1. The document reviews the 10 plants that make up the Bruhaniya Mahakashaya, a category of medicinal plants described in the Charaka Samhita.
2. Each plant is described in detail, including botanical name, family, description, plant parts used, and therapeutic uses. The plants reviewed are: Kshirini (Hemidismus indicus), Rajaksavaka (Euphorbia microphylla), Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Kakoli (Lilium polyphyllum), Kshirkakoli (Fritillaria roylei), Vatyayani (Sida cordifolia), B
1. Karma refers to the inherent property of a drug that is responsible for its therapeutic action and physiological effects in the body.
2. Drug karma can be classified in various ways including by the organ or system affected, the dosha pacified or aggravated, the action performed such as cleansing, nourishing, or lightening.
3. Some examples of specific karmas described are deepana, pachana, shodhana, shaman, anulomana, bhedana, and rasayana. Each karma is characterized by the doshas, tissues, or parts of the body it acts on and the gunas or elements that predominate in the drug.
This document discusses various classifications of Rasadravya (mercurial substances) mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. It describes 8 main classifications: 1) Maharasa, 2) Uparasa, 3) Sadharana Rasa, 4) Loha, 5) Ratna, 6) Uparatna, 7) Sudhavarga, 8) Sikata varga. It provides details on the substances included in each classification, citing sources from classical Ayurvedic texts. It also briefly covers classifications of poisons (visha) into Mahavisha, Upavisha, Sthavara visha, Jaangama visha etc. based on factors like origin, potency and
Ayurveda strongly believes in using drugs with particular tastes in treating diseases. This presentation will help you understand the basics of rasa and its applied aspects in planning treatment protocol.
Sookshma, Vyavayi and Vikasi are mentioned along with other karmas in the ‘Deepanapaachanaadi adhyaya’ by Sharangadhara (शा.सं/प्र.ख/4)
All the three are stated under the heading of guna in the ‘Mishraka prakarana adhyaya’ of Bhavaprakasha (भा.प्र/पू.ख/प्र/6).
Acharya Susruta in “Annapana vidhi adhyaya” (सु.सू/46/523) and Vaghbata in “Ayushkaameeya adhyaya”(A.S) (अ.सं/सू/1) mentions all these to be gunas.
Dravyaguna Vignyan Syllabus PPT ( CCIM 2012 ) -- By Prof.Dr.R.R.Deshpande
• This PPT – Based on New Syllabus of CCIM ,implemented from 2012 .This is like ATP – Advanced Teaching programme of that particular subject .Very useful for Teachers & Students of Ayurved college .Student can recite this syllabus ,which can boost up their confidence to get success in that subject .Teachers & students can download this PPT in their smart phone ,to keep eye on their subject goal .
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
• Phone – 922 68 10 630
in ayurvedic pharmacology some drugs have action according to their aura. this aura treat patients in various aspects eg wearing of jems and different stones
• Rasashastra deals with metallic, mineral and poisonous drugs.
• These drugs are pharmaceutically processed and rendered fit for internal administration.
• For the various processing of rasa uparasadi dhatus and for the preparation of medicines, specific apparatuses called ‘Yantras’ are needed.
• Metals and minerals are required to undergo certain processes like shodhana, jarana, marana, satwapatana etc before they could be administered into the body and all these processes could only be achieved with the help of yantras.
• For exploring and utilizing the knowledge of Rasasastra, a better understanding of yantras is needed.
• Textbooks of Ayurvediya Rasasastra including Rasatarangini, Rasaratna samuchaya, Rasarnavam and Rasendra Choodamani have been the sources of literature along with other published works on Rasasastra.
1. Karma refers to the inherent property of a drug that is responsible for its therapeutic action and physiological effects in the body.
2. Drug karma can be classified in various ways including by the organ or system affected, the dosha pacified or aggravated, the action performed such as cleansing, nourishing, or lightening.
3. Some examples of specific karmas described are deepana, pachana, shodhana, shaman, anulomana, bhedana, and rasayana. Each karma is characterized by the doshas, tissues, or parts of the body it acts on and the gunas or elements that predominate in the drug.
This document discusses various classifications of Rasadravya (mercurial substances) mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. It describes 8 main classifications: 1) Maharasa, 2) Uparasa, 3) Sadharana Rasa, 4) Loha, 5) Ratna, 6) Uparatna, 7) Sudhavarga, 8) Sikata varga. It provides details on the substances included in each classification, citing sources from classical Ayurvedic texts. It also briefly covers classifications of poisons (visha) into Mahavisha, Upavisha, Sthavara visha, Jaangama visha etc. based on factors like origin, potency and
Ayurveda strongly believes in using drugs with particular tastes in treating diseases. This presentation will help you understand the basics of rasa and its applied aspects in planning treatment protocol.
Sookshma, Vyavayi and Vikasi are mentioned along with other karmas in the ‘Deepanapaachanaadi adhyaya’ by Sharangadhara (शा.सं/प्र.ख/4)
All the three are stated under the heading of guna in the ‘Mishraka prakarana adhyaya’ of Bhavaprakasha (भा.प्र/पू.ख/प्र/6).
Acharya Susruta in “Annapana vidhi adhyaya” (सु.सू/46/523) and Vaghbata in “Ayushkaameeya adhyaya”(A.S) (अ.सं/सू/1) mentions all these to be gunas.
Dravyaguna Vignyan Syllabus PPT ( CCIM 2012 ) -- By Prof.Dr.R.R.Deshpande
• This PPT – Based on New Syllabus of CCIM ,implemented from 2012 .This is like ATP – Advanced Teaching programme of that particular subject .Very useful for Teachers & Students of Ayurved college .Student can recite this syllabus ,which can boost up their confidence to get success in that subject .Teachers & students can download this PPT in their smart phone ,to keep eye on their subject goal .
• Visit – www.ayurvedicfriend.com
• Phone – 922 68 10 630
in ayurvedic pharmacology some drugs have action according to their aura. this aura treat patients in various aspects eg wearing of jems and different stones
• Rasashastra deals with metallic, mineral and poisonous drugs.
• These drugs are pharmaceutically processed and rendered fit for internal administration.
• For the various processing of rasa uparasadi dhatus and for the preparation of medicines, specific apparatuses called ‘Yantras’ are needed.
