This document discusses CAD CAM dentistry and digital impressions. It begins by comparing traditional dentistry and CAD CAM dentistry, noting advantages of digital impressions like decreased turnaround time, improved accuracy and fewer remakes. It then reviews several studies showing digital impressions are more accurate and comfortable for patients. The document outlines the basic components of CAD CAM systems including scanners, design software and milling machines. It discusses open vs closed architecture systems and chairside vs lab-based production. Recent advances in digital impression technology like powder-free scanning and continuous color imaging are also summarized.

1. CAD CAM Dentistry
and
Digital Impression

2. Greetings from AECS Maaruti
College of Dental Sciences
Bangalore

4. Dentistry v/s CAD CAM Dentistry

5. “Lemon”
Dr. Werner Mörmann,
Dr. Marco Brandestini,
Dr. Alain Ferru

6. Applications of CAD CAM dentistry

7. Impression
A negative likeness or copy in reverse of the
surface of an object ; imprint of teeth and adjacent
structures for use in dentistry. GPT – 8

8. Conventional v/s Digital
• The digital impression cuts down turnaround time
• more comfortable for the patient
• gives more accurate fit and remakes are fewer
• improves dentist/lab communication
• gives a competitive advantage

9. Year, first author Test variability Conclusion
2014, Svanborg etal Marginal fit, Digital
and conventional
impression
The digital impression is more accurate and
can generate a 3unit FDPs with significantly
closer fit than VPS impression
2014, Yuzbasigolu
etal
Patient comfort,
effectiveness,
clinical outcome
The digital impression is time effective and
patient prefer digital impression method than
the traditional one.
2014, Ender etal Accuracy of digital
and conventional
impression
The digital impression showed excellent
clinical results within their indications and
applying the right technique of scanning
2013, Lee etal Digital impression
perception of
student and
clinician
The digital impression was most effective
technique and students find difficulty in
conducting traditional technique.
2012, Galhano etal Optical impression
methods
The digital impression was speed, effective
and less invasive than traditional methods.
2010,Poticny etal Predictability and
esthetic out comes
The digital impression allows immediate
evaluation of preparations and margins

10. Digital Impression
Basic components of CAD CAM involves:
1. Digitalized Scanner
• Optical Scanner
• Mechanical scanner
2. Design Software
3. Processing Device or Computer numeric control
machine
“ Could cavities be scanned by ultrasound ? ”

11. Optical Scanner
• Based on the principle of triangulation
• The light source and the receptor unit are in a
definite angulation in relation to each other
Eg: Everest scan, Lava Scan, es1
Mechanical Scanner
• The master cast is read mechanically line by line
by means of a ruby ball
• The 3D structure is measured
Eg: Procera scanner

12. Open v/s. Closed Architecture
Based on data files created :
• Open-architecture files, typically termed STL files,
are not dependent on the manufacturer, and can be
used virtually in any design software to fabricate a
final restoration
• Closed-system software architecture collects and
manipulates data modules by the same
manufacturer, offering laboratory owners security
and a one-stop for resolving problems

13. Based on the location of
processing unit
• Chairside Production
• Laboratory Production
• Centralised fabrication in production
centre

14. Chairside digital impression systems with
laboratory transfer capability
i-Tero Lava C.O.S CEREC AC

15. Features Candent i-Tero 3M Lava C.O.S Sirona CEREC AC
Optical
technology
Parallel confocal /
telecentric
Wavefront Sampling
technology
LED / Laser sampling
Powder
requirement
No Yes Yes (optispray)
Models
Milled PU, removable
dies, soft tissue profile
Additive / SLA blue
resin one solid model
& one working model
Additive / SLA;
no tissue
Digital
interface
Open Closed ( LAVA) Closed
(CEREC In-Lab)
Articulators
All movements,
attachment to Whipmix
full articulator for
complex cases
Articulated;
Centric and lateral
excursions
Hinge only
Indications All Upto 4UB and
singles
All

16. Recent Advances

17. Features CEREC Omnicam CEREC Bluecam
Imaging technique Continuous color imaging
Continuous data acquisition
generates a 3D model
Single image acquisition
A few images are combined to
create a 3Dmodel
Patient counseling
mode
Yes -
3D scans in color Yes -
Powder usage - Yes
Area of application
Single tooth,
quadrant, full mouth
Single tooth,
quadrant (full mouth possible)
Advantages
• Unrivalled handling
• Powder free scanning
• Precise 3D images in
natural color
• High precision
• Ease of operation
• Rapid acquisition of power-
coated surfaces

18. Clinic and laboratory relationship
• Adopting CAD/CAM technology into a practice,
even at the highest level, does not have to mean
an end to the doctor-laboratory relationship
• The integration of digital scanning technology can
save time and reduce remake rates for the
laboratory.
• Digital scanning and digital photography both offer
the ability to convey accurate digital information
between the clinician and the laboratory technician
and vice versa

20. References
• Mörmann WH, The evolution of the CEREC
systemJADA 2006;137(9 supplement):7S-13S.
• Abduo J, Lyons K, Bennamoun M, Trends in
Computer-Aided Manufacturing in Prosthodontics: A
Review of the available streams, International
Journal of Dentistry Volume 2014, Article ID 783948,
15 pages
• Prajapati A etal, Dentistry Goes Digital: A Cad-Cam
Way- A Review Article IOSR-JDMS.Vol13, Iss8 Ver.
IV (Aug. 2014), PP 53-59

21. • Coppa A. et al. "Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry: Flint
tips were surprisingly effective for drilling tooth enamel in
a prehistoric population." Nature. Vol. 440. 6 April 2006.
• Lowe RA. CAD CAM dentistry and digital impression
making.
• Baroudi K., and S. N. Ibraheem. "Assessment of Chair-
side Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided
Manufacturing Restorations: A Review of the Literature."
Journal of international oral health: JIOH Vol 7 iss.4
(2015): 96-104.
• Harsono M etal. Evolution of Chairside CAD/CAM
Dentistry. Inside Dentistry October 2012, Vol 8, Iss 10