1) A survey of yellow rust in wheat was conducted across Tajikistan in 2010 following standardized methodology. Severity assessments and varietal reactions were recorded in over 100 wheat fields. 2) Epidemiological studies found yellow rust epidemics occur every 4-5 years, causing 20-50% yield losses. Race analysis identified 5 races with multiple virulence genes. 3) National wheat breeding efforts utilized international germplasm and advanced lines for disease resistance testing and official variety trials. Most breeding lines were susceptible to yellow rust, stressing the need for continued international cooperation.