presentation on plant pterocarpus marsupium

1. QUADRA INSTITUTE OF AYURVEDA
DEPARTMENT OF DRAVYAGUNA
VIJAYSAR
Guided By :-
Dr. Parul Anand MD (Ayu) PhD
HOD & Asso. Prof.
Dr. Pooja Bhandari MD (Ayu)
Assistant Prof.
Dr. Ragini MD (Ayu)
Assistant Prof.
Presented By :-
Aranya Verma
BAMS 2nd Prof.
Batch 2021-26

2. VIJAYSAR
Pterocarpus marsupium LINN

3. INTRODUCTION
VIJAYSAR
(Pterocarpus marsupium Linn.)
Pterocarpus marsupium Linn, commonly known as Vijaysar
or Indian Kino, is a species of tree native to the
Indian subcontinent. Belonging to the Fabaceae family,
this medium-sized deciduous tree is renowned for its
therapeutic properties and has been an integral part
of traditional Indian medicine for centuries. The name
"Vijaysar" is derived from Sanskrit, where "Vijaya"
means victory and "Saar" refers to essence,
symbolizing the tree's significant medicinal value in
promoting health and well-being. Indigenous to regions like India, Nepal, and
Sri Lanka, Pterocarpus marsupium thrives in tropical climates and is often found growing in the
moist, deciduous forests of these areas.
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

4. Post-Vedic Period
In addition to its medicinal uses, Vijaysar
also found applications in other aspects of
daily life. The heartwood of the tree was
valued for its durability and resistance to
termites, making it sought after for crafting
furniture, utensils, and even traditional wooden
cups known as "tumbler cups" or "Dant Patra,"
which were used to store water overnight for its purported
health benefits
--https://easyayurveda.com/vijaysar

5. Samhita Period
चरक संहिता
•हतक्त स्कन्ध्
सुश्रुत संहिता
•हतक्त गण
अष्टाङ्ग हृदय
•असनाहद गण

6. Description in Nighantu’s
 राजहनघण्टु
(प्रभद्रादिवर्ग)
असनवृक्ष
असनस्तु महासर्गः सौरिर्गन्धूकपुष्पकः |
दप्रयको र्ीर्वृक्षश्च नीलकः दप्रयशालकः ||१३२||
असनः कटुरुष्णश्च दिक्तो वािादिगिोषनुि् |
सािको र्लिोषघ्नो िक्तमण्डलनाशनः ||१३३||
 क
ै यदेवहनघण्टु
(ओषदिवर्ग)
बीजक
असनो र्ीर्कः काव्यः दप्रयो र्न्धूकपुष्पकः ||८११||
र्ीर्कः कटुकः सोष्णः कषायः कफदपत्तहा |
त्वचः क
े श्योऽस्रदपत्तघ्नः क
ृ दमवीसपगनाशनः ||८१३||
असनस्य च पुष्पादि दवपाक
े मिुिादि च ||८१४||
 धन्वन्तररहनघण्टु
(आम्रादिवर्ग)
असन
असनस्तु महासर्गः सौरिर्गन्धूकपुष्पकः |
दप्रयको र्ीर्कः श्यामः सुनीलः दप्रयशालकः |
र्ीर्कः सकषायश्च कफदपत्तास्रनाशनः ||१२६||
 भावप्रकाशहनघण्टु
(वटादिवर्ग)
बीजक
र्ीर्कः पीिसािश्च पीिशालक इत्यदप |
र्न्धूकपुष्पः दप्रयकः सर्गकश्चासनः स्मृिः ||२५||
र्ीर्कः क
ु ष्ठवीसपगदित्रमेहर्ुिदिमीन् |
हन्ति श्लेष्मास्रदपत्तञ्च त्वच्यः क
े श्यो िसायनः ||२६||

7. Classical Categorisation
1.Sushruta- Salaasaradi gna
2.Vabhata- Asanadi Gana
3.Kaiyadeva Nighantu - Aushadhi Varga
4.Dhanvantari Nighantu - Amradi Varga
5.Bhavaprakasha - Vatadi Varga
6.Rajanighantu - Prabhadradi Varga
CATEGORISATION
- There Is no Mention of Vijaysar in Siddhu Mantra.

