Bunion Presentation
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Here are the slides I use to go over with patients bunion surgery. You also will see a video of this presentation if you would like.
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Hallux valgus (bunion)
Hallux valgus is a deformity where the great toe is laterally deviated and a bony prominence develops over the medial aspect of the first metatarsal head. It has multiple components and is caused by an unopposed adductor muscle and other anatomical variants. Treatment involves both soft tissue procedures like a McBride or Silver procedure for mild cases, and bone procedures like a chevron, Mitchell, or Keller osteotomy for more severe cases. The choice of procedure depends on factors like the patient's age, degree of deformity, and presence of arthritis.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common cause of knee pain in children aged 10-15 years, characterized by gradual onset of pain below the kneecap. It is caused by forceful contractions of the quadriceps muscle pulling on the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon, which can cause small fractures or inflammation in the growing bone. Diagnosis is typically made clinically based on the age of the patient, location of pain, and tenderness over the tibial tuberosity. Treatment involves reducing activity, pain management, and physiotherapy. The condition is usually self-limiting and resolves within a year as the bone matures.
Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis. It begins by providing a brief history and definitions. It then discusses the blood supply of the femoral head and covers traumatic vs. non-traumatic causes. Risk factors for atraumatic osteonecrosis like corticosteroids, alcohol abuse, smoking, and others are outlined. The pathophysiology section explores theories of arterial occlusion, fat emboli, and increased bone marrow pressure as causes. Signs and symptoms, diagnostic imaging methods, staging classifications, and non-operative and operative treatment options are summarized.
Flat foot By Dr.Mahbub
Flat foot, also known as pes planus, is a condition where the arch of the foot collapses, causing the entire sole of the foot to touch the ground. It can be congenital or acquired later in life. Flexible flat foot can be corrected by dorsiflexing the toes while rigid flat foot cannot. Treatment depends on the type and severity, ranging from exercises and orthotics to reconstructive surgery like triple arthrodesis for rigid flat foot. The goal is to relieve pain by restoring the arch alignment and motion of the foot.
Chondromalacia patellae
Chondromalacia patellae is a condition that causes pain behind or around the kneecap. It occurs when the soft cartilage underneath the kneecap wears down over time. The document discusses this common knee condition and is written by Dr. Rachita Hada, an orthopedic physical therapist and lecturer at C.M. Patel College of Physiotherapy.
Meniscus injury
This document discusses meniscus injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and functions of the medial and lateral meniscus. Common types of meniscal tears are described based on location and pattern. Physical exam maneuvers for diagnosing meniscal tears include Thessaly test, McMurray's test, and Apley's grinding test. MRI is the most sensitive imaging method. Treatment involves initial rest, ice, and NSAIDs for minor tears. Surgery options include partial meniscectomy, meniscal repair, or meniscal transplantation for more severe tears. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
Arthrodesis
Arthrodesis refers to the surgical fusion of a joint. It is indicated for pain and instability in the joint. With improvements in joint replacement surgery, arthrodesis is now less commonly performed. It permanently relieves pain by fusing the bones and eliminating joint movement, at the cost of stiffness. The optimal positions for fusing different joints are described. Common complications include malposition and nonunion.
Hallux valgus.pptx
This document provides an overview of hallux valgus, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points include:
- Hallux valgus is a lateral deviation of the great toe and medial deviation of the first metatarsal. It can cause pain over the bunion.
- Risk factors include heredity, footwear, ligament laxity, and pes planus. Diagnosis involves examining range of motion, deformity, and taking x-rays to measure angles.
- Treatment progresses from footwear modifications and stretching to various surgical procedures depending on severity, including distal soft tissue procedures, osteotomies, and joint fusion or replacement in severe cases.
