cortex and limbic system, and the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. The biological foundations of the mind, emotions, and mental processes are examined.
Unit 3 Contemporary Perspectives
The document discusses the biological and neurological bases of abnormal behavior. It describes how genetics and biological factors like neurotransmitters and nervous system functioning can contribute to conditions. The central and peripheral nervous systems are involved in transmitting signals through neurons. Disturbances in these biological systems may underlie many psychological disorders. Environmental influences also interact with biological factors to shape abnormal behavior.
Chapter7-the-whole-brain-theory.pptx
The document discusses the whole brain theory, which proposes that different parts of the brain have specialized functions and abilities. It describes research by Paul Broca, Roger Sperry, Paul MacLean, and Ned Herrmann that identified the specialized roles of the left and right hemispheres, as well as the cerebral cortex, limbic system, and reptilian complex. Herrmann's model divides the brain into four quadrants - analytical, organized, interpersonal, and imaginative - that have distinct learning preferences. The document also discusses ways to improve brain functions, such as exercise, diet, sleep, and reducing stress, as well as elements of an effective personal development plan like goal setting, actions, and assessment.
The healthy brain
Course on how to care for your brain as you age to retain optimum brain function and create optimum enjoyment of life.
Limbic & emotions 18 april 2016
This document provides an overview of the limbic system and physiology of emotions. It begins by defining the limbic system as a set of brain structures located on the medial aspect of the brain, including components like the orbitofrontal cortex, insular area, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, uncus, and related areas like the hypothalamus, anterior thalamus, and midbrain reticular formation. It then discusses the connections and functions of the limbic system, including integrating sensory information, generating emotions, motivation, and behaviors related to survival like feeding, sexual behavior, and memory. Finally, it explores the nature of emotions and their physiological correlates in the brain, as well as applications to emotional disorders
OT 537 Session 1A
This document provides an overview of key concepts in neuroscience as they relate to occupational therapy. It begins with an introduction to neuroplasticity and the role of purposeful activity in facilitating recovery from nervous system injuries. It then discusses the basic anatomy and functions of the nervous system including the major parts of the brain, neurons, and neurotransmitters. Common causes and signs of neurological dysfunction are outlined. The document also reviews diagnostic tests and factors influencing treatment and recovery. Overall, the summary introduces neuroscience foundations important for understanding how occupational engagement can support clients with neurological conditions.
Chapter 2 Psych 1 Online Stud 1199299912883466 2[1]
The document provides an overview of behavioral neuroscience, discussing the nervous system, neurons, neurotransmitters, and various parts of the brain. It describes how the nervous system is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes the somatic and autonomic divisions. It also summarizes key structures and functions of the hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain, and various lobes of the cerebral cortex.
Depression and Anxiety ...
Depression and anxiety are common mental health issues that can be treated. The brain controls functions like breathing, heart rate, movement, sleep, mood and thought. It contains regions like the cerebral cortex, limbic system, hypothalamus and brainstem that regulate these functions. Neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine transmit signals between neurons. Depression is characterized by low mood, loss of interest and changes in appetite or sleep. Anxiety involves feelings of fear or worry that can cause physical symptoms. Conditions like generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and PTSD involve excessive uncontrollable anxiety. Treatment options depend on the diagnosis and can include therapy and medication.
control and coordination class 10 NCERT pdf notes
Here's a brief introduction to control and coordination class 10 science:
"Control and coordination are fundamental processes in living organisms that ensure proper functioning and response to stimuli. In simpler terms, control refers to the regulation of various activities within an organism, while coordination involves the harmonious integration of these activities. In humans and many other animals, control and coordination are primarily carried out by the nervous system and the endocrine system. The nervous system allows for rapid responses to stimuli through nerve impulses, while the endocrine system regulates physiological processes using chemical messengers called hormones. Together, these systems ensure that organisms can adapt to changes in their environment, maintain internal balance (homeostasis), and carry out essential functions for survival and well-being."
For more information, visit- www.vavaclasses.com
Neuropsychology Presentation for Psych 220
The document discusses five important aspects of neuropsychology:
1) Everything psychological originates from thoughts in the brain in response to sensory input.
2) Neurons transmit messages through action potentials and synaptic transmission.
3) The brainstem controls arousal, movement, breathing, and heart rate. The limbic system controls emotions and drives.
4) The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes controlling movement, senses, vision, and language. The hemispheres control opposite sides of the body.
5) The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the body, and is divided into the autonomic and somatic systems. The central nervous system is the brain and spinal cord.
