This is the second part of the BOSCO-Uganda ICT Training manual, covering material presented at the user level. This second part covers Office applications.
This document provides instructions for various Microsoft Word features including:
1. Formatting a letter and adding a second page.
2. Formatting text and adding borders.
3. Inserting clip art on a third page.
4. Printing and formatting envelopes and labels.
5. Using keyboard shortcuts to perform common tasks more efficiently.
6. Highlighting and moving text within a document.
7. Attaching documents to emails.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Microsoft Word. It explains how to open Word, create new documents, open existing documents, save documents, print documents, and change basic document settings and formatting. Key functions covered include the file menu, tool bar, font formatting options, and inserting pictures. The document is intended to familiarize new Word users with basic program navigation and common tasks.
Microsoft Word 2007: Create Your First Documentomoviejohn
This document provides a training course on creating a first document in Microsoft Word 2007. The course covers how to type text, format paragraphs, change page margins, save documents, and accept or reject spelling and grammar suggestions. It includes lessons on using the ribbon, typing text, identifying formatting marks, adjusting page margins, and saving work. The document concludes with practice suggestions and a short quiz to test the user's understanding.
The document provides instructions for using Mail Merge in Microsoft Word 2003 to combine a main document with a data source to produce individualized documents. Mail Merge allows inserting fields from a database, spreadsheet, or other structured data into documents like letters and labels. It requires a main document and a data source file. The instructions outline starting a new mail merge, selecting a data source like an Access database, inserting recipient fields into the main document, previewing the merged documents, and printing the final individual documents.
The presentation covered finding and opening Microsoft Word, using the ribbon interface including formatting text and paragraphs, and saving documents. It explained how to access Word through the Start menu, use tabs and buttons on the ribbon to format text, and save documents in Word to preserve work. Basic functions like opening a saved document to make edits were also reviewed.
This document provides instructions for creating, saving, finding, organizing, and managing files in Microsoft Word 2007. It includes exercises for creating a new document and saving it with a default name, finding and opening a saved document, saving an existing document with a new name in a new folder that is created, understanding the differences between the Save and Save As commands, moving files between folders, organizing files by date modified, and deleting a file by sending it to the Recycle Bin. The exercises guide the user through the steps to practice each task in Word 2007.
This document provides instructions for inserting various items into a Word document such as symbols, dates, pictures, drawings, word art, text boxes, and tables. It explains how to access the relevant tools on the Insert tab and describes how to manipulate inserted items using the corresponding formatting tabs. Basic functions like spelling and grammar checks are also outlined. The document uses examples to illustrate how to perform tasks like inserting images, drawings, word art, and tables into a Word document.
This document provides instructions for various Microsoft Word features including:
1. Formatting a letter and adding a second page.
2. Formatting text and adding borders.
3. Inserting clip art on a third page.
4. Printing and formatting envelopes and labels.
5. Using keyboard shortcuts to perform common tasks more efficiently.
6. Highlighting and moving text within a document.
7. Attaching documents to emails.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Microsoft Word. It explains how to open Word, create new documents, open existing documents, save documents, print documents, and change basic document settings and formatting. Key functions covered include the file menu, tool bar, font formatting options, and inserting pictures. The document is intended to familiarize new Word users with basic program navigation and common tasks.
Microsoft Word 2007: Create Your First Documentomoviejohn
This document provides a training course on creating a first document in Microsoft Word 2007. The course covers how to type text, format paragraphs, change page margins, save documents, and accept or reject spelling and grammar suggestions. It includes lessons on using the ribbon, typing text, identifying formatting marks, adjusting page margins, and saving work. The document concludes with practice suggestions and a short quiz to test the user's understanding.
The document provides instructions for using Mail Merge in Microsoft Word 2003 to combine a main document with a data source to produce individualized documents. Mail Merge allows inserting fields from a database, spreadsheet, or other structured data into documents like letters and labels. It requires a main document and a data source file. The instructions outline starting a new mail merge, selecting a data source like an Access database, inserting recipient fields into the main document, previewing the merged documents, and printing the final individual documents.
The presentation covered finding and opening Microsoft Word, using the ribbon interface including formatting text and paragraphs, and saving documents. It explained how to access Word through the Start menu, use tabs and buttons on the ribbon to format text, and save documents in Word to preserve work. Basic functions like opening a saved document to make edits were also reviewed.
This document provides instructions for creating, saving, finding, organizing, and managing files in Microsoft Word 2007. It includes exercises for creating a new document and saving it with a default name, finding and opening a saved document, saving an existing document with a new name in a new folder that is created, understanding the differences between the Save and Save As commands, moving files between folders, organizing files by date modified, and deleting a file by sending it to the Recycle Bin. The exercises guide the user through the steps to practice each task in Word 2007.
This document provides instructions for inserting various items into a Word document such as symbols, dates, pictures, drawings, word art, text boxes, and tables. It explains how to access the relevant tools on the Insert tab and describes how to manipulate inserted items using the corresponding formatting tabs. Basic functions like spelling and grammar checks are also outlined. The document uses examples to illustrate how to perform tasks like inserting images, drawings, word art, and tables into a Word document.
Learn about some very useful technologies that teachers can use in the classroom. Not only are these applications simple to use, but they are also free to first-time users!
This document provides an overview and objectives for learning essential concepts and skills for using Office 2010 and Windows 7. It covers topics such as performing basic mouse and window operations, starting programs, using the ribbon interface, managing files and folders, changing screen resolution, and performing basic tasks in Office programs like Word, PowerPoint, and Excel. The objectives are to learn how to use the basic features and functions of Windows 7 and Office 2010.
This document provides instructions for using Internet Explorer and conducting basic internet searches. It covers opening Internet Explorer, parts of the browser like the address bar and buttons, how to navigate web pages using links and scroll bars, how to search online using search engines like Google, and safety tips for online shopping and virus protection. Students are introduced to common web sites and search engines and instructed to practice exploring sites and searching for topics that interest them.
This document provides an overview of Office 365 and outlines features of the Outlook Web App (OWA) and Microsoft Outlook 2013. It discusses how OWA allows users to access email, calendar, contacts and tasks from any device with an internet connection. Key features covered include changing passwords, creating email rules and auto-replies, managing multiple calendars, and creating tasks. Microsoft Outlook 2013 customization options are also summarized, such as customizing the view, filtering emails, and adding calendar permissions.