Recommended
Hallux valgus (bunion)
Hallux valgus is a deformity where the great toe is laterally deviated and a bony prominence develops over the medial aspect of the first metatarsal head. It has multiple components and is caused by an unopposed adductor muscle and other anatomical variants. Treatment involves both soft tissue procedures like a McBride or Silver procedure for mild cases, and bone procedures like a chevron, Mitchell, or Keller osteotomy for more severe cases. The choice of procedure depends on factors like the patient's age, degree of deformity, and presence of arthritis.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common cause of knee pain in children aged 10-15 years, characterized by gradual onset of pain below the kneecap. It is caused by forceful contractions of the quadriceps muscle pulling on the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon, which can cause small fractures or inflammation in the growing bone. Diagnosis is typically made clinically based on the age of the patient, location of pain, and tenderness over the tibial tuberosity. Treatment involves reducing activity, pain management, and physiotherapy. The condition is usually self-limiting and resolves within a year as the bone matures.
Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head
This document discusses avascular necrosis of the femoral head, also known as osteonecrosis. It begins by providing a brief history and definitions. It then discusses the blood supply of the femoral head and covers traumatic vs. non-traumatic causes. Risk factors for atraumatic osteonecrosis like corticosteroids, alcohol abuse, smoking, and others are outlined. The pathophysiology section explores theories of arterial occlusion, fat emboli, and increased bone marrow pressure as causes. Signs and symptoms, diagnostic imaging methods, staging classifications, and non-operative and operative treatment options are summarized.
Flat foot By Dr.Mahbub
Flat foot, also known as pes planus, is a condition where the arch of the foot collapses, causing the entire sole of the foot to touch the ground. It can be congenital or acquired later in life. Flexible flat foot can be corrected by dorsiflexing the toes while rigid flat foot cannot. Treatment depends on the type and severity, ranging from exercises and orthotics to reconstructive surgery like triple arthrodesis for rigid flat foot. The goal is to relieve pain by restoring the arch alignment and motion of the foot.
Chondromalacia patellae
Chondromalacia patellae is a condition that causes pain behind or around the kneecap. It occurs when the soft cartilage underneath the kneecap wears down over time. The document discusses this common knee condition and is written by Dr. Rachita Hada, an orthopedic physical therapist and lecturer at C.M. Patel College of Physiotherapy.
Meniscus injury
This document discusses meniscus injuries of the knee. It describes the anatomy and functions of the medial and lateral meniscus. Common types of meniscal tears are described based on location and pattern. Physical exam maneuvers for diagnosing meniscal tears include Thessaly test, McMurray's test, and Apley's grinding test. MRI is the most sensitive imaging method. Treatment involves initial rest, ice, and NSAIDs for minor tears. Surgery options include partial meniscectomy, meniscal repair, or meniscal transplantation for more severe tears. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent further joint damage.
Arthrodesis
Arthrodesis refers to the surgical fusion of a joint. It is indicated for pain and instability in the joint. With improvements in joint replacement surgery, arthrodesis is now less commonly performed. It permanently relieves pain by fusing the bones and eliminating joint movement, at the cost of stiffness. The optimal positions for fusing different joints are described. Common complications include malposition and nonunion.
Hallux valgus.pptx
This document provides an overview of hallux valgus, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Key points include:
- Hallux valgus is a lateral deviation of the great toe and medial deviation of the first metatarsal. It can cause pain over the bunion.
- Risk factors include heredity, footwear, ligament laxity, and pes planus. Diagnosis involves examining range of motion, deformity, and taking x-rays to measure angles.
- Treatment progresses from footwear modifications and stretching to various surgical procedures depending on severity, including distal soft tissue procedures, osteotomies, and joint fusion or replacement in severe cases.
Tuberculosis of hip
Tuberculosis of the hip is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It typically affects people aged 20-30 years old. The infection spreads hematogenously from a primary focus and causes destruction of bone and joints over several years. Clinical features include limping, decreased range of motion, and deformities in advanced cases. Imaging shows osteopenia, joint space narrowing, and bone erosion. Treatment involves chemotherapy for at least 6-9 months along with local measures like joint aspiration and traction. Surgery may be needed for debridement, arthrodesis, or arthroplasty in advanced cases.