• Metals and minerals are required to undergo certain processes like shodhana, jarana, marana, satwapatana etc before they could be administered into the body and all these processes could only be achieved with the help of yantras.
• For exploring and utilizing the knowledge of Rasasastra, a better understanding of yantras is needed.
• Textbooks of Ayurvediya Rasasastra including Rasatarangini, Rasaratna samuchaya, Rasarnavam and Rasendra Choodamani have been the sources of literature along with other published works on Rasasastra.
This document discusses the rules and methods for collecting medicinal herbs and plants according to Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka, Susrutha, and Rajanighantu. It outlines the optimal periods for collecting different parts of plants, such as roots in winter, leaves in spring, flowers and fruits seasonally. The texts provide guidance on collecting tender parts when plants are growing and mature parts when plants have shed leaves. They also specify collecting purgative and emetic herbs at the end of spring. The module covers rules for collection, periods of collection, and places of collection of medicinal herbs and plants.
- Rasa refers to the six tastes described in Ayurveda - sweet, sour, salty, pungent, bitter, and astringent.
- Each rasa has unique characteristics and physiological effects. For example, sweet rasa is nourishing while pungent rasa increases digestion.
- The order that different rasas are consumed can impact health. Consuming foods with sweet, sour, and salty rasas first and bitter rasas last is considered healthy.
- Excess of any single rasa can lead to health issues, like excess sweet leading to obesity or excess sour upsetting the blood. A balance of rasas is important for wellness.
This is the second part of presentation regarding definitions in Rasa shastra. An attempt is made to clarify the definitions in more clear way also useful images are added to further improvise the presentation.
1. Commentaries play an important role in providing deeper insight and understanding of concepts in classical Ayurvedic texts like the Samhitas.
2. Samanya (general properties) and Vishesha (specific properties) are both responsible for the processes of growth and reduction according to Ayurveda. For these processes to occur, the activation of both Samanya and Vishesha is essential.
3. Commentaries help analyze and explain how the simultaneous activation of Samanya and Vishesha occurs, allowing for a better practical application of these concepts, such as in developing treatment approaches.
This document discusses the 20 Guruvadi Gunas or qualities described in Ayurveda. It defines each Guna, provides examples, and explains their properties and effects on the doshas. The Gunas influence qualities like heaviness, coldness, oiliness, roughness, and more. Knowing the Gunas is important for understanding the nature and uses of herbs, foods and other substances. It also helps determine which qualities or combinations would be beneficial for different health conditions or body types.
The document discusses the marine mollusk known as cowrie shells. It provides details on their traditional medicinal uses in Ayurveda as well as information on purification processes to prepare the shells for use. The shells are said to alleviate vata and kapha doshas and kindle digestive fire. Their bhasma or incinerated form is used to treat various conditions like ear infections or loss of appetite.
Vipaka comes under the five concepts under the study of a dravya (Rasapanchakas). In Ayurveda the digestion & metabolism of any substance is explained in two stages:
Avasthapaka
Nishtapaka
Avasthapaka is the first phase considered as digestion.
In charaka the word “prapaka” is used as the synonym for avasthapaka.
Nishtapka or Vipaka is the second phase and considered as metabolism.
Concept of puta in rasa classics and its practical utility in present scenariosaumyagulati4
This document provides an overview of the concept of "puta" in Ayurveda and Rasa Shastra. It begins with defining puta literally as a hollow space or shallow vessel. It then discusses the various contexts in which the term is used in different texts. A major focus is on the understanding and uses of puta in Rasa Shastra texts for processes like heating and incineration of herbs and minerals. Various types of puta are classified based on dimensions, number of cow dung cakes used, and other heating parameters. Thermodynamic principles behind puta are also explained. Recent research on adapting puta processes for reliable preparation of medicines is mentioned.
The document describes several groups of 5 (panchaka) plants that are commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine. These include:
- Brihat Panchamoola - Roots of 5 mid-sized trees used for Vata disorders.
- Laghu Panchamoola - Roots of 5 shrubs used for conditions like diarrhea and fever.
- Valli Panchamoola - Roots of 5 climbers used for blood disorders and swelling.
- Kantakari Panchamoola - Roots of 5 thorny plants also used for blood and swelling issues.
- Trina Panchamoola - Roots of 5 small sh
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya SasiSaranya Sasi
This document provides information about an upcoming inter-departmental seminar on Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It includes details about the presenter, their guide, contents to be covered which are the author, time period, language and commentaries of Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It also lists translations of the text to other languages and key features, contributions and arrangement of the book.
The document discusses the three classical Ayurvedic texts known as Laghutrayee - Bhavaprakasha by Bhavamishra, Sharangadhara Samhita by Sharangadhara, and Madhava Nidana by Madhavakara.
It provides background information on the authors of each text such as their time period, home region, and notable works. For each text, it summarizes their key contributions such as the number of chapters and medical topics covered in Bhavaprakasha and Sharangadhara Samhita, and Madhavakara's systematic explanation of diseases in Madhava Nidana. The document also lists some important commentators of Sharangadhara
The document discusses various aspects of Desha (geography/terrain) in Ayurveda. It defines Desha as having two types - Bhumidesha referring to land and Aaturadesha referring to climate. Bhumidesha is further classified into Jangala (forest), Anupa (sub-aquatic) and Sadharana (normal). It provides characteristics of each type of terrain and their effects on plants, animals, weather patterns and people. It also discusses criteria for collecting herbs and medicinal plants according to terrain, plant part, season and purpose of the herb. Guidelines are provided for proper storage and preservation of herbs to maintain their medicinal properties.
The 'Sutra' is that power of words endowed to mankind to express his thoughts in a short and apt form. These Sutras are the conclusions of exhaustive survey of several years corroborating the experiences of ages. As the definition of Sutra states.
The one which comprises of minimum letters but maximum matter which is in the form of confirmed pure knowledge, and also possessing the power of self elaboration is defined as Sutra.
The Sutras possessing such a broad speculum are collected to comprehend the Samhita or Tantra. But the essence of the Samhita is extracted in its Sutrasthana only. The main and important classic, which narrates Ayurveda Shastra, is Caraka Samhita, which is the foundation stone of Ayurvedic literature. This Dwadasha Sahasri Samhita is also divided in eight Sthanas, amongst them the Sutrasthana which is most important being the Adyasthana and is representive of rest Sthanas.
