So this is a power point I made. It is free for you to use as you see fit. It is to help prepare one and all for the proposed changes to the British Standard 7671 IET wiring regulations.
The content is based on the Draft for Public Comment (DPC) and all changes may not occur in the final published copy.
The presentation is in two parts, the first being the history of the IET and wiring regulations, the second being a summary (not all) of the proposed changes.
Insulation resistance measurements are performed to verify that the state of dryness of the insulation of the various Winding , Bushings and the core are of acceptable values. In these presentation we will discuss about basic Insulation resistance test carried out in a two winding transformer.
We break down what to look for when troubleshooting electrical faults. Learn more about troubleshooting logic and how it will help you identify common electrical faults.
Regards, Mr. SYED HAIDER ABBAS
MOB. +92-300-2893683 MBA in progress, NEBOSH IGC, IOSH, HSRLI, NBCS,GI,FST,FOHSW,ISO 9001, 14001,
'BS OHSAS 18001, SAI 8000, Qualified .
Insulation resistance measurements are performed to verify that the state of dryness of the insulation of the various Winding , Bushings and the core are of acceptable values. In these presentation we will discuss about basic Insulation resistance test carried out in a two winding transformer.
We break down what to look for when troubleshooting electrical faults. Learn more about troubleshooting logic and how it will help you identify common electrical faults.
Regards, Mr. SYED HAIDER ABBAS
MOB. +92-300-2893683 MBA in progress, NEBOSH IGC, IOSH, HSRLI, NBCS,GI,FST,FOHSW,ISO 9001, 14001,
'BS OHSAS 18001, SAI 8000, Qualified .
Every power supply depends upon a reliable infeed of electricity. Air circuit breakers reliably protect electrical installations against damage or fire as a result of short circuits, ground faults, or overload faults.
PPT on earthing, grounding and isolation made by the students of SVIT,Vasad under the valuable guidance of the faculties teaching us Electronics and Electrical workshop(EEW) under the course of GTU.
The technicians at Caddell Electric (http://dallaselectricrepair.com/) provide the best and most comprehensive commercial electrical services in the DFW Metroplex.
Switchgear and protection lecture 2 type of circuit breakers and applicationsanuphowlader1
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow.
Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2SvKI7eepP241VLoui1D5A
Complete Guide to Electrical Safety in the Workplacehudsonelectrical
The National Safety Council indicates that electrical hazards cause nearly one workplace fatality every day. Therefore electrical safety is especially important in the workplace. In this presentation here is a complete guide to workplace electrical safety. Visit: hudsonelectricalnb.com.au
Every power supply depends upon a reliable infeed of electricity. Air circuit breakers reliably protect electrical installations against damage or fire as a result of short circuits, ground faults, or overload faults.
PPT on earthing, grounding and isolation made by the students of SVIT,Vasad under the valuable guidance of the faculties teaching us Electronics and Electrical workshop(EEW) under the course of GTU.
The technicians at Caddell Electric (http://dallaselectricrepair.com/) provide the best and most comprehensive commercial electrical services in the DFW Metroplex.
Switchgear and protection lecture 2 type of circuit breakers and applicationsanuphowlader1
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow.
Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then must be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2SvKI7eepP241VLoui1D5A
Complete Guide to Electrical Safety in the Workplacehudsonelectrical
The National Safety Council indicates that electrical hazards cause nearly one workplace fatality every day. Therefore electrical safety is especially important in the workplace. In this presentation here is a complete guide to workplace electrical safety. Visit: hudsonelectricalnb.com.au
The presentation is based on the discussions about the safety in Power Plants and substations. The presentation is a part of the seminar on Electrical safety and reliability. The reporting of accidents was also discussed at length in the seminar
do you want to know about EICR test and cerificate, look no further. we are sharing information about EICR through this PPT.
and if you suspect that the electrical installation has been damaged or is faulty, an inspection should be performed by professional electrician. Contact certified electrician today https://www.electricworkslondon.co.uk/eicr-testing/
Introduction on indian codes as applied in electrical designAsif Eqbal
Introduction to Indian codes & regulation as applied in electrical design.
This PPT will provide information about role and utility of various codes being followed in India for electrical design
This PPT will also give sample details about lighting and grounding design
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
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BS 7671 - 18th Edition Widescreen PP Rev 4
1. BS 7671: Requirements for Electrical
Installations
The IET and the Proposed changes
What we know so far…
By Paul Meenan
2. PAUL MEENAN
• So why are you here?