Colles' fracture
Mahashin akond presented on Colles' fracture, which is a break in the distal part of the radius bone 2.5cm above the articular surface. Colles' fractures most commonly occur in young adults and those over 40 years old from falls or direct blows. Treatment involves reduction, immobilization with a plaster cast or surgery, followed by physiotherapy to regain range of motion, strength, and function. Complications can include malunion, tendon rupture, osteoporosis, and delayed healing, though most fractures heal within 6-8 weeks with proper treatment and rehabilitation.
Coccydynia
Coccydynia is pain arising from the coccyx or tailbone that is commonly caused by trauma, infection, or idiopathic factors. It presents as pain localized to the coccyx that is exacerbated by sitting, standing from sitting, intercourse, defecation, and menstruation. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays, CT, or MRI. Conservative treatments like anti-inflammatories, cushions, and physical therapy resolve most cases, but injections or coccygectomy may be used if conservative options fail.
Mallet finger
Mallet finger, or drop finger, is a deformity of the finger caused by damage to the extensor tendon below the DIP joint, preventing straightening of the fingertip. It most commonly occurs in the long, ring, or small finger of the dominant hand in young males after the fingertip is forcibly bent backwards. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury but generally involves splinting the finger to keep the DIP joint straight as the tendon heals, usually for 6-8 weeks. Surgery may be needed for open injuries, large bone fragments, or if non-surgical treatment is unsuccessful. Complications can include an extensor lag deformity or swan neck deformity if not properly
Neuropathic (Charcots) joints
Jean-Martin Charcot first described neuropathic arthropathy in 1868. It is a progressive joint condition characterized by dislocations, fractures, and deformities that results from sensory or autonomic neuropathy from various conditions like diabetes, MS, alcoholism, etc. The pathophysiology involves both repetitive microtrauma from loss of sensation and an inflammatory process induced by neurovascular changes. It commonly affects the foot, knee, and hip. Diagnosis is made clinically and radiographically, showing features like joint destruction and deformity. Treatment involves casting, bracing, and surgery like fusion for advanced cases.
Scheuermann's disease
Scheuermann's disease is a spinal deformity in which the front of the spine does not grow as quickly as the back, causing excessive curvature of the thoracic spine (kyphosis). It typically occurs during periods of bone growth between ages 12-14. Symptoms may include back pain, difficulty breathing, and muscle spasms. Treatment depends on the degree of curvature but may include exercises, bracing, medication, or surgery to reduce the deformity.
Osteochondritis dessicans
Osteochondritis Dessicans is a pathological condition characterized by separation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone from the joint surface. It most commonly affects the knee, especially the medial femoral condyle. The exact etiology is unknown but repetitive trauma is a major risk factor. Diagnosis is made through imaging like MRI and arthroscopy. Treatment depends on the age, location, and stability of the lesion. Conservative treatment is usually attempted first for juvenile OCD while unstable or large lesions in adults typically require surgical intervention such as drilling, fixation, or restorative techniques like microfracture or osteochondral grafting.
smith fractures
Smith fractures are fractures of the distal radius where the distal fragment is displaced anteriorly, opposite to a Colles' fracture. They account for less than 3% of radius fractures and occur most commonly in young males and elderly females. Smith fractures can be extra-articular, intra-articular, or a fracture-dislocation. Patients present with wrist injury and a 'garden spade' deformity rather than the 'dinner fork' deformity of a Colles' fracture. X-rays show the distal fragment displaced anteriorly. Treatment involves closed reduction, casting, and possible fixation for unstable fractures.
chondromalacia patellae
Chondromalacia patellae, also known as runner's knee, is a softening and roughening of the cartilage under the kneecap caused by mechanical overload of the patellofemoral joint. Symptoms include pain in front of or beneath the kneecap that is aggravated by activity like climbing stairs. Examination may reveal tenderness under the kneecap edge or crepitus with knee movement. Conservative treatments include rest, ice, strengthening exercises, and anti-inflammatory medication. Surgery to realign or elevate the patella may be considered if conservative treatments fail after 6 months.