Steelmanheard
Physiological psychology describes the biological mechanisms underlying behavior. Behavior involves muscular movements that can be studied across species. A species' physiology must be adapted to its environment for survival. The brain is composed of specialized regions that carry out distinct functions. Key regions include the frontal lobe, which controls decision-making and emotional responses, and the hippocampus, which is crucial for memory formation and retrieval. Physiological techniques like brain imaging and lesion studies provide insights into the neural underpinnings of behavior.
THE-WHOLE-BRAIN-THEORY.pdf
The document discusses the whole brain theory and different parts of the brain according to various scientists like Broca, Sperry, MacLean, and Herrmann. It also explores ways to improve brain functions such as exercise, diet, reducing stress, and developing a personal plan with goals and actions. The whole brain theory emphasizes using all four quadrants of the brain for well-rounded thinking and learning.
Ch02
The document summarizes key topics in neuroscience and biological foundations of psychology. It discusses our genetic inheritance, including behavioral genetics and evolutionary psychology. It then covers the neural bases of behavior, including the structure and function of neurons, neural communication through neurotransmitters and action potentials, and the key roles of the nervous and endocrine systems. Finally, it provides an overview of the organization of the nervous system, including the central and peripheral divisions, and gives a tour of the structures and functions of the main parts of the brain.
Psychological Perspectives
The document discusses five major psychological perspectives relevant to criminal psychology:
1) Behaviourism focuses on observable and measurable human behavior and believes criminal behavior can be explained through learning processes like classical and operant conditioning.
2) Psychoanalytic psychology, according to Freud, sees the unconscious mind and psychosexual development as influencing criminal behavior. Disruptions during development or childhood trauma could result in a weak conscience.
3) Humanistic psychology, exemplified by Carl Rogers, believes people are inherently good and capable of growth if provided empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard.
4) Biological perspectives study the physical brain and body to identify characteristics like genetics or hormones that influence criminal behavior.
5) Cognitive
Limbic system
The limbic system is a ring of structures located in the medial temporal lobe that is involved in emotion, motivation, learning, and memory. It includes structures like the hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and hypothalamus that are interconnected. Damage or dysfunction of the limbic system can cause disorders like abnormal emotional states, changes in motivation and drives, and episodic memory problems. The limbic system generates emotions and interprets sensory experiences as pleasant or unpleasant, influencing behavior. It also plays a role in learning, addiction, and various psychological disorders through its effects on neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin.
Models of Psychopathology(paradigms).pptx
The document discusses several paradigms in psychology including the genetic, neuroscience, psychodynamic, and cognitive behavioral paradigms. It provides details on key aspects of each paradigm such as their basic assumptions, relevant theories, and implications for understanding psychopathology. Additionally, it notes that factors like emotions and socio-cultural influences cut across multiple paradigms. The document concludes by discussing the diathesis-stress paradigm, which proposes that both genetic predispositions and environmental stressors must be present for disorders to develop.
Similar to Causes of Abnormal Behavior.pptx (20)
Chapter 2 Psych 1 Online Stud 1199299912883466 2[1]
Chapter 2 Psych 1 Online Stud 1199299912883466 2[1]
More from VandanaGaur8
INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOOGY.pptx
The document discusses the history and development of psychology in India. It notes that while Indian philosophical traditions explored concepts relevant to psychology, modern psychology in India began in the early 20th century with the introduction of experimental psychology courses and laboratories at universities. Key figures established departments and societies to advance the field. Over subsequent decades, psychology expanded to other academic institutions and sectors. The document also briefly outlines some common research methods used in psychology like questionnaires, interviews, observation, correlation, experimentation.
Reliability and Validity.pptx
Reliability refers to how consistent and stable your research results are ,and how well they can be replicated by other researchers. Validity refers to how well your research measures what it intends to measure, and how accurately it reflects the reality of the phenomenon you are studying,
Research Design-1 (1).pptx
Research design is the framework of research methods and techniques chosen by a researcher to conduct a study.
Organic Brain Syndrome.pptx
The organic brain syndromes are delirium, dementia ,amnesia. It is also known as organic brain disease.
learning and conditioning.pptx
The conditioning theory of learning describes a form of learning where learning occurs s a result of associating a condition or stimulus with a particular reaction .
Emotion (1).pptx
Emotion is a complex psychophysiological experience that we experience as a result of our interaction with our environment.
DSM IV TR CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (1).pptx
Classificatory system in Psychopathology. The international Classification of Disease(ICD) and the DSM differ in various ways.
