This document discusses breech presentation during birth. It defines breech presentation as when the baby's buttocks or feet present first instead of the head. Some potential causes of breech presentation include prematurity, congenital anomalies, uterine anomalies, multiple gestation, placenta previa, polyhydramnios, pelvic tumors, and pelvic fibroids. Breech presentations are classified as complete, incomplete, or frank based on the position of the baby's legs. Diagnosis involves abdominal and pelvic exams as well as ultrasound. Management may include external cephalic version to try turning the baby, elective c-section, or assessing progress during a planned vaginal breech delivery.

1. Topic- Breech presentation
Presented by – Mrs. sulekha Dilliwar

2. •Breech
presentation

3. INTRODUCTION
• A breech presentation occurs when the baby's
buttocks or feet or both are in place to come out first
during birth. Breech presentation is often determined
by fetal ultrasound at the end of pregnancy.

4. DEFINITION
• It is a longitudinal lie in which the buttocks is the
presenting part with or without the lower limb.in
breech presentation fetal heart sounds are heard just
above the umbilicus, it is the commonest
malpresentation

5. Etiology
•Prematurity

6. Congenital anomalies

7. Uterine
anomalies

8. Multiple
gestation

9. Placenta
previa

11. Polyhydramnios

12. Pelvic tumors

13. Pelvic fibroids

14. Classification of breech
presentation

15. Complete breech
• Complete breech is when both of the baby's knees are
bent and his feet and bottom are closest to the birth
canal.

16. • Incomplete breech is when one of the baby's knees is
bent and his foot and bottom are closest to the birth
canal.

17. • Frank breech: The baby's buttocks are aimed at the
vaginal canal with its legs sticking straight up in front
of their body and the feet near their head.

18. Clinical feature of breech presentation
• There are not usually symptoms associated with a
breech baby. However, if you are 36 weeks pregnant
and notice the baby’s head is presenting higher up in
your abdomen or feel kicking in your lower abdomen.

19. DIAGNOSIS

20. abdominal
examination
• abdominal examination
in labour are to
determine the
gestational age, the lie
the position,
presentation and
engagement of the
fetal head and to listen
to the fetal heart.

21. Ultrasound

22. Pelvic
examination
• A doctor or nurse inserts
one or two lubricated,
gloved fingers of one hand
into the vagina and
presses on the lower
abdomen with the other
hand. This is done to feel
the size, shape, and
position of the uterus and
ovaries.

23. Management of breech presentation
• Identify complicating factors through sonography.
• External cephalic version
• Elective cesarean section
• Assess fetal and progress of labor
• Reduce anxiety and fear of pain

24. • External cephalic version (ECV)
is a procedure that tries to turn
a breech baby into a head-
down position so you can have
a normal vaginal birth. An
obstetrician will gently press on
your abdomen to encourage
your baby to turn. It is often but
not always.