Pott’s fracture
ANKLE FRACTURES
Pott’s fracture
A Pott’s fracture is a type of ankle fracture that is characterized by a break in one or more bony prominences on the sides of the ankle known as the malleoli.
Also known as Broken Ankle, Ankle Fracture and malleolar fracture.
Pott’s fracture often occurs in combination with other injuries such as a sprained ankle or other fractures of the foot, ankle or lower leg.
Tuberculosis of joint
Joint tuberculosis can affect many joints including the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. It typically presents with joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. Diagnosis involves x-rays showing signs of bone erosion or destruction, synovial fluid analysis, and biopsy. Treatment consists of 6-9 months of standard anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. Surgery may be needed in some cases if the joint is severely destroyed or if symptoms do not improve with medical management alone. Proper treatment can help preserve joint function, but untreated tuberculosis can lead to significant deformity and loss of function.
Deformities of the Foot
This document provides information on examining the foot, including anatomical features, common deformities, and examination techniques. It describes examining the child's foot for clubfoot and conditions like varus of the heel. Common mature foot issues are explored, such as hallux valgus, pes planus, claw toes, and hammer toes. Examination of movements, classifications of foot deformities, and specific conditions like flat foot are covered. Surgery for hallux valgus is also discussed.
Heel pain
Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain that results from inflammation of the plantar fascia ligament in the foot. It occurs most often in runners and can be caused by repetitive stress or overload on the plantar fascia from increased physical activity or being overweight. Symptoms include pain along the bottom of the heel that is worse with first steps in the morning or after periods of rest. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, strengthening the foot muscles, and modifying activities to avoid reinjury through rest, ice, stretching, orthotics, and shoe modifications.
Tennis elbow
Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a tendinopathy of the extensor tendons of the forearm caused by repetitive strain from activities like tennis or manual labor. It presents as lateral elbow pain that is exacerbated by wrist extension movements. While the name suggests it is caused by tennis, 95% of cases occur in non-tennis players engaged in repetitive arm motions. Treatment begins conservatively with rest, ice, braces, and physical therapy, while corticosteroid injections provide temporary pain relief. Surgery is considered if conservative measures fail after 6-12 months.
perthes disease
This document provides an overview of Legg Calve Perthes disease, including its definition, demographics, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, classifications, management, and surgical procedures. Some key points:
- It is avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children, most common in ages 4-8 years. Positive family history and low birth weight are risk factors.
- Clinical features include hip/thigh pain aggravated by movement. Imaging shows stages from avascular necrosis to fragmentation to regeneration/healing.
- Conservative management includes bracing for young/mild cases. Surgical containment is used for more severe/older cases to encourage spherical remodeling.
- Procedures
Chest Wall Deformity
This document discusses various chest wall deformities and conditions that affect the structure and function of the chest wall. It covers scoliosis, pectus excavatum, ankylosing spondylitis, flail chest, thoracoplasty, pectus carinatum, Poland Syndrome, and chest wall tumors. For each condition, it describes the presentation, pathophysiology, clinical features, treatment options, and relevant anatomy and imaging findings.
Volksmann contracture
Presented at Spanish Town Hospital, St. Catherine, JA.
presentation includes Physiotherapy management of this condition
Buergers disease by dr .ravinder narwal
Buerger's disease, also called thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), is an inflammatory vascular disease that causes the small and medium arteries of the limbs to narrow and become blocked. It most commonly affects the arteries in the legs and feet. The disease is more common in men than women and usually presents between the ages of 20-45. Smoking is a major risk factor, with over 99% of patients with Buerger's disease being smokers. Treatment focuses on cessation of smoking and may include medications to improve blood flow, surgical procedures, and rehabilitation involving exercise and mobility training.
Osteoarthritis knee,, pain management
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a degenerative joint disease affecting the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. It is more common in those over age 60 and females after menopause. Risk factors include obesity, previous knee injury, heredity, and muscle weakness. The pathophysiology involves biomechanical stress causing wear and tear of cartilage and bone. Patients experience pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. Treatment includes non-pharmacological measures, medications, injections, and surgery for advanced cases.