Just like a thread, which keeps all the flowers together in garland. similarly Sutrasthana comprises the essence of all Sthanas in seed form.
The nectar from all the flowers of the rest 7 Sthanas is collected to design the Sutrasthana.
The Sutrasthana lies as the Madhusancaya of the Samhita. This nectar of knowledge has been stored by Acharya Charaka in very beautiful way i.e. in the form of Chatuska Methodology.
This document discusses the classification of herbal medicines in Ayurveda. It explains that ancient Ayurvedic texts like the Vedas and Samhitas classified plants based on their nature, properties, uses, and pharmacological actions. Specifically, Charak classified plants into 50 groups called Mahakashayas with 10 plants in each group. These groups were organized based on the actions of the plants on the body and their uses for specific diseases or symptoms. The classification system aimed to provide guidance to physicians and allow for flexible combinations of plants to treat patients. Overall, the classification in Ayurveda was an early scientific attempt to organize herbal medicines to better understand their therapeutic properties and applications.
Panchavayava (pratijnya, hetu, udaharana, upanaya, nigamana) are five essential tools used for reasoning that can aid various fields including research, medical documentation, legal cases, teaching, and presentations. The document provides examples of how each tool can be applied in cases involving medical diagnosis, police investigation, and research on herbal treatment. Panchavayava help structure arguments and conclusions when trying to convince others.
The document discusses the Ayurvedic concept of Samanya (general or universal). It defines Samanya as properties or characteristics that are common to a class or category of objects. Samanya brings objects into one group under a common name, while Vishesha (specific or particular) distinguishes between individual objects.
Samanya exists in three categories - Dravya (substance), Guna (quality), and Karma (action). It is eternal, singular, and found in all objects simultaneously. Samanya can cause augmentation or increase of Doshas and Dhatus. However, this requires other facilitating factors and Samanya alone is not sufficient. The document outlines different types of Samanya based on the categories it
This document provides information about the medicinal plant Satavar (Asparagus racemosus) including its uses, pharmacological properties, chemical profile, and authentication. It discusses that Satavar is used in Ayurveda to promote fertility and vitality. The document summarizes the plant's scientific classification, morphological features, microscopy, active components including saponins, uses such as increasing milk production, and potential adulterants.
This document summarizes an ethnomedicinal study conducted in Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Researchers interviewed local people to document traditional medicinal uses of plants by indigenous tribes in the region. A total of 43 plant species were identified and their local names, descriptions, flowering/fruiting times, and traditional medicinal uses were recorded. Plant specimens were collected, identified, preserved and deposited in a university herbarium for future reference. The study aimed to document the traditional phytotherapy knowledge of tribes residing in the Kotia Hills area of Vizianagaram District.
This document discusses the rules and methods for collecting medicinal herbs and plants according to Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka, Susrutha, and Rajanighantu. It outlines the optimal periods for collecting different parts of plants, such as roots in winter, leaves in spring, flowers and fruits seasonally. The texts provide guidance on collecting tender parts when plants are growing and mature parts when plants have shed leaves. They also specify collecting purgative and emetic herbs at the end of spring. The module covers rules for collection, periods of collection, and places of collection of medicinal herbs and plants.
- Rasa refers to the six tastes described in Ayurveda - sweet, sour, salty, pungent, bitter, and astringent.
- Each rasa has unique characteristics and physiological effects. For example, sweet rasa is nourishing while pungent rasa increases digestion.
- The order that different rasas are consumed can impact health. Consuming foods with sweet, sour, and salty rasas first and bitter rasas last is considered healthy.
- Excess of any single rasa can lead to health issues, like excess sweet leading to obesity or excess sour upsetting the blood. A balance of rasas is important for wellness.
This is the second part of presentation regarding definitions in Rasa shastra. An attempt is made to clarify the definitions in more clear way also useful images are added to further improvise the presentation.
1. Commentaries play an important role in providing deeper insight and understanding of concepts in classical Ayurvedic texts like the Samhitas.
2. Samanya (general properties) and Vishesha (specific properties) are both responsible for the processes of growth and reduction according to Ayurveda. For these processes to occur, the activation of both Samanya and Vishesha is essential.
3. Commentaries help analyze and explain how the simultaneous activation of Samanya and Vishesha occurs, allowing for a better practical application of these concepts, such as in developing treatment approaches.
This document discusses the 20 Guruvadi Gunas or qualities described in Ayurveda. It defines each Guna, provides examples, and explains their properties and effects on the doshas. The Gunas influence qualities like heaviness, coldness, oiliness, roughness, and more. Knowing the Gunas is important for understanding the nature and uses of herbs, foods and other substances. It also helps determine which qualities or combinations would be beneficial for different health conditions or body types.
The document discusses the marine mollusk known as cowrie shells. It provides details on their traditional medicinal uses in Ayurveda as well as information on purification processes to prepare the shells for use. The shells are said to alleviate vata and kapha doshas and kindle digestive fire. Their bhasma or incinerated form is used to treat various conditions like ear infections or loss of appetite.
Vipaka comes under the five concepts under the study of a dravya (Rasapanchakas). In Ayurveda the digestion & metabolism of any substance is explained in two stages:
Avasthapaka
Nishtapaka
Avasthapaka is the first phase considered as digestion.
In charaka the word “prapaka” is used as the synonym for avasthapaka.
Nishtapka or Vipaka is the second phase and considered as metabolism.
Concept of puta in rasa classics and its practical utility in present scenariosaumyagulati4
This document provides an overview of the concept of "puta" in Ayurveda and Rasa Shastra. It begins with defining puta literally as a hollow space or shallow vessel. It then discusses the various contexts in which the term is used in different texts. A major focus is on the understanding and uses of puta in Rasa Shastra texts for processes like heating and incineration of herbs and minerals. Various types of puta are classified based on dimensions, number of cow dung cakes used, and other heating parameters. Thermodynamic principles behind puta are also explained. Recent research on adapting puta processes for reliable preparation of medicines is mentioned.