This document provides training on how to create your first document in Microsoft Word 2007. It covers topics such as typing text, formatting paragraphs, changing page margins, and saving your work. The document includes step-by-step instructions and screenshots to guide users through the process of creating a basic Word document. It also includes a few test questions to check understanding of topics like when to save a document and the meaning of different underline colors in Word.
Microsoft Word is a word processing program that allows users to create, edit, and print documents. It has several advantages over other software and typewriters, including easier formatting, the ability to easily edit text without retyping, and the ability to print documents after making corrections. The Word interface includes common windows elements like menus, toolbars, and scroll bars. It enables formatting of text through options like fonts, alignment, bullets and numbering, tables, and drawing tools. Basic functions like opening, saving, copying/pasting, and printing documents can be performed through menu options or keyboard shortcuts.
This document provides an introduction and overview of using Microsoft Outlook 2007 for email. It discusses starting Outlook, navigating the interface including the navigation pane and different views. It also covers composing, sending, and managing emails by reading, replying, forwarding, deleting, printing and moving between emails. The document demonstrates how to set preferences and customize the interface. It provides instructions for common email tasks to help new users get started with Outlook 2007.
1. The document provides an introduction and instructions for using basic features in Microsoft Word 2010, including typing, font features, paragraph formatting, inserting dates and images, and creating bulleted lists.
2. Topics that will be covered include typing, font features, paragraph formatting, styles, editing, and saving and printing. Exercises are provided to practice each skill, such as changing text formatting, adding a date and image, and creating a bulleted list.
3. Instructions are given on how to save and print the document, as well as a preview of print settings before sending to the printer. Congratulations are provided for completing the first class.
Website Tutorial A Beginner%Ef%Bf%Bds Guide To Website Navigationlegal4
This document provides a tutorial on navigating a company website. It explains various common website elements like banners, navigation bars, search features and how to use them to find information. It then describes specific sections of the website like home page, site map, news and events, library, product categories and documents as well as how to search, request literature and find contact information.
This document provides an overview and quick start guide for a new MacBook Pro. It introduces the various ports and features of the laptop, provides instructions for setup and account creation, and gives brief introductions to key apps like Safari, Mail, Calendar, Messages, and Photos. It also provides tips on gestures, customizing settings, using iCloud, and where to find additional help resources.
Microsoft Outlook 2010 is an email management tool used by over 500 million people worldwide. The interface was changed in Outlook 2010 to include ribbon tabs and contextual commands to help users work faster. The document demonstrates how to use key Outlook 2010 features like email, calendar, contacts and tasks. It provides guidance on organizing emails with folders and rules, managing the inbox, and accessing Outlook on the web and mobile devices. Shortcuts and additional resources are also included.
This document provides information about navigating and using help features in Adobe Reader 6.0. It discusses the different ways to access help documentation, including the help window, how to pages, and dialog box help buttons. It also describes navigating PDF documents using bookmarks and thumbnails in the navigation pane, as well as basic functions like opening, saving, and printing documents.
This document provides instructions for using various features in Microsoft Outlook 2010, including favorites, folders, signatures, templates, calendars, and tasks. It describes how to create and use folders to organize emails, how to create and add signatures, how to create and use templates for common emails, and how to create and assign tasks. Shortcuts for accessing these features via the ribbon or quick access toolbar are also outlined.
This document provides an overview and lessons for a Microsoft Outlook 2007 training course on using the program to organize email messages and tasks. The course teaches how to use features like flags, categories, folders and the To-Do bar to take action on emails and prioritize tasks. Color-coded categories allow organizing related emails visually. The To-Do bar displays flagged emails, tasks and calendar items to help ensure follow up.
This document provides an overview of the Microsoft Office 2000 suite, including Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Access, FrontPage, and PhotoDraw. It describes the basic functions and uses of each program, how to navigate menus and toolbars, find recently opened and saved files, and get help. It also provides details on using Outlook to send and receive email, organize contacts and schedules, and create distribution lists.
The document provides a getting started guide for teachers using an e-learning platform called EDU 2.0. It outlines how to navigate the platform, create a class, add lessons and assignments, grade assignments, enroll students, and more. Key sections include an example class overview, instructions for creating a new class and configuring class settings such as tabs, curriculum, enrollment options, and grading schemes. The guide aims to help new teachers get up and running on the core functionality of EDU 2.0.
1. The document provides instructions for organizing, finding, and working with files and folders on a computer. It describes how to navigate folders, create new folders, rename and delete files and folders, change views, and search for files.
2. Instructions are given for inserting photos into documents, viewing photos as a slideshow, and making folders to organize photos.
3. Steps are outlined for opening, saving, and copying files between a memory stick and folders on the computer. The document covers using Word and navigating between folders on the desktop and documents library.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the Microsoft Word 2007 interface. It describes the main sections of the Word window including the Microsoft Office button, Quick Access toolbar, Ribbon, ruler, text area, scroll bars, and status bar. It also explains how to navigate around a document using keyboard shortcuts and mouse clicks, select text, cut and paste content, check spelling and grammar, and change font sizes. The goal is to familiarize new users with the basic Word window and commands.
Learn about some very useful technologies that teachers can use in the classroom. Not only are these applications simple to use, but they are also free to first-time users!
This document provides an overview and objectives for learning essential concepts and skills for using Office 2010 and Windows 7. It covers topics such as performing basic mouse and window operations, starting programs, using the ribbon interface, managing files and folders, changing screen resolution, and performing basic tasks in Office programs like Word, PowerPoint, and Excel. The objectives are to learn how to use the basic features and functions of Windows 7 and Office 2010.
This document provides instructions for using Internet Explorer and conducting basic internet searches. It covers opening Internet Explorer, parts of the browser like the address bar and buttons, how to navigate web pages using links and scroll bars, how to search online using search engines like Google, and safety tips for online shopping and virus protection. Students are introduced to common web sites and search engines and instructed to practice exploring sites and searching for topics that interest them.
This document provides an overview of Office 365 and outlines features of the Outlook Web App (OWA) and Microsoft Outlook 2013. It discusses how OWA allows users to access email, calendar, contacts and tasks from any device with an internet connection. Key features covered include changing passwords, creating email rules and auto-replies, managing multiple calendars, and creating tasks. Microsoft Outlook 2013 customization options are also summarized, such as customizing the view, filtering emails, and adding calendar permissions.
This document provides training on how to create your first document in Microsoft Word 2007. It covers topics such as typing text, formatting paragraphs, changing page margins, and saving your work. The document includes step-by-step instructions and screenshots to guide users through the process of creating a basic Word document. It also includes a few test questions to check understanding of topics like when to save a document and the meaning of different underline colors in Word.