• Who are The Institute of Engineering and Technology (IET)?
• History of BS 7671
• What are the wiring regulations to me?
• What are the duties under law?
• 18th Edition Draft for Public Comment (DPC), What do we know so far?
• Impacts of changes; Industry and the Client perspective!
• Next Steps!
Topics to Consider
3. PAUL MEENAN
• You are a duty holder and because ‘The ‘Wiring Regulations’, also known
as British Standard 7671 are being updated.
• As Duty Holders / Electricians etc. You want to discover how this ‘may’
impact your staff and the wider business.
• What as a business and individuals we need to do to prepare.
Why are you here?
4. • Originally called the Institute of Electrical
Engineers (IEE) formed in 1871.
• Then in 2006 the IEE merged with the Institute
of Incorporated Engineers (IIE).
• This formed the Institution of Engineering and
Technology (IET).
• The IET represents the engineering profession
in matters of public concern and assists
governments to make the public aware of
engineering and technological issues.
• It provides advice on all areas of engineering,
regularly advising Parliament and other
agencies.
Who are the IET?
5. • The Wiring Regulations were first issued in 1882 by the Society of Telegraph Engineers and of Electricians.
• Consisting of four pages and 21 regulations entitled - ‘Rules and Regulations for the Prevention of Fire Risks Arising from
Electric Lighting’; this is now referred to as the ‘first edition’.
History of BS 7671
6. • The first edition had requirements' for;
• Isolation, Regulation 7
• Mechanical protection and labelling, Regulation 17
• Periodic Inspection and Testing (now called EICR)
History of BS 7671
7. • The ‘rules’ document was updated many times until the 8th edition came out in 1924 where it was reprinted with the title
‘Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings’.
• It kept the name until 1981 when the ‘Fifteenth Edition’ was printed where it became known as the ‘Requirements for
Electrical Installations’.
• The ‘regs’, as they are known in the trade were again amended on numerous occasions until in 1991 they were re-
issued again under the title,
‘Requirements for Electrical Installations’ ~ IEE Wiring Regulations 16th Edition.
• In 1992 they gained the status of a British Standard and became know as BS 7671.
• They were amended three times, after which they were re-issued as BS 7671: 2001, after this two more amendments
(AMD) followed.
History of BS 7671
8. • There is a new edition out in 1st July 2018, This is to be called,
‘BS 7671: 2018 Requirements for Electrical Installations’ ~ IET Wiring Regulations Eighteenth Edition’
• Since the 15th edition the ‘regs’ have always been republished in a sequence of colour bound books;
Red, Green, Yellow, Blue, Brown.
History of BS 7671
1991
1994
1997
2001
2011
2015
2004
2008
2018
9. PAUL MEENAN
• They are defined as a Code of Practice, even though they are called ‘Regulations’ and are deemed a non-statutory
standard published by the BSi, they are used in the UK and across the world.
• The standard relates to design, selection and errection; and inspection and testing of electrical systems regardless of
whether the system is permanent or temporary.
• The regulations are the national standard used for electrical installations across the UK on voltages up to 1000V a.c. or
1500V d.c.
• Even though they are non-statutory, the have been referred to in extensive HSE/HSC guidance notes and the Electricity
Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 used by the electricity supply industry.
• You can be prosecuted for failure to comply under the Health and safety at work act section 17! It is universally accepted
that compliance with the document and its ‘requirements’ will enable you to comply with the Electricity at Work Regulations
1989.
What are theWiring Regulations to me?
10. What are duties under law?
• Legislation in layers!
• EAWR 1989, CDM 2015
• HSG Notes, memorandum on EAWR
• BS standards (7671)
• IET Guidance Notes 1-8
11. PAUL MEENAN
What are duties under law?
• In 1974 the Health and safety at Work Act etc. was published.
This imposes duties on employers and employees (Inc. self employed).
“It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health,
safety and welfare at work of all his employees”
• On April 1st 1990 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 were published.
This imposed a duty on people or ‘duty holders’, in respects of work activities on or near, systems,
electrical equipment and conductors.
12. PAUL MEENAN
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
“ If a requirement of the regulation is
‘absolute’, for example if the
requirement is not qualified by the
words so far as is reasonably
practicable, the requirement must be
met regardless of cost or any other
consideration”.