8. Description in Nighantu’s
 शब्दचन्द्रिका
(वृक्षादिवर्ग)
असन
पीिशालो हरिद्राभः पीिनः पिमायुषः |
सर्गकासनर्न्धूकपुष्पदप्रयकर्ीवकाः ||५३||
 सौश्रुतहनघण्टु
(सालसािादिर्ि)
असन
असनो र्ीर्कश्चैव क
ृ ष्टवृक्षस्तथैव च |
दिष्यवृक्षः पुष्पवृक्षो नीलदनयागस एव च ||६६||
 अष्टाङ्गहनघण्टु
(असनादिर्ि)
असनदिदनशभूर्गिेिवाहप्रकीयागः
खदििकििभण्डीदशिंशपामेषशृङ्ग् यः |
दत्रदहमिलपलाशाः र्ोङ्गकः शाकशालौ
िमुकिवकदलङ्गच्छार्किागिकिागः ||७९||
असनादिदवगर्यिे दित्रक
ु ष्ठकफदिमीन् |
पाण्डुिोर्िं प्रमेहिं च मेिोिोषदनर्हगिः ||८०||
 हनघण्टुशेष
(वृक्षकाण्ड)
बीजक
र्ीर्क
े दप्रयकः शारिर्ौिो र्न्धूकपुष्पकः ||९९||
हन्ति श्लेष्मास्रदपत्तञ्च त्वच्यः क
े श्यो िसायनः ||२६||

9. Vernacular Names
 In various regions of India, Pterocarpus marsupium Linn, commonly known
as Vijaysar, is referred to by different vernacular names. Some of these
vernacular names include:
1. Hindi: Vijaysara (दवर्यसाि)
2. Bengali: Pitasala (পিতসাল)
3. Marathi: Bijasala (दर्र्साळ)
4.Tamil: Venga (வேங்கை)
5. Gujarati: Vajradanti (વજ્રદંતી)
6. Telugu: Yegisaala
7. Kannada: jasara (ಬಿಜಸಾರ)
8. Malayalam: Venkai
--https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

10. •Botanical Name: Pterocarpus marsupium Linn.
•Family: Fabaceae
•Taxonomical Classification: The taxonomy classification of Pterocarpus marsupium is
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
--https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

11. MORPHOLOGY
* Tree It is of moderate size to large tree.
The height ranges from 14 to30
meters. The stem is strong and
bended with widely spreading
branches. The covering of plant
is thick and dark brown to
grey in colour.
• Seeds Seeds are single and
reniform
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

12. • Flowers There are many flowers, white, with a small tint of
yellow. Stamens are 9 - 10, united at the base,
but soon dividing into two parcels of 5 each;
hairy, generally 2 -celled; cells are transverse
and 1-seeded.
MORPHOLOGY
• Leaves Leaves are compound and imparipinnate.
Leaflets are 5-7, coriaceous, oblong
emarginated or even bilobed at the apex and
glabrous on both surfaces. The petioles i.e.
stalk of plant are round, smooth and waved
from leaflet to leaflet.
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

13. HABITAT
Vijaysar, is native to the Indian subcontinent and is
primarily found in various parts of India, Nepal, and
Sri Lanka. Its natural habitat includes moist, deciduous
forests, typically in tropical and Subtropical regions.
Within these habitats, Vijaysar trees often grow along riverbanks,
in lowland areas, and in regions with adequate rainfall. They
prefer well- drained soils, including sandy loam and clayey soils,
and are often found in areas with good sunlight exposure.
In India, Vijaysar trees are commonly found in states such Maharashtra,
Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala, and are
well-suited to the diverse ecological conditions found throughout the Indian
subcontinent.
Overall, Vijaysar trees are adapted to a variety of habitats within their native
range, where they play an important ecological role and have been traditionally
utilized for their medicinal properties
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

14. MEDICINAL PROPERTIES
 Beejaka Flowers
• Madhura – Sweet
• Tikta – bitter
• Pachaniya – digestive
• Vatala - increases Vata Dosha --Kayadeva Nighantu
 Part Used: Heartwood, Bark, Leaves
 Ras Panchaka : Rasa – Kashaya (Bitter), Tikta (Astringent) - Rajnighantu
Guna – Laghu (Light), Tikshna (Sharp) - Rajnighantu
Veerya – Ushna (Hot) - P.V Sharma
Vipaka – Katu (Pungent) - P.V Sharma
 Dosha karma VataKapha Shamaka
 Chemical
Constitution: Pterostilbene, Epicatechin, Marsupin, Pterosupin,
Isoflavones, Terpenoids, Tannins, Stilbenoids
 Dosage (API): Heartwood Powder: 3 to 6 grams per day, divided into
two or three doses.