Microsoft Word is a word processing program that allows users to create, edit, and print documents. It has several advantages over other software and typewriters, including easier formatting, the ability to easily edit text without retyping, and the ability to print documents after making corrections. The Word interface includes common windows elements like menus, toolbars, and scroll bars. It enables formatting of text through options like fonts, alignment, bullets and numbering, tables, and drawing tools. Basic functions like opening, saving, copying/pasting, and printing documents can be performed through menu options or keyboard shortcuts.
This document provides an introduction and overview of using Microsoft Outlook 2007 for email. It discusses starting Outlook, navigating the interface including the navigation pane and different views. It also covers composing, sending, and managing emails by reading, replying, forwarding, deleting, printing and moving between emails. The document demonstrates how to set preferences and customize the interface. It provides instructions for common email tasks to help new users get started with Outlook 2007.
1. The document provides an introduction and instructions for using basic features in Microsoft Word 2010, including typing, font features, paragraph formatting, inserting dates and images, and creating bulleted lists.
2. Topics that will be covered include typing, font features, paragraph formatting, styles, editing, and saving and printing. Exercises are provided to practice each skill, such as changing text formatting, adding a date and image, and creating a bulleted list.
3. Instructions are given on how to save and print the document, as well as a preview of print settings before sending to the printer. Congratulations are provided for completing the first class.
Website Tutorial A Beginner%Ef%Bf%Bds Guide To Website Navigationlegal4
This document provides a tutorial on navigating a company website. It explains various common website elements like banners, navigation bars, search features and how to use them to find information. It then describes specific sections of the website like home page, site map, news and events, library, product categories and documents as well as how to search, request literature and find contact information.
This document provides an overview and quick start guide for a new MacBook Pro. It introduces the various ports and features of the laptop, provides instructions for setup and account creation, and gives brief introductions to key apps like Safari, Mail, Calendar, Messages, and Photos. It also provides tips on gestures, customizing settings, using iCloud, and where to find additional help resources.
Microsoft Outlook 2010 is an email management tool used by over 500 million people worldwide. The interface was changed in Outlook 2010 to include ribbon tabs and contextual commands to help users work faster. The document demonstrates how to use key Outlook 2010 features like email, calendar, contacts and tasks. It provides guidance on organizing emails with folders and rules, managing the inbox, and accessing Outlook on the web and mobile devices. Shortcuts and additional resources are also included.
This document provides information about navigating and using help features in Adobe Reader 6.0. It discusses the different ways to access help documentation, including the help window, how to pages, and dialog box help buttons. It also describes navigating PDF documents using bookmarks and thumbnails in the navigation pane, as well as basic functions like opening, saving, and printing documents.
This document provides instructions for using various features in Microsoft Outlook 2010, including favorites, folders, signatures, templates, calendars, and tasks. It describes how to create and use folders to organize emails, how to create and add signatures, how to create and use templates for common emails, and how to create and assign tasks. Shortcuts for accessing these features via the ribbon or quick access toolbar are also outlined.
This document provides an overview and lessons for a Microsoft Outlook 2007 training course on using the program to organize email messages and tasks. The course teaches how to use features like flags, categories, folders and the To-Do bar to take action on emails and prioritize tasks. Color-coded categories allow organizing related emails visually. The To-Do bar displays flagged emails, tasks and calendar items to help ensure follow up.
This document provides an overview of the Microsoft Office 2000 suite, including Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Access, FrontPage, and PhotoDraw. It describes the basic functions and uses of each program, how to navigate menus and toolbars, find recently opened and saved files, and get help. It also provides details on using Outlook to send and receive email, organize contacts and schedules, and create distribution lists.
The document provides a getting started guide for teachers using an e-learning platform called EDU 2.0. It outlines how to navigate the platform, create a class, add lessons and assignments, grade assignments, enroll students, and more. Key sections include an example class overview, instructions for creating a new class and configuring class settings such as tabs, curriculum, enrollment options, and grading schemes. The guide aims to help new teachers get up and running on the core functionality of EDU 2.0.
1. The document provides instructions for organizing, finding, and working with files and folders on a computer. It describes how to navigate folders, create new folders, rename and delete files and folders, change views, and search for files.
2. Instructions are given for inserting photos into documents, viewing photos as a slideshow, and making folders to organize photos.
3. Steps are outlined for opening, saving, and copying files between a memory stick and folders on the computer. The document covers using Word and navigating between folders on the desktop and documents library.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the Microsoft Word 2007 interface. It describes the main sections of the Word window including the Microsoft Office button, Quick Access toolbar, Ribbon, ruler, text area, scroll bars, and status bar. It also explains how to navigate around a document using keyboard shortcuts and mouse clicks, select text, cut and paste content, check spelling and grammar, and change font sizes. The goal is to familiarize new users with the basic Word window and commands.
Microsoft Word is an essential tool for the creation of documents. Its ease of use has
made Word one of the most widely used word processing applications currently on
the market. Therefore, it's important to become familiar with the various facets of
this software, since it allows for compatibility across multiple computers as well as
collaborative features. Word is a fairly simple program to use for completing simple
tasks. However, it may be more difficult to learn how to explore the more advanced
possibilities of Word.
This document provides an introduction to the Microsoft Word 2007 interface. It describes the main components of the Word window, including the Microsoft Office button, Quick Access toolbar, Ribbon, ruler, text area, scroll bars, and status bar. It also explains how to navigate around a document using keyboard shortcuts and mouse clicks. The document teaches how to select text, place the cursor, and start a new paragraph. It provides an overview of different document views in Word and nonprinting characters.
The basics of word processing by showing they can find their way around and use basic features like copying, pasting, and opening and saving documents.
Learn how to use a word processor to make and format tables, as well as how to organise and change table layouts to meet the needs of different documents.
Learn how to add external objects (like pictures, sounds, and clip art) to documents and how to set up and use printers, which will make sure that documents are improved and shared effectively.
The document discusses some of the new features of Microsoft Word 2007, including the replacement of menus and toolbars with the ribbon user interface. It notes that the ribbon is now the central part of the interface in Word 2007 and all other Microsoft Office 2007 products. It also mentions that themes and content controls are common features across Office 2007 applications.
opc Info sheet 3 updated word.ppt (2).pptxAsterNegash3
Microsoft Word allows users to create a variety of professional documents. It has tools for formatting text, adding tables and images, and managing page layout. The interface includes tabs for editing options, a toolbar for common commands like save and undo, and a document window. Users can open existing documents, create new ones, and save files in the Word format with a .docx extension. Microsoft Word provides various ways to navigate and select text using keyboard shortcuts, scroll bars, and the mouse.