The document describes several groups of 5 (panchaka) plants that are commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine. These include:
- Brihat Panchamoola - Roots of 5 mid-sized trees used for Vata disorders.
- Laghu Panchamoola - Roots of 5 shrubs used for conditions like diarrhea and fever.
- Valli Panchamoola - Roots of 5 climbers used for blood disorders and swelling.
- Kantakari Panchamoola - Roots of 5 thorny plants also used for blood and swelling issues.
- Trina Panchamoola - Roots of 5 small sh
Bhaishajya Ratnavali - review Dr.Saranya SasiSaranya Sasi
This document provides information about an upcoming inter-departmental seminar on Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It includes details about the presenter, their guide, contents to be covered which are the author, time period, language and commentaries of Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It also lists translations of the text to other languages and key features, contributions and arrangement of the book.
The document discusses the three classical Ayurvedic texts known as Laghutrayee - Bhavaprakasha by Bhavamishra, Sharangadhara Samhita by Sharangadhara, and Madhava Nidana by Madhavakara.
It provides background information on the authors of each text such as their time period, home region, and notable works. For each text, it summarizes their key contributions such as the number of chapters and medical topics covered in Bhavaprakasha and Sharangadhara Samhita, and Madhavakara's systematic explanation of diseases in Madhava Nidana. The document also lists some important commentators of Sharangadhara
The document discusses various aspects of Desha (geography/terrain) in Ayurveda. It defines Desha as having two types - Bhumidesha referring to land and Aaturadesha referring to climate. Bhumidesha is further classified into Jangala (forest), Anupa (sub-aquatic) and Sadharana (normal). It provides characteristics of each type of terrain and their effects on plants, animals, weather patterns and people. It also discusses criteria for collecting herbs and medicinal plants according to terrain, plant part, season and purpose of the herb. Guidelines are provided for proper storage and preservation of herbs to maintain their medicinal properties.
The 'Sutra' is that power of words endowed to mankind to express his thoughts in a short and apt form. These Sutras are the conclusions of exhaustive survey of several years corroborating the experiences of ages. As the definition of Sutra states.
The one which comprises of minimum letters but maximum matter which is in the form of confirmed pure knowledge, and also possessing the power of self elaboration is defined as Sutra.
The Sutras possessing such a broad speculum are collected to comprehend the Samhita or Tantra. But the essence of the Samhita is extracted in its Sutrasthana only. The main and important classic, which narrates Ayurveda Shastra, is Caraka Samhita, which is the foundation stone of Ayurvedic literature. This Dwadasha Sahasri Samhita is also divided in eight Sthanas, amongst them the Sutrasthana which is most important being the Adyasthana and is representive of rest Sthanas.
Just like a thread, which keeps all the flowers together in garland. similarly Sutrasthana comprises the essence of all Sthanas in seed form.
The nectar from all the flowers of the rest 7 Sthanas is collected to design the Sutrasthana.
The Sutrasthana lies as the Madhusancaya of the Samhita. This nectar of knowledge has been stored by Acharya Charaka in very beautiful way i.e. in the form of Chatuska Methodology.
This document discusses the classification of herbal medicines in Ayurveda. It explains that ancient Ayurvedic texts like the Vedas and Samhitas classified plants based on their nature, properties, uses, and pharmacological actions. Specifically, Charak classified plants into 50 groups called Mahakashayas with 10 plants in each group. These groups were organized based on the actions of the plants on the body and their uses for specific diseases or symptoms. The classification system aimed to provide guidance to physicians and allow for flexible combinations of plants to treat patients. Overall, the classification in Ayurveda was an early scientific attempt to organize herbal medicines to better understand their therapeutic properties and applications.
Panchavayava (pratijnya, hetu, udaharana, upanaya, nigamana) are five essential tools used for reasoning that can aid various fields including research, medical documentation, legal cases, teaching, and presentations. The document provides examples of how each tool can be applied in cases involving medical diagnosis, police investigation, and research on herbal treatment. Panchavayava help structure arguments and conclusions when trying to convince others.
The document discusses the Ayurvedic concept of Samanya (general or universal). It defines Samanya as properties or characteristics that are common to a class or category of objects. Samanya brings objects into one group under a common name, while Vishesha (specific or particular) distinguishes between individual objects.
Samanya exists in three categories - Dravya (substance), Guna (quality), and Karma (action). It is eternal, singular, and found in all objects simultaneously. Samanya can cause augmentation or increase of Doshas and Dhatus. However, this requires other facilitating factors and Samanya alone is not sufficient. The document outlines different types of Samanya based on the categories it
This document provides information about the medicinal plant Satavar (Asparagus racemosus) including its uses, pharmacological properties, chemical profile, and authentication. It discusses that Satavar is used in Ayurveda to promote fertility and vitality. The document summarizes the plant's scientific classification, morphological features, microscopy, active components including saponins, uses such as increasing milk production, and potential adulterants.
This document summarizes an ethnomedicinal study conducted in Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Researchers interviewed local people to document traditional medicinal uses of plants by indigenous tribes in the region. A total of 43 plant species were identified and their local names, descriptions, flowering/fruiting times, and traditional medicinal uses were recorded. Plant specimens were collected, identified, preserved and deposited in a university herbarium for future reference. The study aimed to document the traditional phytotherapy knowledge of tribes residing in the Kotia Hills area of Vizianagaram District.
1. Rasna, Rasona, Rohithaka, and Sahachara are four medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. Rasna refers to Alpinia galanga and has controversies regarding its identification. Rasona is Allium sativum (garlic) and has two varieties.
2. Rohithaka is Amoora rohituka (Aphanamixis polystachya) and its bark is used medicinally. Sahachara is Strobilanthus ciliatus and has four color varieties described in classical texts.
3. The document provides details on the morphology, chemical constituents, self-study guidelines, and formulations for each of these four plants
Avartaki Cassia Auriculata Linn – A Review Articleijtsrd
India has about 45000 plant species of which several thousands have been claimed to possess medicinal properties. In many countries traditional medicine forms an interal part of health care system. The knowledge of traditional medicine is very important for the new research work.