4. humerus fractures
Fractures of the humerus can occur in the proximal, midshaft, or distal regions. Proximal humerus fractures make up the majority and are often minimally displaced, allowing for nonoperative treatment with sling immobilization. Displaced proximal fractures are classified using Neer's system and may require open reduction and internal fixation. Midshaft fractures can cause radial nerve palsies and often are treated with splinting, while displaced fractures may need surgery. Supracondylar fractures in children frequently involve the elbow and are the most common type of elbow fracture in young kids.
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This document contains a summary of a lecture on emergency medicine topics related to the foot and ankle. It discusses ingrown toenails, including when antibiotics are needed and when part or all of the nail should be removed. It also covers topics like heel pain, stress fractures, warts, ulcers versus calluses, Charcot, and provides contact information for the lecturer to learn more.
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Tuberculosis of hip
Tuberculosis of the hip is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It typically affects people aged 20-30 years old. The infection spreads hematogenously from a primary focus and causes destruction of bone and joints over several years. Clinical features include limping, decreased range of motion, and deformities in advanced cases. Imaging shows osteopenia, joint space narrowing, and bone erosion. Treatment involves chemotherapy for at least 6-9 months along with local measures like joint aspiration and traction. Surgery may be needed for debridement, arthrodesis, or arthroplasty in advanced cases.
Colles' fracture
Mahashin akond presented on Colles' fracture, which is a break in the distal part of the radius bone 2.5cm above the articular surface. Colles' fractures most commonly occur in young adults and those over 40 years old from falls or direct blows. Treatment involves reduction, immobilization with a plaster cast or surgery, followed by physiotherapy to regain range of motion, strength, and function. Complications can include malunion, tendon rupture, osteoporosis, and delayed healing, though most fractures heal within 6-8 weeks with proper treatment and rehabilitation.
Coccydynia
Coccydynia is pain arising from the coccyx or tailbone that is commonly caused by trauma, infection, or idiopathic factors. It presents as pain localized to the coccyx that is exacerbated by sitting, standing from sitting, intercourse, defecation, and menstruation. Diagnosis involves physical exam, x-rays, CT, or MRI. Conservative treatments like anti-inflammatories, cushions, and physical therapy resolve most cases, but injections or coccygectomy may be used if conservative options fail.
Mallet finger
Mallet finger, or drop finger, is a deformity of the finger caused by damage to the extensor tendon below the DIP joint, preventing straightening of the fingertip. It most commonly occurs in the long, ring, or small finger of the dominant hand in young males after the fingertip is forcibly bent backwards. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury but generally involves splinting the finger to keep the DIP joint straight as the tendon heals, usually for 6-8 weeks. Surgery may be needed for open injuries, large bone fragments, or if non-surgical treatment is unsuccessful. Complications can include an extensor lag deformity or swan neck deformity if not properly
Neuropathic (Charcots) joints
Jean-Martin Charcot first described neuropathic arthropathy in 1868. It is a progressive joint condition characterized by dislocations, fractures, and deformities that results from sensory or autonomic neuropathy from various conditions like diabetes, MS, alcoholism, etc. The pathophysiology involves both repetitive microtrauma from loss of sensation and an inflammatory process induced by neurovascular changes. It commonly affects the foot, knee, and hip. Diagnosis is made clinically and radiographically, showing features like joint destruction and deformity. Treatment involves casting, bracing, and surgery like fusion for advanced cases.
Scheuermann's disease
Scheuermann's disease is a spinal deformity in which the front of the spine does not grow as quickly as the back, causing excessive curvature of the thoracic spine (kyphosis). It typically occurs during periods of bone growth between ages 12-14. Symptoms may include back pain, difficulty breathing, and muscle spasms. Treatment depends on the degree of curvature but may include exercises, bracing, medication, or surgery to reduce the deformity.