Hence the use of the word shall!....
What are duties under law?
So what regulations are an absolute...?
• 4 Systems, activities and protective equipment
• 5 Strength and capability of electrical equipment
• 8 Earthing
• 9 Integrity of conductors
• 10 Connections
• 11 Means of Protecting from Excess Current
• 12 Means of cutting off the supply for isolation
• 13 Precautions for work on equipment made dead
• 14 Working on or near live conductors
• 15 Work space access and lighting
• 16 Person to be Competent to undertake works
13. PAUL MEENAN
EAWR – Regulation 29
• In any proceedings for an offence consisting of
a contravention of regulations 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, it shall be a defence for any
person to prove that he took all reasonable
steps and exercised all due diligence to avoid
the commission of that offence.
Also review
• The Engineering Council, Competence Criteria
E5 for professional registered engineers!
What are duties under law?
In most cases,
designers/electricians/engineers are
employed to take all reasonable steps!
14. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
• The UK National Committee responsible for the Wiring Regulations is known as
JPEL 64
• CENELEC harmonisation mandates this committee to review and update BS 7671
accordingly to ensure alignment with the HD 60364 which is the EU version of IEC
60364.
• HD = Harmonised Documents
J Joint
P Power
EL Electrical
64 IEC designation for committees
dealing with low voltage
electrical installations
15. • Four panels inform the JPEL/64 board, who are the decision-making
committee of BS 7671:
Panel A –
Covers verification and inspection and testing (Part 6 and Appendix 6 of BS 7671) plus any work relating
to Parts 1, 2 and 3 of BS 7671.
Panel B –
Covers cable sizing and installation and related matters (some of Parts 4 and 5, Appendices 3 and 4
and some Part 7 items of BS 7671).
Panel C –
Covers earthing installations and related matters (some of Parts 4 and 5 and some Part 7 items of BS
7671).
Panel D –
Covers the remainder of Parts 4 and 5, some Part 7 items (and some Appendices of BS 7671).
What we know so far!
16. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Will Brexit effect the new version of the Regulations?
17. NO!
• CENELEC is a European organisation which has a membership of 33 European states.
• This is more than just the EU States and they all contribute to the CENELEC Standards.
• The consequences of Britain leaving the EU will not affect the UK membership of CENELEC,
subject to change! We Hope!
• While it is correct that the 18th Edition was being written and amended before the UK left the
European Union there is no significant indication at present that Brexit will change the
publication dates of the 18th Edition for July 2018 or the content of the new document.
What we know so far!
19. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far
18th Edition
8 Chapters
886 Pages
New Definitions
New Regulations
17TH Edition
7 Chapters
496 Pages
20. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 1 – Scope, Objectives and Fundamental Principles
• The use of the lower case a.c. & d.c.
• Now capitalised ‘AC & DC’ throughout the entire document!
21. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 1 – Scope, Objectives and Fundamental Principles
• Regulation 133.1.3 has been added to.
• Where equipment is not in accordance with Regulation 133.1.1 or is
used outside the scope of its standard, the designer or other person
responsible for specifying the installation shall conform that the
equipment provides at least the same degree of safety as that
afforded by compliance with the Regulations.
Such use is to be noted on the Electrical Installation Certificate
specified in part 6.
22. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 1 – Scope, Objectives and Fundamental Principles
• Regulation 110.11 - The long list of areas in scope now
includes onshore units for navigation vessels within scope.
• Regulation 120.3 – The list of chapters within the book now
includes first reference to a possible chapter 8 on energy
efficiency
23. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 2 – Expanded and Modified Definitions
• Combined Short Circuit Current Capability – Maximum short circuit current
which can be handled by two short circuit protective devices in series.
Combined short circuit protection.
• Overcurrent Co-ordination – In short circuit conditions, of two OCPDs in series,
resulting in a combined short circuit current capability higher than one OCPD
alone.
• Discrimination, replaced by Selectivity – Co-ordination of the operating
characteristics' of two or more protective devices such that, on the incidence of
overcurrents’ or residual currents within stated limits, the device intended to
operate within these limits does so, while the other(s) does (do) not.
24. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 2 – Expanded and Modified Definitions
• Foundation Earth Electrode – ‘Conductive part buried in the soil under a
building foundation or, preferably embedded in concrete of a building
foundation, generally in the form of a closed loop’.
• Non Compliance – A non conformity that may give rise to danger.
• Bonding Conductor – ‘a protective conductor providing equipotential bonding’.
Now ‘a protective conductor providing equipotential bonding for the purpose of
equalising potential differences of exposed and extraneous conductive parts’.
25. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 2 – Expanded and Modified Definitions
• Departure – Deliberate decision to not fully comply with the
requirements' of this standard, for which the designer must declare
that the resultant degree of safety is not less than that achievable by
full compliance’.
27. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 4 – Protection against electric shock
• Chapter 41 Lots of changes!
• RCDs – Regulation 411.3.3 The regulations requires RCD protection on all
socket outlets, risk assessment exemption is now deleted.
• RCDs – New Regulation 411.3.4 requires in domestic premises additional
protection by 30mA RCD for AC Final circuits supplying luminaires!
• Regulation 411.3.2.2 The maximum disconnection time shown in Table 41.1
now applies to circuits up to 63A with one or more socket outlets and 32A for
final circuits supplying fixed current using equipment. Used to be 32A
• TN 0.4s
• TT 0.2s
28. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 4 – Protection against electric shock
• Regulation 411.3.1.2 List metallic items that are
to be equipotential bonded within an installation,
however it now adds/states;
‘Metallic pipes entering the building having an
insulating section at their point of entry need not be
connected to the protective equipotential bonding’.
SO NO BONDING WATER AND GAS PIPE IF
INSULATED!
29. • Chapter 42 New Technology!
• A new regulation 421.1.7 – ARC fault protection devices (AFDD) conforming to BS
EN 62606 may be used to provide additional protection against fire caused by arc
faults in AC final circuits’
This was due to concerns around protection relating to fire caused by electrical
equipment, RCDs cannot detect series or parallel arcing because these faults do not
result in leakage current to earth.
What we know so far!
Chapter 4 – Protection against thermal effects
30. • Arc Fault Detection is known around the world as;
• AFD = Arc Fault Detection;
• AFDD = Arc Fault Detection Device;
• AFI = Arc Fault Interrupter;
• They are marketed as a Fire prevention device. They
are also seen as closing the gap in terms of electrical
protection, and can be used in domestic and non-
domestic installations.
• Made to standard BS EN 62606:2013
What we know so far!
What is Arc Fault Detection?
31. What we know so far!
What is Arc Fault Detection
32. • AFDD monitor three types of scenarios that could result in fire. They are;
1. Parallel arc detection, insulation between cores and phases cause a short circuit to weak
to be detected by a circuit breaker and with no earth leakage that would be picked up
by an RCD!
2. Series arc detection, a damaged conductor or connection that causes part of the current
to pass into its carbonized insulation due to temperature rise.
3. Overheating of electronic components in loads, when exposed to over voltage for
several seconds.
What we know so far!
What is Arc Fault Detection?
35. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Protection against overvoltages: will be changed fairly radically.
Clause 443
• Both IEC and CENELEC have published updates concerning overvoltage.
It is also apparent that protection against transient overvoltage will be
significantly changed in BS7671.
• AQ Criteria of App 5 is no longer needed (conditions of external influence
for lightning)
• Protection would have to be provided where the consequences affect
human life, public services and commercial &/or industrial activity.
• Risk assessment will need to be made as to whether protection is required
having considered the potential human and commercial consequences of
no protection.
36. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 5 – Selection and Erection
• 17th edition Amd 3 introduced,
Regulation 521.11 – ‘wiring in escape routes shall be supported such that they will
not be liable to collapse in the event of fire’
• This is now replaced by a new regulation
521.10.202 - Wiring systems shall be supported such that they will not be liable to
premature collapse in the event of a fire.
• This is huge change and applies throughout the install not just escape routes.
37. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 5 – Selection and Erection
• Bad Practice!
• Avoid please!
38. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 5 – Selection and Erection
• Chapter 53 Protection, isolation, switching, control and monitoring, this has been
extensively rewritten. Not a worry it brings back old parts once removed.
• 531.3.2 – Unwanted Tripping; requires designer to limit amount of downstream
current to not more than 30% of the RCD rating! It asks us to subdivide circuits
to eliminate or avoid nuisance tripping.