This document provides an overview of formatting and layout tools in Microsoft Word. It discusses how to change fonts, add bold/italics/underlining, insert bullets and numbering, use the Envelopes and Labels features, adjust text alignment and spacing, check spelling and grammar, add page numbers, and print preview and print a document. The document also provides tips on using Word's help features and keyboard shortcuts to navigate the program efficiently.
Word's AutoCorrect feature automatically fixes common typos and spelling errors as you type. It corrects misspellings, inserts copyright and trademark symbols from shortcuts, and fixes punctuation issues. You can control and customize AutoCorrect settings by accessing the AutoCorrect options in the Word menu under the File tab. AutoCorrect aims to improve accuracy and efficiency while typing and writing documents in Word.
Office automation tools starting with ms wordAnushida1
This document provides instructions for getting started with Microsoft Word 2010. It discusses how to launch Word 2010, explore the main parts of the Word window including the File tab, Ribbon, rulers, zoom control, view buttons, document area, status bar, and Backstage view. It also describes how to enter and move around text in Word documents and how to save new documents and existing documents with changes.
This document provides an overview of the basic interface and features of Microsoft Word. It describes the title bar, quick access toolbar, tabs, ribbon interface, contextual tabs, tell me search bar, program management icons, working area, scroll bars, and status bar. It then provides instructions for creating new blank documents, documents from existing templates or files, and opening existing documents. Finally, it outlines the different document views in Word including print layout, full screen reading, web layout, and outline views.
Microsoft Word is a word processing software used to type documents. It comes in different versions like Word 2007, Word 2003, and Word 97. The Word window interface contains the Microsoft Office button, quick access toolbar, title bar, ribbon, ruler, text area, scroll bars, and status bar. It allows viewing documents in various layouts like draft, print, and web layout. Formatting tools allow adding bullets, numbers, changing font style, inserting page breaks and page numbers.
This document provides instructions for learning basic features in Microsoft Word 2007. It introduces the Word interface and explains how to perform common tasks like typing, deleting text, inserting text, and formatting text bold, italic, or underlined. The document is divided into lessons, with the first lesson explaining the Word window and the second lesson covering how to type, delete, insert text, and apply basic formatting. Exercises are included throughout to have the reader practice the different functions.
This document provides an introduction to the Microsoft Word 2007 interface. It describes the main components of the Word window, including the Microsoft Office button, Quick Access toolbar, title bar, Ribbon, ruler, text area, scroll bars, and status bar. It also discusses document views and how to select text and position the cursor. The goal is to familiarize new users with the Word interface so they can complete exercises to practice using these basic functions.
This document provides an introduction and overview of key features in Microsoft Word 2007:
1) It describes how to launch Word and explains the main components of the Word window, including the title bar, ribbon, ruler, text area, and scroll bars.
2) It discusses how to perform common formatting tasks like adding bullets and numbers to lists, bolding and italicizing text, and using the undo and redo buttons.
3) It covers how to change page settings such as orientation, size, and margins. It also explains how to add page numbers in different locations.
4) The document provides instructions for inserting page breaks and changing the document view to print layout. It concludes by mentioning how to preview
MS Word is a basic word processing program that allows users to create documents through typing, formatting text, inserting images and other media. Key features of MS Word include easy table creation, auto correct, large document management tools, and mail merge capabilities. The ribbon interface organizes commands into tabs and groups. Text can be manipulated through typing, copying, pasting, searching and replacing, and undoing changes. Font style, size, color and other text formatting can be applied using options on the Home tab.
This document provides an overview of basic window skills and functions that are common across all Windows programs. It describes how to use the mouse and buttons, as well as keyboard shortcuts. Common elements of windows like menus, toolbars, scroll bars, and the taskbar are explained. Functions for opening multiple windows, resizing and moving windows, and minimizing/maximizing are also covered. Common editing commands like cut, copy, paste are demonstrated using the clipboard function.
Microsoft word tutorials COMPLETE by Gulshan K Maheshwari(QAU)GulshanKumar368
Microsoft Word is a popular word processing program that can be used to create documents, brochures, resumes, and simple web pages. It has tools for formatting text with fonts, images, tables, and other elements. Documents in Word are typically saved with the .docx file extension. The Word interface includes tabs for formatting options, a toolbar for common commands, and areas for document text, rulers, and more. Text can be selected, copied, moved, and deleted using keyboard shortcuts, mouse clicks, or menu options in Word. Documents can be opened, saved, printed, and closed as needed.
Learning the Basics of Microsoft Word 2010 for Microsoft Windows TranscriptSaide OER Africa
This HIBB begins with a general introduction to the Microsoft Word interface, then introduces various standard tasks including creating new documents, opening existing documents, saving documents, working with text, formatting various parts of documents, inserting non-text items into the document, proofreading the document, printing and closing individual documents. The HIBB also introduces and explains the new ribbon menu system used by the recent versions of Microsoft Office suite products, including Microsoft Word.
At the end of this HIBB, students will be able to complete basic tasks that Microsoft Word has to offer including the ability to create and open a document, save a document, and print a document. In addition to these basic tasks, students will be able to add formatting and customizing elements to their documents, such as inserting pictures, tables, links, and headers and footers.
Similar to BOSCO-Uganda ICT Training handbook (II): Office applications (20)
These slides were presented at the 5th annual Collaboration for STEM Education, Research and Commercialization Forum, Winter 2012, at the University of Notre Dame
Collaborating for STEM Education, Research and Commercialization Forum VII ma...Tom Loughran
These slides were presented at the 8th annual Collaboration for STEM Education, Research and Commercialization Forum at the University of Notre Dame, March 1 2014.
This is the full set of slides from the 11th annual Collaboration for STEM Education, Research and Commercialization Forum held on Feb 24, 2018 at the University of Notre Dame's Jordan Hall of Science.
This study analyzed data from a detector that measured cosmic ray muons to determine their lifetime. The researcher used Matlab to draw a histogram of the data and fit an exponential decay curve to calculate the lifetime. The curve had a slope that corresponded to a lifetime of 2.63 microseconds, consistent with known literature values for the muon lifetime.