Dr. Pranam Suresh Kharche | Dr. Bhagwat R. Wase | Dr. Sanjeev N Rathod "Avartaki (Cassia Auriculata Linn) – A Review Article" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38284.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/38284/avartaki-cassia-auriculata-linn-– -a-review-article/dr-pranam-suresh-kharche
This document summarizes research on the plant Butea monosperma. It discusses the plant's traditional uses in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various ailments. It also describes the plant's phytochemical constituents that have been isolated from different parts of the plant, including cajanin, isoformononetin, butein, butrin, and medicarpin. Several studies are mentioned that have identified compounds from Butea monosperma with pharmacological properties like osteogenic, antimicrobial, anti-thyroid, and blood sugar regulating effects.
This document provides information on 11 different medicinal plants:
1. Naravelia zeylanica, which has anti-ulcer properties and is used to treat gastric ulcers.
2. Kaempferia rotunda, which has antioxidant properties and is used locally for sprains. Studies have explored its antioxidant potential.
3. Hibiscus abelmoschus, whose seeds are used in traditional medicine to treat various conditions.
This document describes the Citron plant (Citrus medica), including:
- It is an evergreen shrub or small tree cultivated in warm, moist regions of India.
- The fruit is oblong or oval, with a thick yellow peel containing many seeds and pale yellow pulp divided into segments.
- It has various medicinal uses including treating dysentery, as a sedative, and as a remedy for rheumatism, poison, and driving off evil spirits.
- Parts used medicinally include the peel, juice, leaves, seeds, flowers, and roots. It has properties of being sweet, sour, light, unctuous, and hot.
1. The document provides information on the medicinal plants Andrographis paniculata, Mallotus philippensis, and Bauhinia variegata.
2. It describes the morphology, useful parts, chemical constituents, rasa pancaka (taste, qualities, potency, post-digestive effect) and uses of each plant based on Ayurvedic texts.
3. The information provided can help students of Ayurvedic medicine understand the traditional uses of these plants according to classical Ayurvedic principles.
This document describes Bijapooraka, the fruit of Citrus medica, a small evergreen tree cultivated in warm, moist regions of India. Key details include:
- The fruit is oblong or oval, with a thick, bumpy yellow peel enclosing pale yellow segments with many seeds.
- It has both sweet and sour varieties. The sweet variety helps treat acid indigestion and heart conditions, while the sour variety helps treat Kapha and Vata imbalances.
- All parts have medicinal uses like treating dysentery, sedation, rheumatism, and as an antidote for poison. The fruit and seeds specifically treat amenorrhea.
This document provides details about several Ayurvedic drugs, including their botanical sources and traditional uses. It discusses ten plant parts or entire herbs used as drugs - including galo stem, nagod leaf, shirish bark, chitrak and rasna root, and malkangni, kalijiri, mucuna seeds. It then describes two varieties of rasna and its phytochemical constituents and medicinal uses. Finally, it covers shilajit, including its synonyms, sources in the Himalayas, characteristics, and use as a general tonic and aphrodisiac.
1. The document provides details on four Dravyas - Pippali, Prishniparni, Punarnava, and Pushkaramoola.
2. For each Dravya, it describes their taxonomy, varieties and morphology, chemical constituents, uses mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, self-work examples, and important formulations.
3. The document serves as a reference for BAMS students to learn about these four medicinal plants used in Ayurveda.
This document provides information about two plant dyes: Butea monosperma and Lowsonia alba. It discusses their classification, origin, morphology, cultivation, and uses. Butea monosperma is a medium sized tree found throughout India that yields an orange dye from its flowers. Lowsonia alba is a shrub cultivated in South Asia and Africa that is commonly used in henna body art due to the lawsone content of its leaves which produces a temporary orange stain on skin. Both plants have a variety of traditional medicinal uses and are sources of natural dyes.
Various Formulation and Pharmacological Properties of Chinese Chaste Treeijtsrd
Indian societies have been using herbal medicine for many decades. Near about 80 of the population of the world use herbal medicine as a primary health care. Vitex negundo is a well known medicinal herb that is used in the Indian system of medicine. It is commonly known as Five Leaved Chaste Tree or Monk`s pepper. In India, it is known as punjgusht, Nirgundu, Sambhalu, or sephali. Vitex negundo Linn. Is credited with innumerable medicinal activities Like analgesic, anti inflammatory, anticonvulsant, Antioxidant, Bronchialrelaxant, Hepatoprotective, etc. Although all parts of this plant possesses great medicinal values, but especially its leaves contain numbers of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosidic irridoids, Tannins, and terpenes. Because of the richness in phytochemicals, the plant is attributed to possessing several therapeutic uses such as an antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, astringent, bronchodilator, CNS depressant, detoxicant, Diuretic, emmenagogue, anticancer and hepatoprotective, etc. It is also used as insecticide and larvicidal. Leaf extract is employed as nervine Tonic, tranquilizer, and vermifuge. Kiran Wadatkar | Sakshi Waghmare | Amol G Jadhao | Prashant A Patil "Various Formulation and Pharmacological Properties of Chinese Chaste Tree" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42482.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compharmacy/other/42482/various-formulation-and-pharmacological-properties-of-chinese-chaste-tree/kiran-wadatkar
As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, there isn't a widely recognized or scientifically known plant called "karkatshrungi." It's possible that the name refers to a regional or local name for a plant that might be known by a different botanical or common name.
If "karkatshrungi" is a local name, its importance could be specific to a particular culture or region. It's not uncommon for different cultures to have unique names for plants with local significance, whether for traditional medicinal uses, cultural rituals, or other purposes.
If you have access to local botanical or ethnobotanical resources or if there have been developments in plant research since my last update, you may find more information about the plant and its importance. Consider consulting local botanical experts, ethnobotanists, or relevant regional resources for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
This document provides information about Ativisha, Gugglu and Haridra & Daruharidra. It describes the synonyms, varieties, morphology, useful parts, guna karma, dosage and important formulations for each herb. Ativisha is known to be deepaneeya, pachaneeya and sangrahika. Gugglu's useful part is the oleoresin from its bark, which contains compounds like guggulsterones. Haridra and Daruharidra have similar properties and are both used for their anti-inflammatory and laxative effects. Their typical dosage forms include fresh juice, powder and various herbal formulations.
Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants of Gariaband District Chhattisgarhpaperpublications3
Abstract: From ancient times the man has dependent so much on plants find around them for their daily needs, like as food and as an medicinal uses. The tribal people who depends on forest for their livelihood and most of them are still depends on medicinal plants as primary healthcare source. The tribal people and the people of rural area of India have the great knowledge of medicinal uses of plants which are finding around them. In central region of India Chhattisgarh has the large number of plants were reported as medicine, here we discuss the medicinal plants of Gariaband area of Chhattisgarh, in some areas of this district tribal people still dependent on medicinal plants .In this paper we mention some important medicinal plants of Gariaband District tribal people use from ancient times and try to reveal their knowledge.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, Chhattisgarh, Gariaband, Tribal people, Healthcare.
Title: Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants of Gariaband District Chhattisgarh
Author: Iram Hingora, Dr. Amit Sharma
ISSN 2349-7823
International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)
Paper Publications
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The document summarizes information about several types of trees found at Suankularb Wittayalai School in Thailand. It describes the paper flower vine, Rauvolfia serpentina snake root plant, Cassia fistula golden shower tree planted by the King, Streblus asper toothbrush tree used for papermaking, various palm trees near the school building, white cheesewood tree found in Thailand and other areas, and Cananga odorata fragrant flower tree. It concludes with a request to grow more trees to keep the environment green.
Similar to Bruhaniya Mahakashaya Described in Charaka Samhita – A Review Article (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38285 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 1 | November-December 2020 Page 1495
silvery-white pubescent beneath. Flowers are greenish
purple, crowded in axillary cymes in small compact clusters.
Fruits (follicles) are paired, cylindrical, pointed,andslender.
Seeds are oblong in shape. Flowering is usually sparse and
occurs in October, while fruits mature in January5.
Upyuktanga - Root
Therapeutic uses - Jwara, Agnimandya, Prameha, kasa,
aruchi, Tridoshahar
2. RAJAKSAVAKA
Kaideva nighantu have mentioned Rajaksavaka as a
synonyme of Dugdhika6 and as well chakrpani dutt
commentary on Charaka samhita also accepted rajaksavaka
as Dugdhika. Dugdhika means onewhichhasmilk orlatex. In
Bhavapakash Nighantu Source of Dugdika are Euphorbia
hirta, Chhoti Dudhi (Euphorbia thymifoliaoti Euphorbia
microphylla Heyne7, Euphorbia hypericifolia).Bycomparing
the property of these 4 species Euphorbia microphylla,
Heyne is more appropriate for the Brmhana action, because
in practice it is given as a stanyavardhak drug.
Euphorbia mirophylla B. Heyne
Botanical name - Euphorbia microphylla, Heyne
Family - Euphorbiaceae
Botanical description
Found all over the waste lands in India. Softly hispid
prostrate herbs. Stem puberulous, slender, cylindrical, pale
green but often pink in color when fresh, becoming grayish
green or dark purplish on drying. Stems arewith whitelatex,
spreading on the ground. Leaves are simple, opposite,
elliptic, oblong or ovate. The petiolate, 3-6 mm long, 2-4 mm
wide, mostly green, but often coppery red when fresh,
becoming grayish green or dark purplish on drying. Apex is
obtuse or rounded. Venation is reticulate. Petiole is small,
thin, slender, pale green and often pinkishincolor.Fruits are
ovoid-globose, acutely 3-lobed, almost sessile capsule 1 mm
× 1 mm base truncate, short-hairy. Seeds are conical, log,
ovoid and obtusely quadrangular, up to 1 mm long, acutely
4-angled, reddish brown without caruncle8.
Upyuktanga - whole plant,
Therapeutic uses - Svasa, Krmi, Kustha, Prameha,
Raktapitta, Pravahika, Raktarsa, Palita, Danta-ghuna,Dadru,
Sphota, stana, stanyashaya (swarasa is used)
3. ASWAGANDA
Botanial name - Withania somnifera Dunal.
Family - Solanaceae,
Botanical description
A perennial shrub, found in waste land, widely cultivated in
certain areas of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, roots
collected in winter, washed and cut into short pieces. An
erect branching undershrub reaching about 5 cm in height
usually clothed with minutely stellate tomentum leaves
ovate up to cm long, flower greenish or lurid yellow in
axillary fascicles, fruit globose berries which are orange
coloured when mature enclosed in a persistent calyx. The
fleshy roots when dry are cylindrical gradually tapering
down with a brownish white surface and pure white inside
when broken9.
Upyuktanga - Dried mature roots
Therapeutic uses - Sotha, Kshaya, Daurbalya, Vataroga,
Klaibya, Excessive emaciation, balasosa, Insomnia.
4. KAKOLI
Botanial name - Lilium polyphyllum D.Don
Family Liliaceae
Botanical description
Distribuion – A plant found growing in Western temperate
Himalayas from 1800-3600 mfrom KumaontoKashmir. The
bulb of L. polyphyllum is morphologically an underground
stem with fleshy conical, translucent scale-leaves and roots
attached with basal plate. L. polyphyllum is a perennial
bulbous herb grows up to 1m in heightandpossesseshollow
stem. leaves in whorls, many nerved narrowly lanceolate or
linear, margins papillose, flowers 4-10, pendulous fragrant
dull yellowish or greenish out side, white within speckled
with long purple streaks in racems raised on the naked top
of the stem parlanth recurved when fully expanded fruit a
capsule10.
Upyuktanga -- Dried tuberous root
Therapeutic uses – Kshaya, Raktapitta, sosha, Jvara, Svasa,
Kasa, Daha.
5. KSÌRAKAKOLÌ
Botanial name - Fritillaria roylei Hook.
Family - Liliaceae
Botanical description
A glabrous herb 6-24 m in height, found in Western
temperate Himalayas from Kumaon to Kashmir.The leaves
are opposite or whorled, linear-lanceolate, flowers are
solitary and yellowish-green to brownish-purple. Flowers
are bell shaped, hanging looking down, borne singly on the
stem but sometimes in a group of two or more. Petals are
narrow ovate 4-5 cm long11.