• 30mA = 9mA
• 100mA = 30mA
• 300mA = 90mA
39. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 5 – Selection and Erection
• Chapter 54 Earthing arrangements. MAJOR CHANGE!
• Regulation 542.1.201 states. ‘ The main earthing terminal shall be
connected with earth by one of the methods described in regulations 542.1
to 3.
• It then adds…
Additionally, there shall be an earth electrode, supplementing any earth
facility provided by the distributor, in accordance with requirements of
regulation 542.2.3, to prevent the appearance of dangerous step and touch
voltage in the event of the loss of the main connection to earth.
40. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 5 – Selection and Erection
• So, a 100A TN-S supply has a maximum allowed Ze of 0.8Ω
230V = 2.3Ω
100A
• So any earth rods would need to be 2.3Ω or below to enable supply fuse disconnection.
41. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 6 – Inspection and Testing
• Completely restructured to allow for CENELEC harmonisation!
• Chapters 61, 62, 63 have been deleted!
• Content of those chapters have been transferred into Chapters 64 and 65
• 64 - Initial Verification, 65 - Periodic Inspection and Testing.
• Regulation 641.5 For an addition or alteration to an existing installation, it shall
be verified that the addition or alteration complies with the regulations and does
not impair the safety of the existing installation. This links to 132.16!
• New requirement for polarity checks at origin of installation before energisation
required.
42. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 6 – Inspection and Testing
• Regulation 612.6 (17th edition) used to cover requirements for polarity testing,
• Regulation 643.6 add to this and states, Where relevant, the polarity of the supply at the
origin of the installation shall be verified before the installation is energised. Where single
pole switching devices are not permitted in the neutral conductor, a test shall be made to
verify that all such devices are connected in the line conductor(s) only. During the polarity
test, it should be verified that:
43. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 6 – Inspection and Testing
• New Regulations?
• 653.1 Upon completion of the periodic inspection and testing of an existing installation, an electrical
installation condition report shall be provided.
• 653.2 The report shall include the following:
• Details of those parts of the installation that have been inspected;
• Any limitations of the inspection and testing;
• Any damage, deterioration, defects or dangerous conditions;
• Schedules of inspection;
• Schedules of results of the appropriate test detailed in 643
• 653.3 The reports shall contain a recommendation for the interval until the next periodic inspection.
• 653.5 The report shall be compiled and signed or otherwise authenticated by one or more skilled
persons.
• 653.6 The report shall be given by a skilled person responsible for carrying out the inspection and
testing, or a skilled person authorised to act on their behalf, to the person ordering the inspection
and testing.
47. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
Chapter 7 – Special Locations
Section 753
Electrical Embedded heating
• Section 753 will be extended to include embedded electrical heating systems
for surface heating, and will include de-icing and frost prevention systems.
• Revisions will include regulations relating to the protection against the effects of
overheating caused by electrical short-circuits in embedded units and relating
to harmful influence between the heating system and other electrical and non-
electrical installations.
48. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
NEW CHAPTER 8
Energy efficiency
• This will form Section 8 of the Regulations – there are currently 7
sections
49. NEW CHAPTER!
Energy efficiency
• The brand new section will also be covering various topics, such as: electric
vehicles, smart metering, lighting, cable losses (loss of energy through cable),
transformer losses (loss of energy through the transformer) and power-factor
correction (how efficient the power generated is being converted into useful
energy)
• It will also cover how installations will be awarded points for their “energy
efficiency performance levels”. The points are added up along with points for
“efficiency measures”, which the installer can then give the electrical installation
an overall efficiency class (EIEC0 to EIEC4).
PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
50. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
NEW CHAPTER!
New Terminology
• Active electrical energy efficiency measures – measures for the optimisation of
electrical energy produced, supplied, flowing and consumed by an electrical
installation for the best permanent functionally equivalent service.
• Distribution system design. Design of cables and associated electrical equipment
for the distribution of electrical energy.
• Current using equipment – electrical equipment intended to convert electrical
energy into another form of energy, for example light, heat mechanical energy.
51. PAUL MEENAN
What we know so far!
NEW CHAPTER 8
Energy efficiency
• Recent surveys have branded this section not required nor wanted from
the trade.
• Some think its….
• Fact is the regulations are about safety and not energy efficiency.