CE3-Uganda Fostering Entrepreneurship in an Electrified, Connected EcoysystemTom Loughran
This document outlines a plan to foster entrepreneurship in Northern Uganda through connectivity, electrification, and entrepreneurship (CE3). The region still has high rates of people living off-grid, but there are nascent livelihood ecosystems emerging around increased connectivity and electrification. The plan involves piloting small solar microgrids and providing training to 1,000 entrepreneurs, with a goal of contributing to 400 new jobs. Looking forward, the plan aims to create productive use CE3 ecosystems at a larger kW scale by having electrified businesses also reach households. The goal is a sustainable model of local off-grid utilities providing 30 kW of solar power with storage and entrepreneurial support programs.
Human week 2015 Pabo, Amuru District, UgandaTom Loughran
This document discusses the annual 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence campaign which takes place from November 25th to December 10th each year. The campaign aims to raise awareness about violence against women and children and encourage society to acknowledge this as a societal problem. It also provides objectives of the campaign, which include attracting communities to fight violence against women and children and emphasizing that the solution lies with collective action from all members of society. The document encourages various actions people can take to support the campaign, such as wearing a white ribbon, volunteering with organizations, speaking out against abuse, and spreading awareness on social media.
The document announces a Science Forum & Tour being held on October 22nd as part of the 2nd Annual Notre Dame Soft Polymer Materials Symposium. The forum, targeted at local high school and college students and teachers, will include a faculty presentation on nanotechnology applications followed by discussion and a tour of campus facilities. The goal is to stimulate student interest in STEM fields by providing hands-on polymer materials experience, introducing characterization techniques, and helping connect students with university mentors for science fair projects.
Collaborating for Education and Research Forums I-VII SummaryTom Loughran
The Collaborating for Education and Research Forum has brought together K-12 teachers and university outreach professionals in Michiana for seven years, drawing an average of 150 participants annually. The Forum promotes integrated STEM education and provides opportunities for collaboration across educational institutions. Over 450 unique participants have attended, including more than 200 K-12 teachers who have also participated in other outreach events. The Forum highlights STEM programs and issues of importance to regional educators.
No place like home sept_18_2014_Ward_lectureTom Loughran
Over the past 20 years, techniques have discovered over 3000 exoplanets. While the search for an "Earth Twin" has so far been unsuccessful, it is increasingly recognized that habitable zones for life could be broader than initially thought, beyond conditions similar to Earth. The talk will explain exoplanet discovery techniques and explore new ideas about possible habitats for life in space, most of which would be very different than conditions on Earth.
Carl Wieman, a Nobel Laureate in Physics and professor at Stanford University, will give a talk titled "Taking a Scientific Approach to Science Education" on Monday, September 15 at 7 PM in the Leighton Concert Hall at the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center. He will discuss narrowing the gap between scientific advancements and science education by explaining the relationship between research and effective teaching and learning. The event is free and open to the public, with ticket distribution beginning one hour before.
The College of Science at the University of Notre Dame and the South Bend Alumni Association are hosting a mixed doubles tennis tournament called "ACE for Science" to raise money for K-12 science programs in South Bend schools. Players will be paired based on skill level and can include members of the Notre Dame community, local community members, and celebrities. The tournament will take place on April 26th at 10am at the Eck Tennis Pavilion on Notre Dame's campus.
Collaborating for Education and Research Forum IIITom Loughran
The document discusses plans to build an integrated STEM community in Michiana by creating engagement opportunities between university faculty, K-12 educators, and students. It aims to develop this into a set of regional professional development pathways defined and pursued collaboratively. Opportunities mentioned include building on the successful BioEYES model in other disciplines like nanotechnology and astronomy. Sessions at an upcoming forum will focus on sharing models like BioEYES, addressing new state science standards, exploring university involvement in K-12, and using online tools to collaborate more efficiently. The goal is to establish a research-centric, computationally literate, collaborative community that invites broad participation in advancing STEM.
Collaborating for Education and Research Forum IVTom Loughran
This document summarizes the keynote presentation "Collaborating for Education and Research: Why Forum IV" given by Thomas Loughran at Forum IV on January 22, 2011 at the University of Notre Dame. It outlines the challenges facing education, highlights opportunities through increased collaboration and advancing research, and proposes NDeRC's strategy of developing an integrated STEM community through craft, community, and culture to help revitalize the Michiana region. Specific initiatives and upcoming sessions at the forum are also listed.
Tourism Investment Opportunities in Northern UgandaTom Loughran
From the forward:
The departure of the Lord’s Resistance Army has breathed new life into northern Uganda. The region is enjoying more visitors and its reputation as a “no go” area is being gradually reversed. Improved security is allowing the rapid development of the region and generating increasing interest from businesses and tourists alike.
With this in mind, the Wildlife Conservation Society and the Uganda Tourism Association have undertaken a study, with support from USAID through the WILD programme, to gauge the potential of tourism in northern Uganda and to promote its development and expansion. The study focused on untapped or underutilized attractions in Nebbi, Arua, Moyo and Adjumani Districts in the West Nile sub-region; Amuru, Gulu, Lamwo, Kitgum and Pader Districts in the central part of the Northern Region and Kaabong District in Karamoja. Murchison Falls National Park was not included in this study in light of its already well-developed tourism infrastructure.
This publication is the result of that study and its purpose is to introduce prospective investors to the variety of natural, cultural and historical attractions in the region that can be drawn on for tourism. It also is intended to support the Ugandan government’s plans to diversify tourism products within the country – particularly along the Nile. It is our hope that it will inspire responsible private and government investment that will bring economic benefits to the local communities as well as protect and preserve the area’s varied and unique resources.
The Wildlife Conservation Society is thankful to Charles Abola and Jim Ayorekire of Image Consult for carrying out this study. We also acknowledge the valuable contributions of the Uganda Wildlife Authority, the National Forestry Authority, Uganda Museums, the Ministry of Trade, Tourism and Industry, the Ugandan Tourist Board and relevant district officials to this study, in addition to the development of Uganda’s tourism industry as a whole. We also appreciate the valuable input from private sector companies, who have shown genuine interest in the opportunities provided by northern Uganda.
A final word of thanks goes to USAID for its generous support to conservation and tourism in Uganda in general and the WILD programme in particular. It is USAID’s assistance that supported the study and allowed this brochure to be developed and printed.
Northern Uganda is open for business and tourists!
Jan F Broekhuis, Director, WCS
Amos Wekesa , Chairperson, UTA
Collaborating for Education and Research Forum VII ProgramTom Loughran
This is the program for our Collaborating for Education and Research Forum, our 7th annual, held in the Jordan Hall of Science on the campus of the University of Notre Dame on March 1, 2014 from 8:30 AM until 2:00 PM.
