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Case on Creative Deviance
Individuals who disobey orders from senior management to stop working on new ideas and continue pursuing innovation are demonstrating creative deviance. While top-down decision making works well for highly innovative companies like Apple, encouraging too much creative deviance can be dangerous if control is lost over the group or if employees believe they have authority to act without oversight. Apple's hierarchical structure is actually quite simple and responsibility is placed on individuals, and cross-functional teams meet continuously, allowing for innovation within the hierarchy. However, over-reliance on a single individual for decision making can lead to missed market changes or failures if their vision is flawed.
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Case on Creative Deviance
- 2. THE MOMENTUM NAME ID AfsanaMimi 029-017 Niskriti Mandol 029-059 A.K.M. Ashraful Islam 029-083 MD.Altaf Hossain 029-079 Nabanita Dhali 029-115
- 3. The Case SummaryAt A Glance When individuals with new ideas disobey the orders of the senior management to stop working and choose to continue working, then creative deviance occurs. For the highly creative company such an Apple, the top-down decision making approach works so well. A visionary experienced leader also helps to create a culture of constant innovation.
- 4. 1. “Possibility todeliberately create “anti-hierarchy” AND steps to encourage creative deviance” It is possible for an organization to deliberately create an “anti-hierarchy” to encourage employees in more acts of creative deviance. Steps for encouraging creative deviance: 1. Encouraging innovation. 2.Keep going on improving innovation. 3.Creating a wonderful environment with enough time and space. 4.Less centralization.
- 5. 1. Difficulty reigningin control of a group. 2. False authority,when an employee believes he has the right to continue acting. 3. Improving existing product or service rather than imagining a new way of doing something. 2.What are the danger of an approach that encourage creative deviance?
- 6. 3.Reasons that makeApple creative with hierarchical structure & other companies hierarchical limitation: . Apple: 1. Strong cross functional team. 2. Structure is actually quite simple,relatively few layers. 3. Great deal of responsibility placed on each individual for his or her outcomes. 4. All the groups meet continuously on the product development cycle. Other companies hierarchical limitation: Other companies keep doing the traditional “assembly line” type of development
- 7. 4.Behind the sceneof Apple’s success and potential liabilities of a company connected to the decision making of a single individual. Apple’s success hasn't been entirely dependent upon Steve Jobs’ 1. Errors can lead to a failed vision. 2. Inability to detect important changes in markets. 3. Company can be ruined. So leader should has a clear vision, experience, and all the possible solutions of problems.
Editor's Notes
- #4 In an organizational hierarchy, increasing the control for top managers is one of the major functions. With a creative vision, the right person of a hierarchy can bring a phenomenal result. Creative deviance is a process in which individuals create successful product despite being told by senior management to stop working on them. In top-down creative process, most major decisions and innovations flowed directly the senior management and then were delegated to sub-teams as specific assignments to complete. For instance, Steves Jobs running Apple by using strongly top-down creative process. It is assumed that top-down decision making works so well for one highly creative company like Apple, while hierarchy nearly ruined innovations at several other organizations. On the other hand, cross-functional orientation also needed for achieving goal efficiently. And the leader must have the ability to rise above the conventional structural procedures to create a culture of constant innovation.
- #5 It is possible for an organization to deliberately create an “anti-hierarchy” to encourage employees in more acts of creative deviance. At microsoft, many tiger teams are created which serve as micro anti-hierarchy groups within the organization. There are five steps, a company could take to encourage creative deviance- Firstly, encouraging innovation is the most important step to have creative deviance. Encouraging creative deviance is about executing on the innovation opportunities. Example- military I.D.E.A program. Secondly, when you mistake while you are innovating ,you are better admit the problems as soon as possible and keep going on with improving innovation. Thirdly,creating a wonderful environment for employees that could foster innovation. It will improve concept or even develop whole new process. Fourthly,trying to give your employee enough time and space. It is affected by some of the factors such as-abilities of managers and employees, job complexity etc. And finally, companies that are less centralized would have a great amount of autonomy which may motivate employees to attain creative deviance. By following these ways today’s company can tackle the method of encouraging creativity.
- #6 The dangers of an approach that encourage creative deviance are: problems would not be seen as signs of failure, or even as issues that should be resolved before moving on to the next stage of development; misplaced enthusiasm can lead to an unrealistically tight development timetable; and lenient review procedures. Furthermore, there are dangers in listening too closely to existing consumer, who might just ask for an improvement to an existing product or service rather than imagining a new way of doing something. In addition, if the companies cannot kill projects and product that are doomed to fail, the company will be in a danger. If creative deviance is duel in company's growth engine, creative deviance gone badly can derail the whole train before it ever gets to the hill. Much less up it. False authority, when an employee believes he has the right to continue acting in a free creative atmosphere when that is not the job they were hired to do. Of course there is always a chance that employee moral might lower when the creative deviance is no longer required.
- #7 A company like apple is able to creative with strongly hierarchical structure because its success is having strong cross functional team, which consists of members at the same level of hierarchy in the organization but serving at different areas. Other reasons that make it creative with hierarchical structure is- 1. Apples structure is actually quite simple, relatively few layers. 2. A great deal of responsibility placed on each individual for his or her outcomes. 3. Apple simple had a very unique leader who was able to rise above the conventional structure of a CEO to create a culture of constant innovation. 4. All the groups like design, manufacturing, engineering and sale meet continuously on the product development cycle. Other company hierarchical limitation: Other companies keep doing the traditional “assembly line” type of development which starts the process by designing the product and its basic features by the designers, then the developers take a look at the design and shrink it down what is possible. Then the manufacturer figure out how to produce at last the marketing and sales people decide how to sell, which is different from Apple.
- #8 I do not believe that Apple’s success has been entirely dependent upon Steve Jobs’ role as head of the hierarchy. Steve Jobs, while a great visionary and technical genius of sorts, trusted in many very smart employees and a board of very competent individuals to make decisions for the company. While it is true that he did not delegate final say very well, he did know that having creative and exceptionally bright employees could lead to the innovations that would excite a generation of consumers. He made many mistakes, to many to list here, however he knew how to spin a mistake into an opportunity for improvement and through his charisma he would convince many to believe just that. Tying a company so closely to one strong lead individual can leave a void when such person dies or decides to leave. Any organization that has a hierarchy in such a way should also have a replacement in training, as was the case with Apple. However, the potential liabilities of a company that is connected to the decision-making of a single individual is if the decision-maker is not visionary enough, the whole company will ruin by him or her. The fundamental errors in the leader’s perceptions can lead to a failed vision. Common problems include an inability to detect important changes in markets, for example, competitive. Technological, or consumer needs; a failure to accurately assess and obtain the necessary resources for the vision’s accomplishment; and a misreading or exaggerated sense of the needs of markets or constituents. Therefore, it is so important to select a wise leader who always has a clear vision, experience, and all the possible problems and situations have to be taken into account before making the decision.