Capella Proprietary and Confidential Last Updated Decemb.docx

Capella Proprietary and Confidential
Last Updated: December 18, 2017
1
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
GETTING STARTED WITH PATHBRITE ePORTFOLIO
An ePortfolio is a tool that lets you collect and save digital
versions of your work in a cloud-
based platform. It allows you to organize and present a
collection of your accomplishments,
evaluations, and even a job-search resume online!
There are several reasons you might use an ePortfolio,
including:
• For course assignments that require creation of an ePortfolio.
• For personal use as a place to save work throughout your
program.
• As a place to display work that demonstrates completion of
licensure or capstone
requirements.
• For use in professional development or job searches.
The following ePortfolio elements are addressed in this tutorial:
• Accessing ePortfolio.

• The My Profile Page.
• Creating a Portfolio.
• Privacy Settings.
• Adding Work to a Portfolio.
o The Edit Page: Add Work.
o Select Industry.
o Drag and Drop Your Files.
o Upload Files.
o Add Files to My Library.
o Add Files to a Portfolio from My Library.
• Editing and Organizing Portfolios.
o The Edit Page: Style & Settings.
o Edit File Titles, Tags and Descriptions.
o Edit Categories.
Assign Categories to Files.
o Edit How Your Portfolio Looks.
o Edit Contact Links.

2
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
ACCESSING ePORTFOLIO
The courseroom you are in will determine where the link to
ePortfolio is located.
GuidedPath
FlexPath
Click ePortfolio in a GuidedPath course.
Click ePortfolio in a FlexPath course.
3
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
A Welcome to Pathbrite pop-up window will display.
The My Profile page displays on ePortfolio.

Click Open in New Window
to open ePortfolio.
4
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
THE MY PROFILE PAGE
The ePortfolio My Profile page provides the main access to your
portfolios. From here, you
can create new portfolios and access any existing portfolios.
The first time you access the My Profile page, you will be
invited to Start Profile Wizard and
Create Your First Portfolio. You can also access the My
Account quick access menu.
• Start Profile Wizard allows you to edit to personal
information, such as your profile
image, the name and title that displays, and e-mail. You can
also add additional
personal information as desired.
• My Account, in the upper right corner, opens a drop-down
menu that provides

access to the Shared ePortfolios and the My Library page. You
can also come back to
the My Profile page from anywhere else in ePortfolio by
clicking this menu.
• Create Your First Portfolio on the icon in the middle of your
screen, or Create
Portfolio on the right side, allows you to set up a new
ePortfolio.
1. Click Start Profile
Wizard to make changes to
your personal information.
2. Click My Account to access
the Shared ePortfolios and the
My Library pages.
3. Click Create Your First
Portfolio or Create Portfolio to
set up a new portfolio.
5
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

CREATING A PORTFOLIO
In the ePortfolio space, you create portfolios where you can
collect your work. This might
include images, videos, documents, presentations, transcripts,
web links, and even audio
recordings. You can create a portfolio for many reasons, but at
Capella, the most common
types of portfolios are:
• Course Assignments: An assignment requires you to create or
collect artifacts that
are placed in a portfolio.
• Dissertations: The portfolio is used as a place to save and
organize work and
throughout your program that might be helpful for your
dissertation.
• Capstones: The portfolio is used as a place to display work
that demonstrates
completion of licensure or capstone requirements.
• Professional Use: Work is collected in a portfolio for use in
professional
development or to be used during job searches. A link to the
portfolio can then be
added to a resume or a LinkedIn profile to showcase the work.
Click Create Your First Portfolio or Create
Portfolio to set up a new ePortfolio.

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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
On the Create Portfolio window, enter a Title and description.
The portfolio page will display, ready for you to add your work.
PRIVACY SETTINGS
One thing you should be aware of is how privacy works on
ePortfolio. There are two settings
that can be applied to any of your portfolios: Private and Public.
By default, the privacy
setting is set to initially set to Private.
• Private means that if you share the link for that portfolio,
anyone who has the link
can view it.
• Public means that anyone with Internet access could
potentially view your portfolio
simply by conducting a search using a keyword that happens to
be included in your
portfolio. The person searching would not need the link to
access your portfolio.
It is highly recommended that you keep your privacy settings

Private.
Note: When you access the privacy settings, you will notice that
in addition to the Private
or Public Portfolio visibility settings, additional settings are
listed. These features have not
yet been completely instituted by Capella at this time, so do not
make any changes unless
requested to by your instructor.
Add a Title and a description or
purpose for your new ePortfolio.
Click Next.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Use the Style & Settings tab to verify or change the privacy
settings.
1. Click Style & Settings.
2. Click Portfolio Settings.

3. Select Private.
4. Click Done Editing.
8
ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
ADDING WORK TO A PORTFOLIO
Remember, you can add many different types of files to an
ePortfolio, including images,
video or audio recordings, documents, presentations, and web
links. There are also many
ways to add content.
If the portfolio to which you want to add content is not already
open, you can access your
ePortfolios from your My Profile page by clicking on the
portfolio.
From the Portfolio page, go to the Edit page to add content to
your ePortfolio.
Click the portfolio image, or the
title of the portfolio, to open it up.

Click Edit.
If the portfolio is empty,
you can also click Edit
Your Portfolio.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
The Edit Page: Add Work
On the Edit page, you can easily edit the title and description of
your portfolio. The page is
also where you would add content using the Drag and Drop
Your Files area, or the Add Work
tab on the sidebar to the right.
The most common ways to add content to an ePortfolio are to
drag and drop your files, to
upload files, or to add them from the My Pathbrite Library.
These options are covered below.

Select Industry
Sometimes, while you are working with
portfolios, a window will display that will ask
“What Industry is this Portfolio made for?” The
window prompts you to select an industry.
This feature is not being used by Capella, so
you can dismiss the screen.
Edit the title and
description.
Drag and drop your
files into this area.
Content can also
be added using the
Add Work tab.
Click the X, or click Done
to dismiss this window.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

Drag and Drop Your Files
To use the drag and drop method to add files to your ePortfolio,
open the location on your
computer where the file is located, and then drag it to the Drag
and Drop Your Files area.
Click Done Editing if no more files will be added.
Upload Files
Use the Add Work tab of the right sidebar to
upload files to your ePortfolio. A file folder will
open.
3. Drop your files into
the gray shaded area.
1. Select the desired file.
2. Drag the file.
1. Click Upload Files.

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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
In the window that opens, navigate to the desired file, and select
it to Open.
The portfolio displays with your uploaded document.
3. Click Open.
2. Select the desired file.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Add Files to My Library

There may be times when you want to upload files to ePortfolio,
but you do not want to
place them in a specific portfolio yet. This can be done by
adding the files to the ePortfolio
library.
The library can always be accessed from the My Account drop-
down menu in the upper right
corner of any ePortfolio screen.
When My Library displays, you may find that there are already
files there. This is because
anytime you add a file to a portfolio it is added to the library.
Click My Account and then
select My Library.
Click Add to Library.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

The Add to Library window displays. From here, you can add
files from your computer, as
well as from several other popular sites such as Google Drive
and YouTube. You can add a
web link, or even write text directly to the library. Most often,
however, you will be adding
files from your own computer or Google Drive.
Click My Computer.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
In the window that opens, navigate to the desired file, and select
it to Open.
The library displays with your uploaded document.
Click Open.
Select the desired file.

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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Add Files to a Portfolio From My Library
Once you have files in the ePortfolio library, you can add them
to any portfolio. You can
even add the same file to multiple libraries as needed.
From the My Profile page, select the portfolio to which you
want to add library files.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

your ePortfolio.
Use the Add Work tab of the right sidebar to select My
Pathbrite Library.
Click Edit.
If the portfolio is empty,
you can also click Edit
Your Portfolio.
Click My Pathbrite Library.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

On the Import from your library window, select the file you
want to add to your portfolio.
You can select more than one. Selected files will be indicated
by a yellow checkmark in the
upper right corner of the file image.
Click Add to Portfolio.
Click the file images or titles of
the files to be added to the
portfolio.
The yellow checkmark
indicates the document
has been selected.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
The portfolio displays with your document(s) added.

Click Done Editing.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
EDITING AND ORGANIZING PORTFOLIOS
As you add work to ePortfolio, you will discover the need to
manage your portfolios, and the
files in them, to make it easier to find and share your work.
This can be done through
creating and applying categories, as well as adding titles, tags,
and descriptions to
individual files. You can even edit how your portfolios look to
make them more visually
appealing and easier to sort through.
If the portfolio you want to edit is not already open, you can
access your portfolios from
your My Profile page by clicking on the portfolio.
your ePortfolio.

Click Edit.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
The Edit Page: Style & Settings
On the Edit page, you can easily edit the title and description of
your portfolio. The page is
also where you would access the Style & Settings tab. From
there, you can:
• Change the look of your portfolio (Layout and Theme).
• Organize your portfolio (Categories).
• Edit privacy settings (Portfolio Settings).
• Add contacts. (Contact Links).
The portfolio can
also be edited

using the Style &
Settings tab.
Click Style & Settings
to open the tab.
Edit the portfolio
title and
description.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Edit File Titles, Tags, and
Descriptions
From the Edit page of the Portfolio
view, the property information can be
edited for each individual file in the
portfolio. This information includes the
title, tags, and description.

When you open the Editing Item screen, you will notice that the
Title defaults to the file
name. This can be replaced with a more descriptive title.
Highlight the file Title and
type in the new title.
Click in the Description field
to add the file description or
purpose.
Click the file image to
edit the file properties.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

Tags
Tags are terms or keywords that are added to the file to make it
easier to find by browsing
or searching. In the Edit pane on the right side of the screen,
when you click in the Tags
field, ePortfolio displays several preset tags that you can select,
or you can create a new
tag. You can add multiple tags to a single file.
Some common types of tags you might use for your files include
the course number, the
specialization outcome (SO) number the file demonstrates, or a
keyword or phrase that will
help you search for the file later.
Click in the
Tags field
and begin
typing to
create a
new tag.
Select one
of the preset
tags.
If you added
a new tag,
click Create
a new tag.

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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Click Save.
Verify that
the Title,
Tags and
Description
are correct.
Click Done
Editing Item.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

Edit Categories
In ePortfolio, adding a category and assigning it to a file is
another way to organize your
work and will help you quickly find and share your portfolios.
Note: If you have worked in
the older version of ePortfolio, you can think of categories as
similar to how folders were
used.
One common use for categories might be for your specialization
outcomes. By creating a
category for each outcome in your specialization program, and
then assigning the
appropriate category to each file in ePortfolio, you can easily
find the files you need to
demonstrate competency when you are working on a Capstone
course.
To edit the categories, select one of your portfolios and go to
the Style & Settings tab of the
Edit Page.
The Edit Categories window will display.
Click Style & Settings.
Click Edit Categories.

Click Categories.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
On the Edit Categories window, you will notice a set of default
categories. In most cases,
you will want to replace this list with your own, custom set of
categories.
Click Current
Categories.
Select Custom.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL

As soon as you begin typing in the custom category field, an
empty category field will
appear below the one in which you were typing. Each new
category will be automatically
assigned a color to differentiate it. Continue adding all your
categories and save.
Enter your first
custom category.
Click Save.
Enter all of your
custom categories.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Assign Categories to Files
Once you have created or edited your category list, you can
assign them to the files in your
portfolio. You can assign the same category to multiple files,
and you can add more than
one category to the same file, if applicable.

With the category selected, a plus sign (+) will appear as you
hover your cursor over the
file image. You will notice that the plus sign is that same color
as the dot next to the
selected category. Click the file, and the category is assigned.
Remove Assigned Categories from Files
To remove an assigned category from a file in your portfolio,
the steps are virtually the
same as when you are assigning a category.
With the category selected, a minus sign (-) will appear as you
hover your cursor over the
file image. Click the file, and the category is removed.
Select the category.
Click the desired file.
Click Done Editing.
Select the category.
Click the desired file.
Click Done Editing.

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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Back on the Portfolio screen, the categories that have been
assigned to files will now be
displayed above the file images. Click the category to view the
files assigned to it.
Click the category to
view assigned files.
Hover over the category,
and the full category
name will be displayed.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Edit How Your Portfolio Looks

There are some additional options on the Style & Settings tab
that you can use to change
the appearance of your portfolio.
Portfolio Layout
The Layout setting allows you to change how files are displayed
within a portfolio.
Portfolio Theme
The Theme setting changes the color scheme of your portfolio.
Click the desired
Layout option.
Click Done Editing.
The file arrangement
changes each time a
different Layout
option is selected.
Click the desired
Theme option.
Click Done Editing.
The color scheme
changes each time a

different Theme
option is selected.
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ePORTFOLIO TUTORIAL
Edit Contact Links
The Contact Links setting allows you to edit
your e-mail address. You can also delete it so
that it does not appear on a portfolio.
You can also add additional contact links,
including a phone number, LinkedIn profile link,
Facebook link, Web page, Twitter link, et cetera.
Be sure to click Save after adding or editing any
contact links before you click Done Editing.
Click Done Editing.
Edit your e-mail address.

Click + ANOTHER CONTACT.
Then select the type of contact,
and add the link.
Click Save.
Click the
Trash icon
to delete a
contact link.
Getting Started with Pathbrite ePortfolioAccessing
ePortfolioThe My Profile PageCreating a PortfolioPrivacy
SettingsAdding Work to a PortfolioThe Edit Page: Add
WorkSelect IndustryDrag and Drop Your FilesUpload FilesAdd
Files to My LibraryAdd Files to a Portfolio From My
LibraryEditing and Organizing PortfoliosThe Edit Page: Style &
SettingsEdit File Titles, Tags, and DescriptionsTagsEdit
CategoriesAssign Categories to FilesRemove Assigned
Categories from FilesEdit How Your Portfolio LooksPortfolio
LayoutPortfolio ThemeEdit Contact Links
Windows Summary Review
A. Define the following terms.
Application Flip Ctrl + A Ctrl +T

Cortana Folder Ctrl + B Ctrl +U
Desktop Menu Bar Ctrl + C Ctrl + X
Desktop background Operating System Ctrl + I Ctrl + Y
File Recycle Bin Ctrl + N Ctrl + Z
File Explorer Snap Ctrl + N (Internet Shortcut) Ctrl + Alt +
Delete
Firewall Taskbar Ctrl + O Windows
Flash Drive Task view Ctrl + S Windows 10
B. Explain the following questions.
1. When selecting multiple files from a folder, which key on the
keyboard do you press and hold to select
certain files at once time?
2. What three buttons make up a window?
When selecting a group of files from a folder, which key on the
keyboard do you press and hold after you
click the first file to the last file?
3. How do you safely remove a a flash drive?
4. What is the easiest way to rename a file?
5. When you delete a folder, will the folder delete all the files
inside the folder? Explain.

6. When selecting all the files in a folder, which key on the
keyboard do you press and hold down?
7. What are the three common places to look for files when you
are unaware of their location?
8. What view should the desktop be in order to use the virtual
desktop?
C. Label the following.
D. Indicate the difference in the windows.
Which image indicates the window is resized, moved, or in
snap?
A. B. C.
A._____________ D._______________
B._____________ E._______________
C._____________ F._______________
Navigating Windows:
Managing Windows

Tips for Managing Multiple Windows
Windows 10 has several features that make it easier to multi-
task and work with multiple windows at the same time.
Multiple Desktops and Task View
Instead of keeping everything open on the same desktop, you
can move some of your windows to a virtual desktop to get them
out of the way. And the new Task view feature makes it easy to
manage all of your open windows.
Snap
Snap allows you to resize windows quickly, which is especially
convenient when you want to see two windows side by side. To
do this, click and drag the desired window to the left or right
until the cursor reaches the edge of the screen, then release the
mouse. The window will snap into place. To unsnap a window,
simply click and drag the window down. If you have more than
one window open when snapping, you'll be to able to choose a
window to snap to the other side of the screen automatically.

Flip
You can use Flip to switch between open windows. To do this,
press and hold the Alt key on your keyboard, then press the Tab
key. Continue pressing the Tab key until the desired window is
selected.
Task View
The Task view feature is similar to Flip, but it works a bit
differently. To open Task view, click the Task view button near
the bottom-left corner of the taskbar. Alternative, you can press
Windows key+Tab on your keyboard. All of your open windows
will appear, and you can click to choose any window you want.
Virtual Desktops
Instead of keeping everything open on the same desktop, you
can move some of your windows to a virtual desktop to get them
out of the way. This feature wasn't available in previous
versions of Windows, and it's especially helpful for managing a
lot of windows at the same time. To create a new desktop, open
Task view, then select New desktop near the bottom-right
corner.

Virtual Desktops
Once you've created multiple desktops, you can use Task view
to switch between them. You can also move windows between
desktops. To do this, open Task view, then click and drag a
window to the desired desktop.
Virtual Desktops
To close a virtual desktop, open Task view and click the X in
the upper-right corner of any desktop you want to close.
Computer Basics:
Getting Started with the Internet
What is the Internet?
The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer networks
that connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals.

With the Internet, it's possible to access almost any information,
communicate with anyone else in the world, and much more.
You can do all of this on your computer.
Connecting to the Internet
A device has to be connected to the Internet before you can
access it. If you plan to use the Internet at home, you'll usually
need to purchase an Internet connection from an Internet service
provider (ISPs), which will likely be a phone company, cable
company, or the government.
An ISP is a business that provides individuals and organizations
access to the Internet free or for a fee which is sometimes called
an Internet access provider.
Other devices usually connect through Wi-Fi or cellular Internet
connections. Sometimes libraries, cafes, and schools offer free
Wi-Fi for their patrons, customers, and students.
Internet Service Providers
ISPs often charge a fixed amount of an Internet connection,
offering customers a variety of plans based on desired speeds,
bandwidth, and services.
Bandwidth represents the amount of data that travels over a
network. A higher bandwidth means more data transmits. Data
sizes typically are stated in terms of megabytes and gigabytes.
Other devices usually connect through Wi-Fi or cellular Internet
connections. Sometimes libraries, cafes, and schools offer free
Wi-Fi for their patrons, customers, and students.

Types of Internet services
The type of Internet service you choose will largely depend on
which Internet service providers (ISPs) serve your area, along
with the types of service they offer. Here are some common
types of Internet service:
Dial-up
DSL
Cable
Satellite
3G and 4G
Dial-up
This is generally the slowest type of Internet connection, and
you should probably avoid it unless it is the only service
available in your area. Dial-up Internet uses your phone line, so
unless you have multiple phone lines you will not be able to use
your landline and the Internet at the same time.
DSL
DSL service uses a broadband connection, which makes it much
faster than dial-up. DSL connects to the Internet via a phone
line but does not require you to have a landline at home. And
unlike dial-up, you'll be able to use the Internet and your phone

line at the same time.
Cable
Cable service connects to the Internet via cable TV, although
you do not necessarily need to have cable TV in order to get it.
It uses a broadband connection and can be faster than both dial-
up and DSL service; however, it is only available where cable
TV is available.
Satelitte
A satellite connection uses broadband but does not require cable
or phone lines; it connects to the Internet through satellites
orbiting the Earth. As a result, it can be used almost anywhere
in the world, but the connection may be affected by weather
patterns. Satellite connections are also usually slower than DSL
or cable.
3G and 4G
3G and 4G service is most commonly used with mobile phones,
and it connects wirelessly through your ISP's network.
However, these types of connections aren't always as fast as
DSL or cable. They will also limit the amount of data you can
use each month, which isn't the case with most broadband plans.

Domain Names and IP Addresses
The Internet relies on an addressing system much like the postal
service to send data and information to a computer or device at
a specific destination. An IP address, short for Internet Protocol
address, is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies the
location of each computer or device connected to the Internet.
An IP address usually consists of four groups of numbers, each
separated by a period.
A domain name is the text version of an IP address. The suffix
of the domain name, called top-level domain (TLD), identifies
the type of organization associated with the domain.
IP address 72.14.207.66
Domain name www.google.com
Domain Names and IP Addresses
Popular TLDsTLDIntended Purpose.comCommercial
organizations, businesses, and companies.eduEducation
institutions.govGovernment agencies.milMilitary
organizations.netNetwork providers or commercial
companies.orgNonprofit organizations
What part of the Internet is the web?
The World Wide Web is one of the more widely used Internet
services. The World Wide Web (short for web) is a global

library of information available to anyone connected to the
Internet.
The web consists of worldwide collection of electronic
documents. Each electronic document on the web is called a
webpage, which can contain text, graphics, audio, and video.
Browsing the web
Most information on the Internet is on websites. A website is a
collection of related webpages, which are stored on a web
server. A web server is a computer that delivers requested
webpages to your computer or mobile devices.
Once you are connected to the Internet, you can access websites
using a kind of application called a web browser. A web
browser is a software that enables users with an Internet
connection to access and view webpages on a computer of
mobile device. The web browser itself is not the Internet, but it
displays pages on the Internet. Some widely used browsers
include Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, and Google Chrome.
URLs and the address bar
Each website has a unique address, called a web address or URL
(short for Uniform Resource Locator). It's like a street address
that tells your browser where to go on the Internet. When you
type a URL into the browser's address bar and press Enter on
your keyboard, the browser will load the page associated with
that URL.
In the example below, we've typed www.bbc.com/travel into the

address bar.
URLs and the address bar
A web address consist of a protocol, domain name, and
sometimes the host name, path to a specific webpage or file
name of the webpage. The http, which stands for Hypertext
Transfer Protocol, is a set of rules that defines how webpages
transfer on the Internet. The text between the protocol and the
domain name, called the host name, identifies the type of
Internet server.
http://www.bbc.com/travel/columns/culture-identity.htm
protocol
domain name
host name
path
webpage name

Links
Whenever you see a word or phrase on a website that's blue or
underlined in blue, it's probably a hyperlink, or link for short.
You might already know how links work, even if you've never
thought about them much before.
Links are a built-in connection to other documents, graphics,
audio files, videos webpages, or websites. When you click a
link, it will usually take you to a different webpage. You may
also notice that your cursor changes into a hand icon whenever
you hover over a link.
Navigation Buttons
The Back and Forward buttons allow you to move through
websites you've recently viewed. You can also click and hold
either button to see your recent history.
The Refresh button will reload the current page. If a website
stops working, try using the Refresh button.

Tabbed browsing
Desktop browsers typically support tabbed browsing, where the
top of the browser shows a tab (similar to a file folder tab) for
each webpage you display. You can open as many links as you
want, and they'll stay in the same browser window instead of
cluttering your screen with multiple windows.
To create a new blank tab, click the button to the right of any
open tabs.
Saving Images
Sometimes you may want to save an image from a website to
your computer. To do this, right-click the image and select Save
image as (or Save picture as).
Plug-ins
Plug-ins are small applications that allow you to view certain
types of content within your web browser. For example, Adobe
Flash and Microsoft Silverlight are often used to play videos,
while Adobe Reader is used to view PDF files.
If you don't have the correct plug-in for a website, your browser
will usually provide a link to download it.

Searching the Web
A search engine is a program that finds Web sites, Web pages,
images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a
specific topic.
Search Engine
OperatorsOperatorDescriptionExamplesExplanationSpace or
+Display search results that include specific wordsart + music
art musicResults have both words, art and music, in any
order.ORDisplay search results that include only one word from
a listdog OR puppy
dog OR puppy OR canineResults have either the word, dog, or
the word puppy or the word canine.()Combine search results
that include specific words with those that include only one
word from a listKalamazoo Michigan (pizza OR subs)Results
include both words, Kalamazoo Michigan , and either the word,
pizza or the word subs.-Exclude a word from search
resultsautomobile
-convertibleResults include the word, automobile, but do not
include the word, convertible.“ ”Search for an exact phrase in a
certain order“19th century literature”Results include the exact
phrase, 19th century literature*Substitute characters in place of
the asteriskwriter*Results include any word the begins with
text, writer
Other Internet Services
E-mail (short for electronic mail) is the transmission of
messages and files via a computer network.
A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a
single name, so that everyone on the list receives a message

sent to the list.
Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications
service that notifies you when one or more people are online.
A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits
users to conduct real-time typed conversations.
VoIP (Voice over IP, or Internet Protocol), also called Internet
telephony, enables users to speak to other users over the
Internet, instead of the public switched telephone network.
A newsgroup is an online area in which users have written
discussions about a particular subject.
A message board is a Web-based type of discussion group that
is easier to use than a newsgroup.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits
file uploading and downloading with other computers on the
Internet.
The Rules of Netiquette
Netiquette, which is short for Internet etiquette, is the code of
acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the Internet.
Netiquette rules include:
Keep messages short Clearly identify a
spoiler
Be polite Read the FAQ
Avoid sending flames or spam Do not assume
material is accurate or up-to-date
Use emoticons and acronyms Never read someone’s
private email

Computer Basics:
Introduction to Computers
Computer Literacy
Because technology changes, you must keep up with the
changes to maintain digitally literate. In order to be digitally
literate, you must have computer literacy.
Computer literacy involves the understanding and knowledge of
computers, the Internet , and any other technologies.
It is vital in today’s world because computers have become a
part of everyday life.
What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates
information, which operates under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory. It has the ability to store, retrieve,
and process data. You may already know that you can use a
computer to type documents, send email, play games, and
browse the Web. You can also use it to edit or create
spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos.

Watch the video below to learn about different types of
computers.
The Relationship Between Data and Information
Computers process data(input) into information(output) and
often store the data resulting information for future use.
THE FOUR MAIN FUNCTIONS OF A COMPUTER:
ACCEPT data
PROCESS data
PRODUCE results
STORE results
Data is a collection of unprocessed items such as text, numbers,
images, audio or video.
Information conveys meaning to users.
Hardware vs. software
Before we talk about different types of computers, let's talk
about two things all computers have in common: hardware and
software.
Everything you do on your computer will rely on both hardware
and software. For example, right now you may be viewing this
lesson in a web browser (software) and using your mouse
(hardware) to click from page to page. As you learn about
different types of computers, ask yourself about the differences
in their hardware. As you progress through this tutorial, you'll
see that different types of computers also often use different

types of software.
Hardware vs. software
Hardware is any part of your computer that has a physical
structure, such as the keyboard or mouse. It also includes all of
the computer's internal parts, which you can see in the image
below.
Software is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what
to do and how to do it. Examples of software include web
browsers, games, and word processors. Below, you can see an
image of Microsoft PowerPoint, which is used to create
presentations.
Five Components of a Computer
INPUT DEVICES: any hardware component that allows you to
enter data and instructions into the computer (ex. scanner,
keyboard, mouse)
OUTPUT DEVICES: any hardware component that conveys
information to one or more people (ex. printer, monitor,
speakers)
SYSTEM UNIT: a case that contains the electronic components
of the computer that are used to process data (ex. motherboard)
STORAGE DEVICE: holds data, instructions, and information

for future use (ex. USB flash drive, memory cards)
COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE: a hardware component that
enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data,
instructions, and information to and from one or more
computers or mobile devices (ex. modem)
What are the different types of computers?
When most people hear the word computer, they think of a
personal computer such as a desktop or laptop. However,
computers come in many shapes and sizes, and they perform
many different functions in our daily lives. When you withdraw
cash from an ATM, scan groceries at the store, or use a
calculator, you're using a type of computer.
Desktop computers
Many people use desktop computers at work, home, and school.
Desktop computers are designed to be placed on a desk, and
they're typically made up of a few different parts, including the
computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
Laptop computers

The second type of computer you may be familiar with is a
laptop computer, commonly called a laptop. Laptops are
battery-powered computers that are more portable than
desktops, allowing you to use them almost anywhere.
Tablet computers
Tablet computers—or tablets—are handheld computers that are
even more portable than laptops. Instead of a keyboard and
mouse, tablets use a touch-sensitive screen for typing and
navigation. The iPad is an example of a tablet.
Servers
A server is a computer that serves up information to other
computers on a network. For example, whenever you use the
Internet, you're looking at something that's stored on a server.
Many businesses also use local file servers to store and share
files internally.
Other types of computers

Many of today's electronics are basically specialized computers,
though we don't always think of them that way. Here are a few
common examples.
Smartphones: Many cell phones can do a lot of things computers
can do, including browsing the Internet and playing games.
They are often called smartphones.
Wearables: Wearable technology is a general term for a group
of devices—including fitness trackers and smartwatches—that
are designed to be worn throughout the day. These devices are
often called wearables for short.
Game consoles: A game console is a specialized type of
computer that is used for playing video games on your TV.
PCs and Macs
This type of computer began with the original IBM PC that was
introduced in 1981. Other companies began creating similar
computers, which were called IBM PC Compatible (often
shortened to PC). Today, this is the most common type of
personal computer, and it typically includes the Microsoft
Windows operating system.
The Macintosh computer was introduced in 1984, and it was the
first widely sold personal computer with a graphical user
interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey), which is an interface that
gives benefits of windows, icons, and buttons. All Macs are
made by one company (Apple), and they almost always use the
Mac OS X operating system.
Personal computers come in two main styles: PC and Mac. Both
are fully functional, but they have a different look and feel, and
many people prefer one or the other.

Navigating Windows:
Common Computer Tasks
Common Computer Tasks
Learning how to use a computer can feel overwhelming at
times. Fortunately, there are some common computer skills that
will work the same way in almost any situation. Once you learn
how to use these skills, you'll be able to use them to perform a
variety of tasks on your computer. In this lesson, we'll talk
about some common commands you can use in almost any
application, including cut, copy, paste, and undo.
The Menu Bar
Most applications have a Menu bar at the top of the window.
Each menu has a set of commands that will perform a specific
action within the program. While each application is different,
there are some common commands that work the same way, no
matter which application you're using. Whenever you open a
program for the first time, try clicking these menus to see the

various options available.
File Menu Commands
You'll find the File menu on the leftmost side of the Menu bar
in almost every application. The File menu will usually have the
same type of commands. For example, you can create a new file,
open an existing file, and save the current file, among other
functions.
Cut, Copy, and Paste
Many applications allow you to copy items from one place and
then paste them to another. For example, if you're working with
a word processor, you might copy and paste text to avoid typing
the same thing over and over. If there's something you want to
move from one place to another, you can cut and paste instead.
To copy and paste
Select the item you want to copy. In our example, we'll select a
word in a document.
Right-click the mouse and select Copy from the menu that
appears. You can also press Ctrl+C on your keyboard.

To copy and paste
3. Locate and right-click the desired location for the item, then
select Paste. You can also press Ctrl+V on your keyboard.
To copy and paste
4. The item will be copied to the new location. Notice how the
original text that was copied has not been moved or changed.
To cut and paste
Select the item you want to cut. In our example, we'll select a
paragraph of text in a document.
Right-click the mouse and select Cut from the menu that
appears. You can also press Ctrl+X on your keyboard.

To cut and paste
3. Locate and right-click the desired location for the item, then
select Paste. You can also press Ctrl+V on your keyboard.
To cut and paste
4. The item will be pasted, or moved, to the new location. In
our example, we used the cut and paste commands to move the
second paragraph above the first paragraph.
To copy and paste files
You can use the cut, copy, and paste commands for a variety of
tasks on your computer. For example, if you wanted to create a
duplicate copy of a file, you could copy it from one folder to
another.
Right-click the file and select Copy from the menu that appears.
You can also press Ctrl+C on your keyboard.

2. Locate and right-click the new location, then select Paste.
You can also press Ctrl+V on your keyboard. In our example,
we'll paste the file to the desktop.
3. The duplicate file will appear. Notice how the original file
has not been moved or changed. Also, note that if you make a
change to the original file, it will not update any copies of that
file.
4. The duplicate file will appear. Notice how the original file
has not been moved or changed. Also, note that if you make a
change to the original file, it will not update any copies of that
file.

Undoing changes
Let's say you're working on a text document and accidentally
delete some text. Fortunately, you won't have to retype
everything you just deleted! Most applications allow you to
undo your most recent action when you make a mistake like
this. Just locate and select the Undo command, which is usually
in the upper-left corner of the window near the Menu bar. You
can also press Ctrl+Z on your keyboard. You can continuing
using this command to undo multiple changes in a row.
!Note that the Undo command will work almost all of the time,
but not in every situation. For example, if you empty the
Recycle Bin to permanently delete a file, you can't undo the
action.
Keyboard Shortcuts in Windows
Keyboard shortcuts are keys or a combination of keys you can
press on your keyboard to perform a variety of tasks. Using
keyboard shortcuts is often faster than using a mouse because
you can keep both hands on the keyboard. Keyboard shortcuts
are also universal, which means you can use many of the same
shortcuts in a variety of applications. For example, you can use
the shortcuts to copy and paste text in a word processor and in a
web browser.
Using Shortcuts
Many keyboard shortcuts require you to press two or more keys

in a specific order. For example, to perform the shortcut Ctrl+X,
you would press and hold the Ctrl key, then press the X key,
then release.
You'll use the Ctrl (Control) or Alt key to perform most
keyboard shortcuts. You'll find these keys near the bottom-left
corner of your keyboard.
Working with Text
These keyboard shortcuts are useful when working with text in
word processors, email applications, and more. They can help
you perform commonly repeated tasks, like copying and pasting
text.
Ctrl+X: Cut the selected text.
Ctrl+C: Copy the selected text.
Ctrl+V: Paste the copied or cut text.
Ctrl+A: Select all of the text on the page or in the active
window.
Ctrl+B: Bold the selected text.
Ctrl+I: Italicize the selected text.
Ctrl+U: Underline the selected text.
Working with Files and Applications
You can use keyboard shortcuts to open, close, and switch
applications. When working with a file, like a Microsoft Word
document, shortcuts can be used to create new files, find words,
and print.

Ctrl+Alt+Delete: Force an unresponsive or frozen program to
quit. This keyboard shortcut opens the Task Manager. You can
then select the unresponsive application and close it. If you
have an account on the computer, you can sign out with the
same keys.
Working with Files and Applications
Delete: Send a selected file or files to the Recycle Bin.
Enter: Open a selected application or file.
Ctrl+N: Create a new file.
Ctrl+O: Open an existing file.
Ctrl+S: Save the current file.
Ctrl+Z: Undo the previous action. If you want to redo the
action, press Ctrl+Y.
Windows key: Open the Start menu (or the Start screen in
Windows 8).
Internet Shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts can also be used to navigate your web
browser. Many of the text shortcuts above are also useful
online, like the shortcuts for selecting, copying, and pasting text
into your web browser's address bar. Note that some of these
shortcuts may work a bit differently depending on the web
browser you're using.

Ctrl+N: Open a new browser window.
Ctrl+T: Open a new browser tab.
Internet Shortcuts
Ctrl+D: Bookmark the current page.
Ctrl+B: View bookmarks.
Ctrl+J: View recently downloaded files.
Using the Alt key to Navigate Menus
When you press the Alt key, you will have access to all of the
menus in the current application. This means you can perform
almost any task with just your keyboard. For example, you can
type Alt+F+X to quit an application. When performing these
shortcuts, you will not need to hold down the Alt key.

Using the Alt key to Navigate Menus
When you press the Alt key, you will have access to all of the
menus in the current application. This means you can perform
almost any task with just your keyboard. For example, you can
type Alt+F+X to quit an application. When performing these
shortcuts, you will not need to hold down the Alt key.
Finding More Keyboard Shortcuts
In many applications, you'll find keyboard shortcuts next to
menu items.
In some applications, you may need to hover over a button to
display its keyboard shortcut.

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