Dr. Klaus Mainzer public presentation at Notre Dame: "CNN Philosophy: From C...Tom Loughran
Cellular Nonlinear/Neural Network (CNN) technology is both a revolutionary concept and an experimentally proven new computing paradigm. It lays the groundwork for a new approach to information processing that is based on brain-inspired spatial-temporal behavior in large-scale, cellular arrays of nanoeletronic processing elements. Prof. and Dr. Klaus Mainzer will explore CNN philosophy’s links with deep problems of epistemology and broach the ways that bio-inspired computing leads to questions of societal acceptance and ethical benchmarks.
Prof. Dr. Klaus Mainzer is a philosopher of science and director of the Center for Technology and Society at the University of Technology, Munich. He studies the foundations and future perspectives of science and technology focusing on mathematical treatment and computer modeling as well as complex systems in the natural world, science, business, and society. His research areas include self-organization, chaos theory, artificial intelligence, and artificial life.
Mainzer is a participant in NDnano’s NSF-EAGER grant, “Computer Architectures for 2020 and Beyond.”
Spotlighting South Bend - December 20, 2013Tom Loughran
From the event organizer:
Dear Friend,
You are invited on Friday, December 20, 2013 to spend a day honoring the innovation that has built and is still growing South Bend.
As a community, we honor our past that relentlessly pursued the innovative spirit that built our community and embodied the name Studebaker. Fifty years ago on December 20th the lights turned off on the last Studebaker facility. However, the hard work and craftsmanship that thrived in those plants live on.
From 10:00 am to 4:30 pm, Union Station Technology Center is opening Ivy Tower (Building 84) for guided tours. The Studebaker Driver’s Club will offer special tours, with Studebaker retiree guides starting at 2:30 pm. The Studebaker Administration Building will also be available for tours from 12:00 pm to 4:30 pm. All tours will start from 635 S. Lafayette Street in South Bend. With the existing development plans, this could be one of the last times that the facility will be open for tours in its original state.
At 5:00 pm in Union Station’s grand hall, we will host an event to spotlight South Bend’s innovation. Specifically, the program will honor former Studebaker retirees, highlight current innovation in our community and point to innovation of the future.
Shortly after 6:00 pm, please join us outside Union Station, near Coveleski Stadium and throughout downtown to see our City spotlighted, demonstrating that the light of innovation that sparked our community remains on and bright today.
You are also encouraged to visit the Studebaker National Museum (free admission that day), the South Bend Museum of Art, and other downtown South Bend activities. All of the events are showcased in the attached flyer.
Please join us in spotlighting South Bend on this important day in our City’s history.
Sincerely,
Kevin M. Smith
President & CEO
Union Station Technology Center
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
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- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
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Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
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Section IIB-General Training Package
Chapter III: Office Applications
Dear BOSCO user:
This manual is meant to train you, the user, how to use office on the computer. In
today’s world, the computer is used in education and business and it is our hope to teach
the basics of office documents, spreadsheets and slide shows, but also to offer an
introduction to its uses.
We will be teaching how to use the open office programs, but there are many similarities
with Microsoft Office and once you learn one, it will be easy to learn the other. There
are many things you can do with office and we do not cover everything in this manual,
just remember what you have learned about the internet and you can research any
question you might have, or you can ask a friend or trainer.
Sincerely,
The BOSCO Team
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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8.1 Lesson 11:
Word Documents
Goals: This lesson will familiarize the user with the workings of open office word
documents.
Understand its uses
Create a word document
Learn about formal writing including Letters, Memos, Essays, Books and
Resumes.
Learn shortcuts
Share a document on line
A. What is a word document?
A word document is often used to write formally. It is used to type Letters, Memos,
Essays, Books, Resumes or Notes.
The BOSCO manual was created using a word
document.
Task: Think of times you have seen typed documents. What are some of the
characteristics of those documents?
B.
Creating a Word Document.
Task: Open a word document and type a brief sentence.
Word Functions and Options
There are a number of things you can do with a word document. You can add page
numbers, you can copy and paste words or paragraphs, you can add bullet points; align
all the words to the left, right or middle and much more.
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Open a new document Go to the icon on the top left. When you scroll over it
and pause, it will say “New.” Click on it. Or, alternatively, move to the small arrow to
the right of the icon, and click on that to view various types of documents you could
open. The icon is the simplest but if you want you can also click on “file,” scroll down
and then click “new.”
Save a document Now that you have a new document you can start creating. Start
by typing a word or two. Once you have done that we can save the document. Go to the
third icon on the left, when you pass over it it will say “save.” Alternatively, you can click
file and then save or “save as.” Saving a document means that you can find it later on.
Click save.
A menu will pop up asking you to name the document. Choose a name. You will also
have to decide where to save it so that you can find it later. You can save it in a
documents, the desktop or in a folder. Decide where to save it and click on the location
in the column on the left of the menu. Once that is done you will also decide what
format to save it in. If you wanted to send a document to someone who only has
Microsoft office and not open office, you will want to save it as a Microsoft word
document. Otherwise the default option should work. Once you are sure where you are
saving it and what it is called, click “Save.”
Open an old document Now that you have saved your document you can close
it without losing any work. Try closing the document. Now in open office go to the
second icon on the left which looks like a folder, click on that, or click on file and then
open. A menu will pop up that looks similar to the save menu. There you can find the
file you saved and open it. Click on the file you wish to open, then move your mouse to
the bottom right hand side where it says “open.” Click on that and your document will
appear just as you saved it.
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Backup a document Sometimes it is worthwhile backing up a document
in case your computer breaks down. If you have an external way of storing documents
just save your document to that, like a USB stick or a CD, or you can back it up on line
using your email account; to do that simply attach the saved file in an email to yourself.
Then if you need it just open the attachment in your email account from any computer
anywhere in the world.
Print a document If you wish to print a document you will need to connect a
computer with your document on it to a printer. Perhaps you will need to retrieve the
document from your email. Once the printer is turned on and connected to your
computer open your document and go to the 7th or 8th icon from the left. They are the
icons with the printers on them. One of them says “Print file directly” when you scroll
over and the other says “page preview.” Click on page preview, a screen will pop up that
puts your document into perspective. From here you can review the look of your
document before printing and decide how you would like to print it.
Another option is to click on “file” and then “print.” From here you can decide the
settings of the printer before printing. Do you want to print it black and white, or color,
do you want to print all pages or just some? Maybe you want to print double sided
instead of one-sided. Here you can make those sorts of decisions.