Osteochondritis dessicans
Osteochondritis Dessicans is a pathological condition characterized by separation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone from the joint surface. It most commonly affects the knee, especially the medial femoral condyle. The exact etiology is unknown but repetitive trauma is a major risk factor. Diagnosis is made through imaging like MRI and arthroscopy. Treatment depends on the age, location, and stability of the lesion. Conservative treatment is usually attempted first for juvenile OCD while unstable or large lesions in adults typically require surgical intervention such as drilling, fixation, or restorative techniques like microfracture or osteochondral grafting.
smith fractures
Smith fractures are fractures of the distal radius where the distal fragment is displaced anteriorly, opposite to a Colles' fracture. They account for less than 3% of radius fractures and occur most commonly in young males and elderly females. Smith fractures can be extra-articular, intra-articular, or a fracture-dislocation. Patients present with wrist injury and a 'garden spade' deformity rather than the 'dinner fork' deformity of a Colles' fracture. X-rays show the distal fragment displaced anteriorly. Treatment involves closed reduction, casting, and possible fixation for unstable fractures.
chondromalacia patellae
Chondromalacia patellae, also known as runner's knee, is a softening and roughening of the cartilage under the kneecap caused by mechanical overload of the patellofemoral joint. Symptoms include pain in front of or beneath the kneecap that is aggravated by activity like climbing stairs. Examination may reveal tenderness under the kneecap edge or crepitus with knee movement. Conservative treatments include rest, ice, strengthening exercises, and anti-inflammatory medication. Surgery to realign or elevate the patella may be considered if conservative treatments fail after 6 months.
Pott’s fracture
ANKLE FRACTURES
Pott’s fracture
A Pott’s fracture is a type of ankle fracture that is characterized by a break in one or more bony prominences on the sides of the ankle known as the malleoli.
Also known as Broken Ankle, Ankle Fracture and malleolar fracture.
Pott’s fracture often occurs in combination with other injuries such as a sprained ankle or other fractures of the foot, ankle or lower leg.
Tuberculosis of joint
Joint tuberculosis can affect many joints including the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle. It typically presents with joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. Diagnosis involves x-rays showing signs of bone erosion or destruction, synovial fluid analysis, and biopsy. Treatment consists of 6-9 months of standard anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. Surgery may be needed in some cases if the joint is severely destroyed or if symptoms do not improve with medical management alone. Proper treatment can help preserve joint function, but untreated tuberculosis can lead to significant deformity and loss of function.
Deformities of the Foot
This document provides information on examining the foot, including anatomical features, common deformities, and examination techniques. It describes examining the child's foot for clubfoot and conditions like varus of the heel. Common mature foot issues are explored, such as hallux valgus, pes planus, claw toes, and hammer toes. Examination of movements, classifications of foot deformities, and specific conditions like flat foot are covered. Surgery for hallux valgus is also discussed.
Heel pain
Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain that results from inflammation of the plantar fascia ligament in the foot. It occurs most often in runners and can be caused by repetitive stress or overload on the plantar fascia from increased physical activity or being overweight. Symptoms include pain along the bottom of the heel that is worse with first steps in the morning or after periods of rest. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, strengthening the foot muscles, and modifying activities to avoid reinjury through rest, ice, stretching, orthotics, and shoe modifications.
Tennis elbow
Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a tendinopathy of the extensor tendons of the forearm caused by repetitive strain from activities like tennis or manual labor. It presents as lateral elbow pain that is exacerbated by wrist extension movements. While the name suggests it is caused by tennis, 95% of cases occur in non-tennis players engaged in repetitive arm motions. Treatment begins conservatively with rest, ice, braces, and physical therapy, while corticosteroid injections provide temporary pain relief. Surgery is considered if conservative measures fail after 6-12 months.
perthes disease
This document provides an overview of Legg Calve Perthes disease, including its definition, demographics, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, classifications, management, and surgical procedures. Some key points:
- It is avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children, most common in ages 4-8 years. Positive family history and low birth weight are risk factors.
- Clinical features include hip/thigh pain aggravated by movement. Imaging shows stages from avascular necrosis to fragmentation to regeneration/healing.
- Conservative management includes bracing for young/mild cases. Surgical containment is used for more severe/older cases to encourage spherical remodeling.