15.  Sanskrit synonyms
1. पीतसार - र्ीर्कस्य हृियकाष्ठिं पीिविं भवदि।
2. सुगन्द्रन्ध - पुष्पादि सुर्न्तन्धिादन भवन्ति
3. सुगंध नील हनयाासा - हृियकाष्ठस्य सुखिर्न्धः भवदि।
SYNONYMS
-Dravya Guna Vigyan, Second Part- Madhumehhar Varg, By Acharya Priyavrat Sharma,
Chaukhambha Bharti Acadamy-2012, Chapter- Bimbi, 687

16. STHANIKA KARMA (SYSTEMIC ACTION)
Internal Administration-
• Digestive system - Absorbent and Anti helminthic. Bark decoction and gum is indicated in
diarrhoea. Bark decoction and powder is beneficial in Helminthiasis.
• Circulatory System - Indicated in Bleeding disorders, Aamvata, Vaatarakta, Sandhi vata etc.
associated inflammatory conditions.
• Excretory system - Decoction of heart wood is indicated in diabetes. Reduces urine output
Satmikarana - For fast healing of fractures and wounds its heart wood decoction along with
milk and sugar can be given.
• It has a scraping action on tissues hence beneficial in obesity and associated conditions. It has
rejuvinative effect on body.
• Tvak - Indicated in urticaria, Erysiphales etc.
-Dravya Guna Vigyan, Second Part- Madhumehhar Varg, By Acharya Priyavrat Sharma,
Chaukhambha Bharti Acadamy-2012, Chapter- Bimbi, 687

17. HOME REMEDIES
Following are few of its simple and effective health remedies-Inflammatory condition
1. Leaf Paste For Inflammatory Conditions: Fresh leaves are collected and fine paste is made. This is
warmed a little and applied over the swelling.3-4 days of medication pacifies the swelling
2. Hot Infusion With Honey For Obesity: The bark or heart wood coarse powder is added to hot water
and kept for a while. Later it is taken as per requirement or whenever the person feels thirsty this is
taken. By adding little honey if it is taken there will not be any fear of getting into fatigue,
especially in hefty individuals.
3. Vijaysar Use as Tumbler Cups: Vijaysar also found applications in other aspects of daily life. The
heartwood of the tree was valued for its durability and resistance to termites, making it sought after
for crafting furniture, utensils, and even traditional wooden cups known as "tumbler cups" or "Dant
Patra, which were used to store water overnight for its purported health benefits
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

18. THERAPEUTIC USES OF VIJAYSAR
-Bhavapraksash Nighantu/Vijaysaar

19. PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
 Anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity
Dhanabal et al. prepared the alcoholic extract
of the bark of Pterocarpus marsupium and
successively extracted with toluene, chloroform,
ethyl acetate and butanol. These fractions
were found to have beneficial effects on blood
glucose levels. A flexible dose double blind multi-
center randomized controlled trial undertaken from
October 1995 till January 1998 concluded that Vijaysar
is an effective blood glucose lowering agent, its glycemic effect
being comparable to that of tolbutamide in treatment of natïve
patients with Type 2 diabetes .
 In another study,
an aqueous extract of Pterocarpus marsupium wood was screened for hypoglycemic activity on alloxan
induced diabetic rats and the results were found to be statistically significant Many of the
studies have addressed the mechanism of action and toxicity of the extracts as well
 Anti-diabetic activity was evaluated on an experimental model by Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research
(DIPSAR). Type 2 diabetes was induced by administering streptozotocin (90 mg/kg, i.p.) in a neonatal rat model. Aqueous
extract of P. marsupium at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg, decreased the fasting and postprandial blood glucose in type 2 diabetic
rats.
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736

20. AYURVEDIC MEDICINES WITH BEEJAKAAS INGREDIENT
 Asana manjishtadi taila - It is an Ayurveda medicine, used mainly in the treatment of headache and eye
disorders.
 Asana eladi taila - a traditional herbal oil, used in the Ayurveda treatment of headache, ear and eye
diseases
 Asana Vilwadi taila - in Ayurveda oil used in the treatment of diseases related to eyes, ear and headache.
 Narasimha Rasayan - used for the treatment of weakness, weight gain, hair growth and rejuvenation.
-- https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/view/885/736