Email a document If you want to email a document save it and attach the
document from your email account in an email to yourself or someone else. Also refer
back to backing up a document.
Align Words Left, Right or Middle You now have your words on a
document so you can change where those words are on a page. You will notice icons on
the top that are different shapes of “A's,” to the right of that are four icons that look like
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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pages. Try clicking on those icons to see what it does to your words. If you want you can
also type a full paragraph and see how it is affected. If you have the cursor on one line it
will only change that line, if you highlight a full text and then click on the icons the
whole text will be affected, see highlighting below.
Font type With highlighted text or before you begin typing you can
change many things. One thing you can change is the font type. “Select,” or “highlight”
the text you wish to alter. At the top of the screen you will see some words in the menu.
It will probably be Liberian Serif, Times New Roman or something like that. Move your
cursor over the arrow on the right hand side of those words and click on it. A drop down
menu will appear with many different options. Click on one of those options and see
how it affects your words.
Font size Next to the font type is a number in a drop down menu. That menu is
the size of the words. The greater the number the larger the text. Generally you want
the size to be 12, but you may want to change it for special projects.
Bold, Italics or Underline The icons with the A's is from left to right Bold,
Italics and Underlined. Select a text and try clicking those icons. There is also another
option for changing the words. Move your cursor next to a word. Right click on the
word. A menu pops up giving you many options. It is possible to use shortcuts as well.
Select what you want to bold, italic or underline, then press and hold the control key and
then press B for Bold, I for Italic or U for Underline.
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Headers and Footers To add a header or footer, go to “Format” and then
“Page.” From there go to the header or footer tab and click “header on” for example and
then “OK.” You have just created a header, do the same under the footer tab clicking
“footer on” and then “OK.”
Add Page numbers To add page numbers it is best to add them in either
the header or the footer section of the page. Put the cursor where you want the number
and click there. Align to the left right or middle as desired. Then go to “Insert,” “Fields”
and then “Page Number.”
Bullet points To use bullet points make sure your cursor is where you
want it and then click the one of the two buttons to the right of the alignment buttons;
third and fourth from the bottom right of the upper menu options. Click on this to see
Bullets form.
Cut, Copy and Paste and shortcuts To copy and paste select the section
you want to copy or cut. From there you can either right click and then select copy or
cut or you can follow some shortcuts. To take the shortcut press and hold down the
control key. Then hit X to cut, C to copy. Then put the cursor where you would like to
paste the item, to continue with shortcuts press and hold down the control key and then
press V. Or right click and select “Paste.”
Add Columns If you are writing for a newspaper or wish to make columns
for some other reason you can. Click on “Format” and then “Columns.” A menu will
pop up. Select the icon or insert the dimensions you wish and hit “OK.”
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Search Text Say you have written a book or a very long article and you wish
to find certain words that you have typed. Or maybe you realized that you have been
spelling a word wrong the whole time. It is easy to find words and replace them with
other words. Simply click on the icon with a magnifying glass, third from the right on
top. When you scroll over the icon it says “Find & Replace.” A menu will pop up that
will allow you to find and replace.
Spell Check Perhaps you need something to be written formally and you do not
want any spelling mistakes. A computer makes it easy to fix these spelling mistakes
because it has an internal database of words and knows the proper spelling. Say I spell
banana instead of banana. It will automatically show an red underline on the text which
suggests that it is not a word (the red line does not appear if it is printed). Sometimes
spell check is wrong, but generally it is right. To fix it you can move the cursor over the
word and right click. A menu will appear with possible words that you meant to write or
it give you options to ignore the error. The other way to do it is to go to “tools,” click
“spelling and grammar” and use the pop up menu to make any changes. It does this for
all the words on the page. It can also make suggestions for grammatical errors. The
shortcut is F7. Note that other shortcuts are listed next to the option in the drop down
menus.
Look up a word To look up a word you can go to “Tools,” “Language”
and then “More Dictionaries Online.”
Word Count This is a way to determine how much you have written. Sometimes
teachers will ask to have an approximate number of words. This manual has about
9000 words.
Add symbols To add a symbol that is not on your keyboard go to “Insert”
“Special Character.”
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Add a Chart or Table To add a chart you can click on the fifth icon from the
right at the top of the page, go to “Insert” then “Table” or use the shortcut Control F12.
Track Changes If you are editing someone else's work but you want them to see
what you have done, you can add comments that are clearly new. Go to “Insert”
“Comment” or for a shortcut Control Alt N. If you want to clear the comments use the
arrow key in the yellow comment box and select delete or delete all.
Undo Typing Say you made a mistake and you do not know how to correct your
mistake. One way is to go to “Edit” and click “Undo...”
Help If you need help and your trainer is not around to help you, you can go to the
“Help” “Openoffice.org Help” or for a shortcut just hit F1.
PDF If you want to convert your document into a PDF document go to “File” and then
“Export as PDF.” The advantage of this is that you can make your document secure. If
you send it by email as a open office or word document it can be changed by others, but
people cannot manipulate your work if it is a PDF. It is like a picture of the document
more than a working file.
C.
Formal Writing Styles
There are many different styles of writing that serve different purposes. Some help you
clarify your thoughts on a topic like an essay. Others may convince an employer to hire
you like a resume. Or it may help you communicate to someone personally like a letter.
Perhaps you want to publish a story or research project, a book might be a good option.
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Task: Discuss what some of the advantages of formal writing might be?
D.
Letter writing
A letter can be written by hand or it can be typed. One of the advantages of typing is
that it is sometimes easier to read. Another advantage is that it can be sent on line
through email. Typing can also be faster than writing. For publication it is almost
always necessary that it be typed.
To create a letter we will consider the following format:
In the top left hand corner of the page you will write the address of the person to whom
you are writing. And in the top right hand corner write your address. Enter the date a
couple of lines below your address.
A few spaces down on the right enter a greeting, usually “Dear [name].” Then below
that you can write a few paragraphs that you wish the person to know about. You can
ask how they are, but because they can't answer you right away, you have to anticipate
their questions and talk about your situation, hoping that they will write back to you
with information on how they are doing.
At the end you can write “Sincerely yours,” “Sincerely,” “Yours truly,” or something like
that and then leave a space to sign your name in pen. It makes the letter more personal
if you sign it in ink. Below the space type your name and below that you can put a title if
you have one, but for formal letters it probably isn't necessary.