Upyuktanga - Dried whole bulb
Therapeutic uses - sosa,Daha,Hrdroga,Jvara,Kasa,Kshaya,
Raktadosa, Raktapitta, Raktaroga, sávasa, Vaatarakta, Yoni
Vyapad, Vatavyadhi, Vatapittaruja
Both kakoli and Kshirkakoli are endangered Himalayan
species. These are important constituent of Astavarga,
Chyavanprasha andotherayurvedicformulations.According
to Bhavaprakasha nighantu Ashwagandha is used for the
Substitue for both the drugs12
6. VATYAYANI -BALA (ROOT)
Botanial name – Sida cordifolia Linn
Family-Malvaceae
Botanical description
Distribution - Found throughout the Warmer parts of India
as a weed of waste land. A small downy erect herb up to 1.5
cm in height, with long branches, sometimes rooting at
nodes. Tap root long thick YellowishBrownincolour.Leaves
cordate, oblong ovate or ovate oblong, petiole as long as the
blade. Flowers yellow or white. Fruit a depressed globose
schizocarp type. Seeds are Smooth grey13.
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38285 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 1 | November-December 2020 Page 1496
Upyuktanga -Moola
Therapeutic uses - Vatavyadhi,Kshaya,Krushata,Prameha,
Hrddaurbaya
7. BHADRAUDANI
The exact source of this drug is not known. In some book
Bhadrodani is given synonyms of Bala (Sida cordifolia) 14
8. BHARDWAJI (VANAKARPASA)
Vanakarpasi is kwown as Bhardwaji since its name is given
by Rishi Bhardwaja15
Botanial name- Thespesia lampas
Family - Malvaceae
Botanical description
Common throught in india. It is an erect slightly branched
shrub 2-3 m in height. The leaves are alternate, simple,
ovate, 10-20 cm long somewhat 3-lobed or nearly entire,
green and nearly smooth on the upper surface, somewhat
hairy beneath. The flower is regular, bisexual, hypogynus.
Calyx- sepals 5, corolla petals 5, yellow with dark purple
center. The capsules are ovoid and about 3 cm long with 4-5
valves16.
Upyuktanga – Mula, fruits
Therapeutic uses - Daha, Srama, Bhranti, Murccha,
Stanyaksya.
9. PAYASYA (VIDARÌKANDA)
Botanial name- Pueraria tuberosa DC.
Family Fabaceae
Botanical description
Distributed all over India. It is a large,perennial climber with
tuberous roots, upto 60 cm long and 30 cm thick, even
weighing upto35 kg, from about 5 or 10 kg. Leaves 3 foliate
leaflets broadly ovate or rhomboid subcoriaceous
glabrescent above and silkybeneath.Flower blueorpurplish
blue in colour. The fruit pods are linear, about2–5 cm(0.79–
1.97 in) long and constricted densely between the seeds.
They have silky, bristly reddish-brown hair.Seedsvaryfrom
3 to 6 in number17.
Upyuktanga - Tuberous root
Therapeutic uses – Sula, Daha, Kasa,Kshaya,Mutrakrcchra,
Raktadosa, Raktapitta, Visamajvara, Visarpa, sukraksaya
10. VRSYAGANDHA (VRIDHADARU)
According to bhavaprakasha nighantu Vrsyagandha is the
synonyms given for vrudhadaru18 andchakrapaniconfirmed
it as Shatavari. But according to synonym and botanical
description here Vrsyagandha taken as a Vrudhadaru19.
Botanial name- Argyreia speciosa Roxb
Family- Convolvulaceae
Botanical description
It is woody climber found throughout India, uptoanaltitude
of 300 m. Common in Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and
South India. The rootsof Argyreiaspeciosa arevaryingin size
as well as in thickness. The thin roots are usually 2-4 mm in
diameter and show somewhat smooth brownish exterior.
The stem is white and tomentose in young stages. The older
stem (25 mm) is so thick that it shows vertical ridges and
numerous lenticels, which are mostly transversely
elongated. The lower surface of the leaf is entirely covered
with hair, which gives the leaf a silvery soft wooly
appearance. The upper surface of the leaf is green, glabrous
and shows the markings of nerves by slightdepressions. The
margin is entire but slightly wavy near the base. Lateral
nerves 14-20 pairs arise alternatively on the midrib; the
single nerves bifurcate beforereachingthe edge;theanterior
branch unites with the posterior one of the neighboring
nerve; an arched nervule connecting the two branchesreach
the margin. Petioles stout and cylindric, a little shorter than
the length of the blade are completely covered with wooly
tomentum. The seeds are more or less triangular
Upyuktanga - Roots
Therapeutic uses – Rasayana, vrsya, balya Amavata, Arsas,
Sotha, Prameha Agnimandya
KARMA
The word karma is a very comprehensive term denoting all
the actions for the maintenance and promotion of health as
well as prevention and eradication of all diseases. It denotes
Pharmacodynamics of a drug. Bruhana property belong to
the bruhaniya mahakashaya.
BRIMHANA KARMA
It is an important upakram in shadupakrama &
Dwividopakrama and a important treatment modalities for
many diseases. The nirukti of bruhana karma is to More
increase, Purposeful increase, to make body stout.20
Anything which increase the size of body or whatever adds
to the corpulence of the body is bruhana or nourishing
therapy21. Bruhaniya is that which is useful for enlargingthe
body, promotes the volume as well as weight of the body.
(Gangadhara). Guru, Sita, Mrudu, Bahal, Sthula, Picchila,
Manda, are the properties of bruhana dravya.22 Thisbruhana
guna also similar to the Ojas guna.23 Ojas is the Sara of all the
Dhatus. Therefore we can state that bruhana dravya
nourishes all the Dhatus. The panchabhautik composition of
Bruhan dravya is Pruthvi ans Aap mahabuta.24 Bruhana is
samana for vata and vatapitta combination.25 Person
requiring this therapy are Krusha, Kshina due to vyadhi,
excess intake of madya, who indulge in liftingheavyweights,
garbhini, bala, vrudha etc. such person need this therapy all
the more during summer26. Brumhana of body increase in
size & weight of Body By increasing Carbohydrates, Protein
& Fat content in our body.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38285 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 1 | November-December 2020 Page 1497
ANALYSIS OF BRMHANA DRAVYAS THROUGH RASAPANCHAKA
DRAVYA RASA GUNA VIRYA VIPAKA KARMA
Kshirini( Sariva)27 Madhura Guru, snigdha Shita Madhura Dipana
RAJAKSAVAKA28
(Dugdhika)
Madhura, Lavana,
Katu, Tikta
Guru, Ruksa,
tiksna
Ushna Katu
Vrsya Dhatuvrddhikara,
stnyavardhak
ASHWAGANDHA29 Tikta, kashaya Laghu ushna Madhura Rasayana, Balya, Vajikaran
KAKOLI30 Madhura Guru Shita Madhura Brmhana, Sukrala
KSIRAKAKOLI30 Madhura Guru, Snigdha Shita Madhura
Rasayana, , Vrsya, Brmhana,
Stanyajanna sukravardhaka
VATYAYANI3
(Bala)31
Madhura
Guru, Snigdha,
Picchila.
