Brainstorming is an open-ended approach to exploring a topic by generating many ideas and building off each other's thoughts. Concept mapping takes brainstorming further by visually organizing the relationships between key concepts, with the central topic or theme in the center and related sub-topics branching out. There are different types of concept maps like spider maps that radiate from the center and hierarchical maps that arrange information in descending order of importance. Both brainstorming and concept mapping can help reflect on a topic and identify what is known and unknown.