- Procedures
Chest Wall Deformity
This document discusses various chest wall deformities and conditions that affect the structure and function of the chest wall. It covers scoliosis, pectus excavatum, ankylosing spondylitis, flail chest, thoracoplasty, pectus carinatum, Poland Syndrome, and chest wall tumors. For each condition, it describes the presentation, pathophysiology, clinical features, treatment options, and relevant anatomy and imaging findings.
Volksmann contracture
Presented at Spanish Town Hospital, St. Catherine, JA.
presentation includes Physiotherapy management of this condition
Buergers disease by dr .ravinder narwal
Buerger's disease, also called thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), is an inflammatory vascular disease that causes the small and medium arteries of the limbs to narrow and become blocked. It most commonly affects the arteries in the legs and feet. The disease is more common in men than women and usually presents between the ages of 20-45. Smoking is a major risk factor, with over 99% of patients with Buerger's disease being smokers. Treatment focuses on cessation of smoking and may include medications to improve blood flow, surgical procedures, and rehabilitation involving exercise and mobility training.
Osteoarthritis knee,, pain management
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a degenerative joint disease affecting the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. It is more common in those over age 60 and females after menopause. Risk factors include obesity, previous knee injury, heredity, and muscle weakness. The pathophysiology involves biomechanical stress causing wear and tear of cartilage and bone. Patients experience pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. Treatment includes non-pharmacological measures, medications, injections, and surgery for advanced cases.
4. humerus fractures
Fractures of the humerus can occur in the proximal, midshaft, or distal regions. Proximal humerus fractures make up the majority and are often minimally displaced, allowing for nonoperative treatment with sling immobilization. Displaced proximal fractures are classified using Neer's system and may require open reduction and internal fixation. Midshaft fractures can cause radial nerve palsies and often are treated with splinting, while displaced fractures may need surgery. Supracondylar fractures in children frequently involve the elbow and are the most common type of elbow fracture in young kids.
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Preventing falls and amputation prevention april 2013
This document discusses ways to prevent falls and foot wounds for those with diabetes. It notes that falls are the leading cause of injury deaths among older adults, with hip fractures being most common. Risk factors for falls include neuropathy, ankle instability, weakness, vision problems, foot deformities, environmental hazards, and certain medications. It recommends developing a fall risk plan that includes assistive devices, therapy, medical care, and podiatric evaluation. The document also outlines 3.5 ways to prevent foot wounds: examining feet daily, wearing proper shoes, trimming calluses professionally, and taking responsibility through self-education and regular medical checks. Four major reasons wounds don't heal fast are listed as high blood sugar, poor circulation, neuropathy, and
Flat feet and tendonitis
This document discusses flat feet and tendonitis in children, providing treatment recommendations over multiple visits including RICE, physical therapy, proper shoes, custom orthotics, and ankle foot orthoses (AFO) as needed. It was authored by podiatrist Donald Pelto and encourages learning more by visiting his website or contacting his office.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer Presentation
To learn more about diabetic foot wounds visit my website
www.healmyfootwoundfast.com
Educational power point on foot wounds relating to:
1. Obesity in America
2. The Epidemic of Diabetes
3. Complications of Diabetes
4. Cost Realities of Diabetes
5. Chronic Foot Ulcers
Dr. Donald Pelto
299 Lincoln Street Suite 202
Worcester, MA 01605
Healthcare Guide to Laser Treatment for Toenail Fungus
In this presentation you will discover:
2 - Ways to determine you have nail fungus
4 - Mistakes to avoid when treating nail fungus
4 - Step process for treating your fungal nails with laser therapy
Plantar fasciitis presentation
This document discusses plantar fasciitis, a common cause of heel pain. It begins by explaining that plantar fasciitis is pain in the heel and arch of the foot, especially upon waking or with the first steps of the day. It then covers the typical symptoms of plantar fasciitis such as heel pain that is worst with the first steps and located inside the arch or central heel. The document discusses that plantar fasciitis is often caused by activities like running that put too much stress on the feet too quickly, hard surfaces, or old shoes without proper support. It concludes by outlining common treatment options for plantar fasciitis that can be done at home or in the doctor's office, such
Comprehensive Diabetic Foot Examination
Presentation of information for a comprehensive diabetic foot examination that is used in conjunction with the exam. Healthcare guide to diabetes and your feet can be obtained at www.drpelto.com
Cold Injuries - Donald Pelto, DPM
This document summarizes various cold injuries and conditions including hypothermia. It discusses how the body loses heat and regulates core temperature. The signs and symptoms of mild, moderate, and severe hypothermia are provided. Treatment recommendations for hypothermia and other cold injuries like frostnip, frostbite, trench foot, and eye injuries are outlined.