53. PAUL MEENAN
Impact of Changes, Positive and negative
Ask yourself… what is a safe installation anymore!
• So now have to think to yourself; how does the changes effect me, my business?
• Ask yourself, why have the BSi and IET made the commenting system so difficult, when it was
more simple before! It is also less accessible by anyone who is not IT savvy!
• Who benefits from the changes proposed?
• Who has the time to read this, and then cross check between new and current editions to
understand the changes/Impacts before August deadline! Do clients, contractors?
• Does my installation now not comply? And does this mean I am in breach of the Electricity at
Work Regulations 1989….One would suggest NO!
• The next two slides are items you may wish to use to stimulate conversations' in your business.
54. PAUL MEENAN
Impact of Changes, Positive and negative
Clients / Industry / Electricians / Manufacturers
• Costs for re-training; - individuals, employers, client cost impacts.
• Costs for new books will be? More no doubt.. plus 9 guidance notes? Who pays
• New standard must be reviewed against ISO 55000 standard as to impact on bringing
current asset portfolio into compliance.
• All installations ‘may’ fail EICRs! Insurers may demand compliance at client costs!
• Revise specifications to define departures from whole sections of the standard?
• Should we seek to attain compliance with past standards, BS 7671 16th or 17th edition?
55. PAUL MEENAN
Impact of Changes, Positive and negative
Clients / Industry / Electricians / Manufacturers
• Should we seek to attain compliance with past standards, BS 7671 16th or 17th edition?
• New (possible sub-standard) products and points of failure being introduced.
• Manufacturers and governing bodies reputations’ could be being branded as self
perpetuating their own economy! Most committees are sat on by manufacturers.
• Designer has cart blanche to make decisions based on supply chain need and not clients
• Could have huge impact to Business Operations
• Huge confusion in supply chain as to CDM application as to design liability of roles!
56. PAUL MEENAN
Impact of Changes, positive and negative
• Seen to show lack of strong fundamental principles and being led by a lower standard, EU
driven mandate.
• BREXIT is also a mind-set! Users will push back post Brexit surely.
• Railways/Social Housing/Sectors will have to update standards, specifications and
guidance notes, who pays for that?
• Can be manipulated by suppliers, exemptions not checked, client may want full
compliance, designer may not have time!
• The current regulations are being breached by a weakened industry which is suffering with
competence issues, what makes these regs any better?
• How will these make the individuals better, hence improving the problem being seen
across the entire industry..
57. PAUL MEENAN
Impact of Changes, positive and negative
• Seen as sole opportunity to sell new products.
• Opportunity to import cheap products.
• Manufactures' can mark up new technology to cover cost of compliance testing.
• Industry will leave a huge gap between those trained on first principles!
• Possible rejection of the IET and Voluntary Regulatory bodies. Creation of unregulated
silos!
• Cause change fatigue across the industry!
• Reputational damage as new books will cost more!
58. PAUL MEENAN
So what Next
• Well lets hope the governing bodies are flat out trying to help all in the industry understand
and summarise the impacts so we may have a fair time to freely comment!
• Lets also hope all comments offered online are public for all to see and not censored nor
ignored.
• Look at your own businesses, finances and determine for yourself the impact..
59. 18th Edition IET Wiring Regulations
PAUL MEENAN
Questions?
Paul Meenan
CEng FIET MIAM MILP PCQI
paulmeenan@me.com
#E5
Editor's Notes
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is the largest multidisciplinary professional engineering institution in the world. The IET was formed in 2006 from two separate institutions: the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), dating back to 1871,[1] and the Institution of Incorporated Engineers (IIE) dating back to 1884. Its worldwide membership is currently in excess of 167,000. The IET's main offices are in Savoy Placein London, England and at Michael Faraday House in Stevenage, England.
The IET has the authority to establish professional registration for the titles of Chartered Engineer, Incorporated Engineer, Engineering Technician, and ICT Technician, as a Licensed Member institution of the Engineering Council.
The IET is registered as a charity in England and Wales, and in Scotland.
So above is the original wiring regs, first principles defined!
Since it became a BS standard in 1991, now 9 reissues over 27 years, so a new version every 3 years on average!
Since it became a BS standard in 1991, now 9 reissues over 27 years, so a new version every 3 years on average!
So non- statutory.
However be careful, every section or regulation is designed to underpin a section of the EAWR which in turn is compliance with HASAWA 1974.
