By the light of the moon a cedited - comparing earth and moon
1. By the Light
of the Moon
Comparing the Characteristics of the Earth and the Moon
2. By the Light of the Moon
• The Earth is the third planet from the sun.
• At about 12,756 km in diameter, the Earth is the
fifth largest planet in our solar system.
• The Earth has one natural satellite, the moon.
The diameter of the moon is about ¼ of the
diameter of the Earth.
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3. By the Light of the Moon
• About ¾ of the Earth’s
surface is covered with
water.
• There is no liquid water
on the moon. However,
scientists believe that
there may be some
frozen ice at the moon’s
poles.
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4. By the Light of the Moon
• Each day on Earth is
about 23.93 hours. (It
takes the Earth 23.93
hours to rotate once on its
axis.)
• The same side of the
moon always faces the
Earth.
• Standing on the moon, the
sky always appears dark,
even during the daytime.
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5. By the Light of the Moon
• It takes the Earth about 365 ¼ days, or one
year, to orbit the sun.
• It takes the moon about 29.5 days (one
month) to orbit, or revolve, around the Earth.
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6. By the Light of the Moon
• The temperature on Earth ranges from between -88°C to
58°C. The coldest recorded temperature was on the
continent of Antarctica (Vostok in July, 1983). The
hottest recorded temperature was on the continent of
Africa (Libya in September, 1922).
• The temperature on the Moon ranges from daytime
highs of about 130°C to nighttime lows of about -110°C.
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7. By the Light of the Moon
• The Earth's atmosphere is a thin layer of
gases that surrounds the Earth. It is
composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen,
0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and
trace amounts of other gases.
•The moon has little or no atmosphere. On the
moon, the sky is always dark, even on the
bright side (because there is no atmosphere).
Also, since sound waves travel through air,
the moon is silent; there can be no sound
transmission on the moon.
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8. By the Light of the Moon
• The Earth is the densest planet in our Solar System.
• To escape the Earth’s gravitational pull, a vehicle must
travel 11,180 m/sec.
• There is much less gravity on the surface of the moon. It
is about one-sixth of that on the Earth.
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9. By the Light of the Moon
• Mare (plural maria) means "sea," but maria are plains on
the moon.
• They are called maria because very early astronomers
thought that these areas on the moon were great seas.
• The first moon landing was in the Mare Tranquillitatis
(the Sea of Tranquility).
• Maria are concentrated on the side of the moon that
faces the Earth; the far side has very few of these plains.
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10. By the Light of the Moon
• The surface of the moon is scarred by millions of circular craters,
caused by the impacts of asteroids, comets, and meteorites.
• There is no atmosphere on the moon to help protect it from
bombardment from potential impactors like on the Earth (most
objects from space burn up in our atmosphere).
• Also, there is no erosion (wind or precipitation) to wear away these
craters, so they remain unchanged until another new impact
changes it.
• These craters range in size up to hundreds of kilometers, but the
most enormous craters have been flooded by lava, and only parts of
the outline are visible. The biggest unflooded lunar crater is Clavius
which is 160 km in diameter.
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11. 1. A rock is taken
from the surface of
the moon and
brought to Earth.
What is different
about this rock on
Earth?
A Its mass
B Its shape
C Its length
D Its weight
12. 1. A rock is taken
from the surface of
the moon and
brought to Earth.
What is different
about this rock on
Earth?
A Its mass
B Its shape
C Its length
D Its weight
13. 2. Tides on the
Texas coast
usually occur
twice —
A daily
B weekly
C monthly
D yearly
14. 2. Tides on the
Texas coast
usually occur
twice —
A daily
B weekly
C monthly
D yearly
15. 3. Which of these causes
day and night on Earth?
A Earth orbiting the
sun
B The moon orbiting
Earth
C Earth rotating on its
axis
D The moon blocking
sunlight
16. 3. Which of these causes
day and night on Earth?
A Earth orbiting the
sun
B The moon orbiting
Earth
C Earth rotating on its
axis
D The moon blocking
sunlight
17. 4. This model can be used to
show how the moon moves
around Earth. This model also
shows all of the following
EXCEPT —
A the amount of light Earth
reflects
B the land areas of Earth
and the moon
C how the moon makes a
revolution
D how Earth and the moon
compare in size
18. 4. This model can be used to
show how the moon moves
around Earth. This model also
shows all of the following
EXCEPT —
A the amount of light Earth
reflects
B the land areas of Earth
and the moon
C how the moon makes a
revolution
D how Earth and the moon
compare in size
19. 5. What is the
Earth’s only natural
satellite called?
A The sun
B The moon
C Mercury
D Asteroids
20. 5. What is the
Earth’s only natural
satellite called?
A The sun
B The moon
C Mercury
D Asteroids
21. 6. What force keeps
the distance between
the Earth and the
moon constant?
A Thrust
B Friction
C Gravity
D Acceleration
22. 6. What force keeps
the distance between
the Earth and the
moon constant?
A Thrust
B Friction
C Gravity
D Acceleration
23. 7. Astronauts walking
on the moon must
wear helmets. What is
different about the
helmets on the moon?
A Mass
B Color
C Weight
D Shape
24. 7. Astronauts walking
on the moon must
wear helmets. What is
different about the
helmets on the moon?
A Mass
B Color
C Weight
D Shape
25. 8. Many events on
Earth occur in cycles.
Which of the following
occurs about once
every 28 days during
the lunar cycle?
A The seasons
B A new moon
C Day and night
D High tides
26. 8. Many events on
Earth occur in cycles.
Which of the following
occurs about once
every 28 days during
the lunar cycle?
A The seasons
B A new moon
C Day and night
D High tides
27. 9. Why are there no
clouds on the moon?
There is—
A no liquid water on
the moon
B no solar energy
on the moon
C no living things on
the moon
D no gravity on the
moon
28. 9. Why are there no
clouds on the moon?
There is—
A no liquid water on
the moon
B no solar energy
on the moon
C no living things on
the moon
D no gravity on the
moon
29. 10. Why do you see more
impact craters on the moon’s
surface than on the Earth’s
surface?
A. The moon is hit by more
meteors since it is further out in
space than Earth.
B . Meteors hitting the moon
make deeper craters than
meteors hitting Earth.
C . The moon’s soil is softer than
Earth’s, so the craters are deeper.
D . Weathering and erosion
smoothed out many craters on
the Earth’s surface.
30. 10. Why do you see more
impact craters on the moon’s
surface than on the Earth’s
surface?
A. The moon is hit by more
meteors since it is further out in
space than Earth.
B . Meteors hitting the moon
make deeper craters than
meteors hitting Earth.
C . The moon’s soil is softer than
Earth’s, so the craters are deeper.
D . Weathering and erosion
smoothed out many craters on
the Earth’s surface.