This document discusses the different branches of science. It divides science into two main categories: empirical science and formal science. Empirical science is based on observation and experimentation, and can be further divided into natural science and social science. Natural science explores the natural world and includes physical science, earth science, and life science. Formal science uses a priori methodology and includes fields like mathematics, logic, and computer science. The document also discusses interdisciplinary fields that combine aspects of multiple scientific branches, like biochemistry and astrophysics.
Unit 1, Lesson 1.1 - Introduction to Sciencejudan1970
Unit 1, Lesson 1.1 - Introduction to Science
Lesson Outline:
1. What is Science?
2. Science as a Body of Knowledge
3. Science as a Product and a Process
4. Limits of Science
Unit 1, Lesson 1.1 - Introduction to Sciencejudan1970
Unit 1, Lesson 1.1 - Introduction to Science
Lesson Outline:
1. What is Science?
2. Science as a Body of Knowledge
3. Science as a Product and a Process
4. Limits of Science
Introduction to physics--Branches of Physics--Importance of physicsKhanSaif2
This presentation covers about physics, branches of physics and importance of physics in a very interactive manner. I hope this presentation will be helpful for teachers as well as students.
Chapter 1 section 1
1. What is science?
1.1. Identify how science is a part of your everyday life.
1.2. Describe what skills and tools are used in science.
Introduction to physics--Branches of Physics--Importance of physicsKhanSaif2
This presentation covers about physics, branches of physics and importance of physics in a very interactive manner. I hope this presentation will be helpful for teachers as well as students.
Chapter 1 section 1
1. What is science?
1.1. Identify how science is a part of your everyday life.
1.2. Describe what skills and tools are used in science.
science 7 Quarter 1 for grade 7 learners definition of science and its application and the different branches of sciences and its products! the natural and pure sciences its types and meaning . The technology and its application on scientific knowledge and purposes.
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Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
1. 1.2 Branches of Science
Module 1 – Historical Background of Science
Ann Maria Baby, 1 st year B.Ed, Mangalam college of education.
2. Fundamental Branches
- on the basis of methodology
Scienc
e
Empiric
al
Science
Form
al
Scien
ce
Natur
al
Scienc
e
Social
Scienc
e Logic
Mathemat
ics
ETC..
3. EMPIRICAL SCIENCE
Empirical science is based on observation and experimentation.
Capable of being tested for validity and reproducibility.
Empirical Science can be divided into
Empirical
Science
Natural
Science
Social
Science
4. EMPIRICAL SCIENCE
Naturalscience
Branch of science that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the natural
world by applying an empirical and scientific method.
Natural Science can be divided into
Natural
Science
Physical
Science
Earth
Science
Life
science
6. Natural science
PhysicalScience
Physical science is the study of the inorganic world.
That is, it does not study living things. (Those are studied in biological, or
life, science.)
Physical Science can be divided into
Physical
Science
Physics Chemistry Astronomy
7. PhysicalScience
Physics
The study of matter and energy and the interactions between them.
It is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how
the universe behaves.
It is the natural science that studies matter, behavior and its motion
through space and time.
8. PhysicalScience
Chemistry
The science that deals with the composition, properties, reactions, and the
structure of matter.
Different Branches of Chemistry
Chemistry
Physical
Chemistry
Organic
Chemistry
Inorganic
Chemistry
Analytical
Chemistry
Biochemistry
Environment
al Chemistry
Industrial
Chemistry
Polymer
Chemistry
Theoretical
Chemistry
Thermochem
istry
9. PhysicalScience
Astronomy
The study of the universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere.
Different Branches of Astronomy
Astronomy
Astrobiology Astrophysics
10. Natural science
EarthScience
Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to
planet Earth.
This is a branch of science dealing with the physical and chemical
constitution of Earth and its atmosphere
Earth Science can be divided into
Earth Science
Geology Oceanography Pale ontology Metrology
11. EarthScience
Geology
The science of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth, and the
physical, chemical, and biological changes that it has experienced or is
experiencing.
It includes the study of organisms that have inhabited
our planet.
13. EarthScience
Paleontology
The science of the forms of life that existed
in prehistoric or geologic periods.
Paleontology is the study of the history of life
on Earth as based on fossils.
14. EarthScience
Meteorology
The science that deals with the atmosphere and
its phenomena, such as weather and climate.
It is a branch of the atmospheric sciences which
includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric
physics, with a major focus on weather forecasting.
16. Natural science
LifeScience(Biology)
Life science is the study of life and living things.
It including their physical structure, chemical processes, molecular
interactions, physiological mechanisms, development and evolution.
Life Science can be divided into
Life Science
Botany Zoology Genetics
17. LifeScience(Biology)
Botony
The study of plants.
"Plants," to most people, means a wide range of
living organisms from the smallest bacteria
to the largest living things.
18. LifeScience(Biology)
Zoology
The science that covers animals and animal life.
It covers areas ranging from the structure of
organisms to the subcellular unit of life.
21. EMPIRICAL SCIENCE
Socialscience
Social science is the branch of science devoted to the study of societies and the
relationships among individuals within those societies.
The term was formerly used to refer to the field of sociology, the original "science of
society“
"Social science" is commonly used as an umbrella term to refer to a plurality of fields
outside of the natural sciences.
22. FORMAL SCIENCE
Branches of knowledge that are concerned with formal systems.
They use a priori methodology for knowledge development.
Properties of formal systems based on definitions and rules.
They include Mathematics, logic, Theoretical computer science ,Information and
systems theory ,Statistics ,Some aspects of linguistics
24. APPLIED SCIENCE OR NEW BRANCHES
Application of scientific knowledge transferred into a physical environment.
Applied science differs from fundamental science, which seeks to describe the most
basic objects and forces, having less emphasis on practical applications.
Example fields of applied science include Engineering, Applied mathematics, Applied
physics, Medicine and Computer science
25. Emergence of interdisciplinary subjects
One branch of science uses knowledge and techniques from other branches of science, to
solve its complicated processes.
Most of the recent discoveries and inventions in one discipline have resulted from the
joint endeavor between different branches of sciences.
For example, light (studied in physics) is the energy source behind the (chemical) process
of photosynthesis, or food production, in plants (studied in biology).