A failure on the part of any person to observe any provision of an approved code of practice shall not of itself render him liable to any civil or criminal proceedings; but where in any criminal proceedings a party is alleged to have committed an offence by reason of a contravention of any requirement for which there was an approved code of practice at the time of the alleged contravention, the following subsection shall have effect with respect to that code in relation to those proceedings. (2) Any provision of the code of practice which appears to the court to be relevant to the requirement alleged to have been contravened shall be admissible in evidence in the proceedings; and if it is proved that there was at any material time a failure to observe any provision of the code which appears to the court to be relevant to any matter which it is necessary for the prosecution to prove in order to establish a contravention of that requirement or prohibition, that matter shall be taken as proved unless the court is satisfied that the requirement was in respect of that matter complied with otherwise than by way of observance of that provision of the code.
Two key pieces of legislation we follow amongst others are shown here, the first an act of parliament the second a set of regulations under that act.
Two key pieces of legislation we follow amongst others are shown here, the first an act of parliament the second a set of regulations under that act.
Page 2 observes the committee names.
HD 60364 is the EU implementation of IEC 60364 which is a higher level international document which feeds into for example the Aus/NZ wiring standards also.
As the UK is a member of the IEC and ISO, any standards that are issued by them we are duty bound to implement, it’s just because we are CENELEC also, we implement the CENELEC versions.
Page 8 observes the committee names.
HD 60364 is the EU implementation of IEC 60364 which is a higher level international document which feeds into for example the Aus/NZ wiring standards also.
As the UK is a member of the IEC and ISO, any standards that are issued by them we are duty bound to implement, it’s just because we are CENELEC also, we implement the CENELEC versions.
This is likely to cost a fortune, another cost increase to end users!
People may be confused and run bonds to all exposed metal works!
Chapter 3 nothing of great merit!
Chapter 41
Foundation earthing strongly recommended also
Chapter 42
Chapter 42
Chapter 42
Chapter 42
Chapter 42
So single to double, double to triple!! FFS! Possibly!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Human life (hospitals and medical facilities, safety services)
Public Services and Cultural Heritage (loss of public services, IT centres and museums)
Commercial or industrial activity (farms, industries, hotels, banks, etc)
Chapter 52
Chapter 52
Designer must understand usage of circuits!
More bigger boards!
MAJOR CHANGE! So we are doing the DNOs job for them in case of loss of PEN conductor.
this reg is just there so that the DNO can allow their network to deteriorate more, thus make more profit, and thus ship this profit to their parent companies outside the UK, at the detriment of the UK economy, the UK public purse, and UK consumers who all lose out because of the profit re-allocation, and, the impact on individual consumers and the public purse do to the implications of this regulation.
This reg, is simply there to allow the DNO’s to ignore their statute law duty under esqcr, and therefore make more profit at the detriment of the UK as a whole.
Also, it means that HSE don’t have to do anything to police them.
MAJOR CHANGE! So we are doing the DNOs job for them in case of loss of PEN conductor
641.5 is not new, was 610.4 in amd 3 17th edition; but it is important to highlight!!!
641.5 is not new, was 610.4 in Amd 3 17th edition; but it is important to highlight!!!
641.5 is not new, was 610.4 in Amd 3 17th edition; but it is important to highlight!!!
641.5 is not new, was 610.4 in Amd 3 17th edition; but it is important to highlight!!!
So non- statutory.
However be careful, every section or regulation is designed to underpin a section of the EAWR which in turn is compliance with HASAWA 1974.
A failure on the part of any person to observe any provision of an approved code of practice shall not of itself render him liable to any civil or criminal proceedings; but where in any criminal proceedings a party is alleged to have committed an offence by reason of a contravention of any requirement for which there was an approved code of practice at the time of the alleged contravention, the following subsection shall have effect with respect to that code in relation to those proceedings. (2) Any provision of the code of practice which appears to the court to be relevant to the requirement alleged to have been contravened shall be admissible in evidence in the proceedings; and if it is proved that there was at any material time a failure to observe any provision of the code which appears to the court to be relevant to any matter which it is necessary for the prosecution to prove in order to establish a contravention of that requirement or prohibition, that matter shall be taken as proved unless the court is satisfied that the requirement was in respect of that matter complied with otherwise than by way of observance of that provision of the code.