Pies Sanos Con Diabetes
El documento proporciona información sobre el cuidado de los pies en pacientes con diabetes. Detalla varias condiciones dermatológicas y musculoesqueléticas comunes en los pies de pacientes diabéticos como úlceras, callos, deformidades y fracturas. También describe tratamientos como desbridamiento de heridas, calzado terapéutico, inyecciones de esteroides y cirugía para estas afecciones. El objetivo es ayudar a los pacientes diabéticos a mantener sus pies saludables y prevenir complicaciones.
Unimed Presentation - Dr. Donald Pelto
1. Diabetic foot ulcers are a common complication of diabetes, with an annual incidence of 1-4% and lifetime risk of 15-25%. Approximately 15% of diabetic foot ulcers result in lower extremity amputation.
2. Peripheral neuropathy is a major contributing factor in diabetic foot ulcers. The costs to treat a diabetic foot ulcer over a 2 year period following detection can be significant.
3. Five-year mortality rates for diabetes-related wounds and amputations are worse than some forms of cancer. Comprehensive diabetic foot examinations and appropriate footwear can help prevent ulcers.
Running without pain
Running form is key to avoiding foot pain. Maintaining a stable pelvis through engaged abdominal muscles prevents the upper body from leaning forward and reduces stress on the feet. Allowing the foot to land underneath the body in-line with proper form keeps the foot from overpronating and the toes from gripping the ground, avoiding injuries.
Amputation Prevention
Educational presentation on preventing amputations in patients with diabetes, neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease.
Common Foot Problems - Donald Pelto, DPM
This document discusses common foot problems and their treatments. It covers issues like plantar fasciitis, ingrown toenails, bunions, hammertoes, Morton's neuroma, and plantar warts. For each problem, it describes symptoms, causes, diagnosis methods, and potential home, office-based, and surgical treatments. It aims to inform readers about these foot conditions and help them better understand and manage their symptoms.
Diabetic Foot Lecture 2010
The document discusses current treatments and advanced therapies for diabetic foot complications, outlining risk factors like neuropathy and vascular issues that can lead to foot ulcers, and describing approaches to managing dermatological issues, nerve damage, musculoskeletal problems, vascular challenges, and proper shoegear through treatments like VAC therapy, debridement, dermal substitutes, revascularization, and diabetic footwear modifications.
Limb Loss Presentation
Dr. Donald Pelto discusses advances in preventing amputations for those with diabetes, noting that skin, nerves, bones, and blood vessels can be impacted. New treatments help wounds heal through synthetic skin substitutes, platelet-rich plasma therapy, and nail treatments. Advances also aid neuropathic feet through nerve fiber density tests, help manage Charcot foot through walking boots and surgery, and improve blood flow using devices like Silverhawk. Proper shoes, socks, and avoiding slippers can further reduce amputation risk.
Auburn VNA Presentation 2010
The document summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of common podiatric problems by Dr. Don Pelto. It discusses conditions such as plantar fasciitis, flat feet, Morton's neuroma, bunions, hammertoes, ulcers, and fractures. For each condition, it describes signs, symptoms, and treatment options including orthotics, padding, corticosteroid injections, and surgery. It emphasizes the importance of appropriate footwear, debridement, and patient education in preventing foot ulcers in diabetics.
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