More from VandanaGaur8 (7)
Recently uploaded
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdChapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdaneHow to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
The History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Jemison, MacLaughlin, and Majumder "Broadening Pathways for Editors and Authors"
Jemison, MacLaughlin, and Majumder "Broadening Pathways for Editors and Authors"National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.Benner "Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers"
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Stack Memory Organization of 8086 Microprocessor
The stack memory organization of 8086 microprocessor.
Recently uploaded (20)
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Jemison, MacLaughlin, and Majumder "Broadening Pathways for Editors and Authors"
Jemison, MacLaughlin, and Majumder "Broadening Pathways for Editors and Authors"
Causes of Abnormal Behavior.pptx
- 1. Causes of Abnormal Behavior Dr Vandana Gaur Assistant Professor Department of Psychology
- 2. Paradigms (def)-a set of shared assumptions that include a theory and how data should be collected. Four Basic Paradigms: – Biological – Psychodynamic – Cognitive-Behavioral – Humanistic
- 3. Biological Definition: abnormal behavior is caused by biological abnormalities Cause of Abnormality: Genes, neurochemistry, head injury. Treatment: Medication or other physical treatments (ECT). Focus: Functions of the body and brain structures.
- 4. Psychodynamic Paradigm Definition: abnormal behavior stems from unconscious conflicts from early childhood experiences. – Id – unconscious psychic energy strives to satisfy basic drives to survive, reproduce, and aggress Pleasure principle – Ego – largely conscious, executive part of personality Reality Principal – Superego- voice of conscious forces the ego to consider not only the real but, the ideal. Operates on conscious and unconscious level. Cause: Early Childhood Experiences Treatment: Psychoanalysis Focus: Unconscious Mind
- 5. Cognitive Behavioral Definition: All behavior is the result of different forms of learning. -Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Social Learning Cause: Experiences (Nurture) Treatment: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Focus: Observable Behavior
- 6. Humanistic Definition: Emphasis on the Present and Future, and conscious rather than Unconscious. Cause: Frustrations in Society Type of Treatment: Non-directive Therapy Focus: Free Will
- 7. Systems Theory Def- Integrates causes of abnormal behavior across biological, psychological and social factors. Diathesis-Stress Model and Multiple Risk Factors Equifinality Reciprocal Causality
- 8. Biological Factors Neuron-basic building block of the nervous system. Components that make up the neuron – Cell Body- – Dendrite- – Axon-
- 9. Action Potential Neuron at rest— semi-permeable barrier between the fluids that are inside and outside the neuron. These fluids contain electrically charged particles called ions. Iinterior fluid is mostly negative and the exterior fluid is mostly positive. Resting Potential-. Polarization- Depolarization- Firing Of the Action-Potential Release of Neurotransmitter- Return to Resting State-
- 12. Neurotransmitters and the Etiology of Psychopathology – Biological research has found that there is a disruption in the functioning of certain neurotransmitters among some people with mental disorders. Cannot currently measure neurotransmitter levels in a living brain. Does not imply causality Causes of disorders are multifactorial
- 14. Major Brain Structures Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Central- Brain and Spinal Cord. Peripheral-is the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. Three Main Subdivisions: Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain
- 15. Limbic System Links the higher mental processes of the forebrain with the hindbrain and midbrain. Thalamus Hypothalamus
- 16. Peripheral Nervous system . Autonomic – – Sypmathetic-arousing-prepares the body for emergency – Parasympathetic- calming- slows everything down after the emergency Somatic-
- 17. Etiology of Autonomic nervous system and abnormal behavior: Overarousal Underarousal
- 18. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM chemical communication system, that consists of glands that secrete hormones into the blood- stream. hormones
- 19. Behavioral Genetics Basic Principles of Genetics: Genotype-actual genetic structure of the individual. Phenotype is the expression of a given genotype. Allele Locus Dominant/Recessive Inheritance
- 20. Family Incidence Studies Twin Studies-monozygotic vs. dizygotic twins. Concordance rates- Adoption Studies Genetics and Etiology
- 21. Psychological Factors Species-Typical Characteristics Attachment Theory Dominance
- 22. Psychological Factors Temperament – Opennes to experience – Conscientiousness – Extraversion – Agreeable – Neuroticism Emotion – Positive – Negative Learning and Cognition
- 23. Social Factors Social Support Gender Roles Prejudice and Poverty Societal Values
- 24. Psychological Factors Sense of Self Development and Developmental Transitions: