This document discusses compressed air energy storage (CAES). It provides an overview of CAES operation and examples, including the McIntosh, Alabama CAES plant. The McIntosh plant stores compressed air in an underground cavern with a volume of 580,000 cubic meters. It has a power output of 110MW for 26 hours. The document also discusses the ADELE Adiabatic Energy Storage Project and advantages of CAES such as reducing costs, quick start-up times, and shifting energy production from off-peak to peak times. It concludes that CAES is an area of ongoing research and development that could help integrate renewable energy sources by providing energy storage.

1. Compressed Air Energy Storage
PRESENTED BY: (Group no- 6)
 HAQUE MD RASHIDUL 13-24186-2
 HASAN HASIBUL 13-25213-3
 Chowdhury, Mohammamd Raziuddin 13-24059-2
PRESENTED TO:
RETHWAN FAIZ

2. Overview
 CAES Operation
 CAES Examples
 McIntosh, Alabama
 ADELE Adiabatic Energy Storage Project
 Advantages of CAES
 Conclusions

3. CAES Operation Compression

4. CAES Operation
Generation

5. McIntosh CAES Plant
 Built in 1992 in McIntosh, Alabama.
 Part of a factory consisting of two conventional gas turbines.
 Start-up time of 14 minutes when first built.
Dresser-rand now boast 10 minutes to full power generation (5
minutes in emergency) and only 4 minutes to full compression
operation.

6. McIntosh CAES Plant
 Facts and Figures
 Cavern volume:
≈ 580,000m3
 Cavern Depth
Top – 450m
Bottom – 750m
 Pressure
Operational Pressure – 70 Bar
 Cost
1991 - $65million = £43million
Today ≈ $108million = £71million

7. McIntosh CAES Plant
 Facts and Figures
 Power Output
Power – 110MW
Duration – 26 hours
Energy Output – 2,860,000kWh
 Cycle Efficiency
54%

8. Advantages of CAES
 Reduces the costs in having no storage at all, thus reducing wind curtailment.
 In 2011, wind farms were paid £25million to not produce electricity due to
extortionately high costs set by the wind farm operators.
 This money could be spent on installing CAES systems and so the turbines
would be able to store the energy produced, thus eliminating costs for shut-
down.
 Reduced emissions associated with the energy produced by conventional methods.
 Storing energy that would otherwise be wasted results in a reduction in
emissions due to needless further production.
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9. Advantages of CAES
 Quick start-up time.
0%-100% can be achieved in 10 minutes.
50%-100% can be achieved in 15 seconds.
 Vast areas in which the system could be implemented
80% of US territory has geology suitable for CAES.
There just needs to be a proven technology with high efficiency
that could be applied to the possible sites.
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10. Advantages of CAES
 Shift of cheap off-peak energy to expensive peak energy.
CAES uses excess energy at off-peak times to compress air.
It then generates electricity at times of peak demand, when
electricity prices can be 4 or 5 times as high.
It is this difference in electricity price that generates income
for the cavern operators.
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11. Advantages of CAES Using Salt Caverns
 Flexibility
 Operate under very high pressure and so can very quickly accept or
deliver large amounts of air and hence can cope with the
intermittency of generation requirements caused by renewable
sources.
 Cycling
 Traditional gas caverns can traditionally only inject in the summer
and withdraw in the winter
 Base Gas
 Caverns must be primed with a base pressure of gas, which is lower
in salt caverns than it is with typical caverns, resulting in a higher
proportion of working gas from the cavern.
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12. Conclusions
 As can be seen through the examples provided throughout this
presentation, compressed air energy storage is an area of heavy
research with projects being set up by a number of companies.
 The original technology is already proven by the plants at Huntorf
and McIntosh, and now with advancements in technology far greater
efficiencies can be achieved.
 CAES systems provide an area of Engineering that could become
the focal-point for many years to come, with investments richly
rewarding.
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13. Thank you
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Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems Worldwide