Shita Madhur
Vrsya, Balya, Rasayana,
sukrala,
BHADRAUDANI
(Bala)31 Madhura
Guru, Snigdha,
Picchila
Shita Madhura
Vrsya, Balya, Rasayana,
sukrala
BHARADWAJI
(Vanakarpasa)15
Madhura Guru, Snigdha Shita Madhura
Vriya, Stanyajanana,
Kaphakara
PAYASYA
(Vidarìkanda)32
Madhura Guru, Snigdha Shita Madhura
Balya, Brmhana, Vrsya,
Stanyadu, Rasayani, Jivaniya
RYSYAGANDHA
(Vruddhdaru)33
Katu, Tiktha,
Kasaya, Madhura
Sara, Laghu,
Snigdha
Usna
Katu,
Madhura
Rasayana, Vrishya, Balya,
Agnivardhanam
DISCUSSION
From the above table it is clear that almost all the drugs
mentioned in the Brmhaniya mahakashaya have Madhura
rasa, Guru, Snigdha guna, Seeta Virya and Madhura vipaka
Except- Dugdhika, Ashwagandha, Vruddhdaru Considering
each one in detail
Functions of Madhura rasa34 – Madhura rasa is rasadi
sapta dhatu vardhaka, ojovardhaka, nourshing the sence
organs, Balakara, Bruhana, Sthariyakara andstnyavardhaka.
Panchbhautic composition of madhura rasa is Prithvi and
jala
Function of Seetha Virya35 – It is Prahladana, Sthirikaran,
jeevan, balya, prasadana, stambhana and kledana.
Panhbhautic composition of Shita virya is Jala mahabhuta
predomonance
Function of Madhura vipaka36 – On dhatu it acts as a
shukral, on Dosha it acts as Vathapittahara, kaphavardhana.
Panhbhautic composition of Madhura vipaka Prithvi –jala
predomonance
Function of Guru-snigdha Pichchila guna 37 –
Guru – Guru guna is bruhana, balakrit, pustikrit, vrushya,
kaphavardhaka. Panchbhautic composition of guru guna is
Prithvi jala predomonance
Snigdha – Snigdha guna is balya, snehana, mardava vrushya
and kaphavardhaka. Panchbhautic composition of snigdha
guna is jala predomonance
Picchila guna – Picchila guna is Jeevaniya, Balya, guru, and
kaphavardhaka. Panchbhautic composition of picchila guna
is jala predomonance Properties of drugs according to
bhautic composition. Parthiva dravyas - Upchaya
(Development), sanghata (compactness), guruta (
heaviness), sthirta (firmness) Apya dravyas - Sneha (
unction), mardav ( softening) . From these details we got a
conclusion showing how these drugs under brmhana
Mahakashaya showing brmhana action.
PROBABLE MODE OF ACTION OF BRIMHANA DRAVYA'S
Probably mode of action of Brimhana Dravya's can be
accessed on the ground of its Gunapanchaka. It is found that
majority ofingredientshave predominanceofMadhura Rasa,
Shita Virya, Madhura Vipaka, Guru snigdha guna and
Vatapitta Shamaka, these all properties nouries all Dhatus
and enhancement of Dhatu-poshaka Tatwa, results in
correction and promotion of the Dhatus causing Brimhana
effect.
Probable Mode of action Dugdhika, Ashwagandha,
Vruddhdaru-
Agnimandya, productionof Ama,Srotorodha,andvitiationof
Vata Dosha are the major events in the pathogenesis of
Dhatu Kshaya. Drugs having pharmacodynamics i.e. Tikta-
Katu Rasa, Ruksha-Laghu Guna, Ushna-Virya, Katu Vipaka
and Kapha-vatahara properties which all are useful in
breaking of etiopathogenesis of Kshaya. Tikta, Katu Rasa,
Ushna Virya and Snigdha Guna (from other 7 drugs) that
might have helped in normalizing the Agni, the movement of
vitiated Vata Dosha.
Sara guna due to the anulomana nature attained by the
laxative action, it helps to alleviate apanavayu which further
normalizes vata. This in turn helps in the homeostasis of the
three humours of the body, which regularize the digestive
fire leading to a proper metabolism.
UshnaVirya, Laghu Ruksha, Tiksna guna- helps to alleviate
srotopalepa and with the help of sara guna the action of the
drug becomes more rapid and easier
CONCLUSION
Brimhana Dravya predominantly comprises of Parthiva
and Apya Bhavas.
Vatapita hara properties.
Brimhana means proportionate body composition
mainly through Kapha, Mamsa and Meda that leads to
proper development and enhancementofdifferentbody
part.
Probably mode of action of Brimhana Dravya's can be
accessed on the ground of its Gunapanchaka. It is found
that majority of ingredients havepredominanceofGuru,
Snigdha, Shita and Manda Guna, Madhura Rasa and
Madhura Vipaka causing Brimhana effect.
Apart from this with some drugs in brmhaniya
dashaimani are Tikta kasaya rasa, Laghu, Tiksna guna,
UshnaVirya, kau vipaka help in regularize the Agni
5. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD38285 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 1 | November-December 2020 Page 1498
leading to a proper metabolism and alleviate
srotopalepa. During the treatment of Karshya one
should be cautious that Brimhana Dravya's used insuch
instances should be LaghuSantarpana innaturebecause
already in an emaciated person Sharirbala andAgnibala
are reduced. So over all action – brmhana. Some act by –
Clearing the sotas and Correcting agnibala. Others
nourishes all dhatus.
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