On the next page is an example of a personal letter:
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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[Your Name]
[Street Address]
[City, ST ZIP Code]
November 28, 2010
[Recipient Name]
[Title]
[Company Name]
[Street Address]
[City, ST ZIP Code]
Dear [Recipient Name]:
Thank you for the lovely gift of flowers that you sent to me. Your gift brightened my day,
and it continues to brighten my home.
It was so nice to be remembered by you! Your thoughtfulness means so much to me.
Warmly,
[Your Name]
Task: Write a letter and have the trainer give advice.
P.O. Box 200, Gulu, Northern Uganda, East Africa; E-mail: info@boscouganda.com ;
Website: www.boscouganda.com
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Format taken from goodletterwriting.com August 35, 2010
E.
Notes
Notes can help you remember things later on. They are usually short bullet points. To
create bullet points go to format, bullets and numbering and click on the style you would
prefer. When you are done with one bullet point hit enter. If you want to make a sub
point hit enter and then tab.
Task: Create Bullet Points in two different styles as well as sub points.
I have seen this done in Gulu at a goodbye party for a co-worker. The person wrote
down some notes on how the evening was going to proceed. For example:
Prayer
Eating
Introduction of Guests
Speeches
Director
Priest
Accountant
Head of Volunteers
Words from the person leaving
Chat
People go home
These notes structured the evening by letting people know what was coming next. So
notes can be used to structure events. Notes can also be used in preparation for writing
a document. For example, if you want to write a book on the different types of corn
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around the world you might want to write some notes to guide you through the book
writing process, they might look like this.
Title Page
Table of Contents
Introduction
What is Corn
What are the different types of corn
Where is corn grown around the world
Conclusion
Bibliography
It could also include sub points that you want to ensure are included in your book and
that you do not forget them.
Title Page
Title
Author
Table of Contents
Chapters
Page Numbers
Introduction
What is the point of writing this book
What is Corn
Scientific research
What is corn used for
How does it grow
What are the different types of corn
Brief description of each corn species
Where is corn grown around the world
Include maps
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Who eats more corn?
Conclusion
What did I find in my study of corn
Bibliography
List all sources of research
Notes can also be used to write down a list. For example maybe you are going to
Kampala and you want to buy many things, but how will you remember everything you
need from Kampala? If you forget it could be very frustrating.
Book for school
Clothes
Ground coffee
Jack Hammer
It could be a list of things you need to do before you accomplish a goal. Say you want to
become a football player.
Run every day
Join a football team
Email professional football player for advice
Find sponsorship
Save money for good football shoes
Study football rules
Watch professional football on television
Practice regularly
F. Research and the Academic Writing Process
See Article “Handbook of the Writing Process.” Everything in section E. is paraphrased
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from this source.
Prewriting:
Before writing you should analyze the situation. Were you given a specific topic to write
about? What is the question being asked? What is the goal? Are you going to describe,
or argue? How do you want the reader to react? Do you want them to learn something
new, do you want them to laugh or be persuaded? How do you want the words to
sound? Do you want it to be formal or informal? What is the structure of your writing?
Is it a poem, a play or an essay?
Make a plan. After analyzing the situation you should plan or decide what you are going
to do. For example, you may decide that you will write an essay on Gulu Town with the
purpose of arguing that Gulu Town is a great place.
Gather Information. Ask questions such as who, what, where, why, when and how.
To start collecting material first, write down what you already know. You can do this in
a few ways. One way is Freewriting, this means that you write down everything that
comes to your mind about the topic. Clustering is another way to jot down ideas, write
your topic down in the middle of the page and circle it. Then, write connecting ideas
around the topic and connect them with lines. You can make a list as well.
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Picture taken from www97.intel.com on Sept. 8, 2010
After writing down what you already know figure out what you don't know about the
topic. Once you have figured that out you can begin searching for answers. Use your
knowledge of surfing the Internet to find out answers. You can also ask other people for
help in finding answers.
Task: Decide on a topic and make a cluster map.
The next step will be to write a draft essay (more on essay writing later). Once you have
written a draft. You will need to revise your draft until it has no spelling errors, no
grammatical mistakes and is easy and interesting to read.
To edit your spelling and grammar you can use a computer tool. Do you remember what
that is. You can use spelling and grammar check. This program will guide you through
your document making suggestions. But it is not always correct. Think of words like
“there” “their and “they're.” They all sound like the same word, and they are all spelled
correctly but they have different meanings. The spell check function on the computer
just knows that each of those words are spelled correctly it cannot tell if it is used in the
right way.
So you have to reread your document and make changes, then have someone who is
good at essay writing to look over your work and make comments. If you have someone
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else read your essay they might find mistakes that you didn't notice because you knew
what you meant. When you are writing an academic paper it is for someone else to read.
Have someone insert comments into the essay as you read. Go to “insert” and then
“comment.”
Another way to check your work is to read it out loud. If you have trouble reading it out
loud, you probably need to make some changes.
Once you are sure it is as good as it can get you are ready to publish it. Now more about
essay writing…
G.
Essay Writing
An essay is a formal document used for teaching. Often students will be asked to write
an essay because the process of writing an essay helps people to research a topic, to
argue a point and present it in a formal way.
Each essay begins with a title page. The first page includes the Title of the document,
the Author and the Date it was submitted. It may also include the name of the teacher
and the name of the class. There is no page number on the first page.
The essay itself consists of three main parts:
an introduction, the body and a
conclusion.
Introduction: In the introduction of an essay you want to say what you are going to
say. In the introduction you will discuss the main points of your essay and include a
thesis statement. A thesis statement is the argument that you want to make. For
example, if you want to argue that growing and selling coffee will be better for your
village you will state “growing and selling coffee will be better for my village.”
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Here is an example of an introduction paragraph:
Body: In this section you will make your argument in paragraph form. Each paragraph
will be a new point. These points should “prove” your initial thesis statement. For
example if you wanted to prove that selling coffee is better for your village you would
make a number of points that might include: 1) coffee can be sold for more shillings, 2)
more shillings would provide more opportunities for the village, 3) Your village knows
how to spend shillings well and 4) Other villages that grow coffee are better off.
But just stating your point does not convince someone that you are right. You need to
provide examples. For example, to show that coffee can be sold for more shillings I
might say when I add up how many shillings I can make if I grow coffee on the same size
of land as I use for corn I can make 2 times as much money. Or I could quote the
market difference found in a newspaper and then calculate how much I could grow of
each.
For each point you will write a paragraph. Each paragraph will consist of three things,
your point, an example and a restatement of the point in different words. For example,
for the point “your village knows how to spend shillings well” the paragraph might look
something like this:
My village knows how to spend shillings well. For example, last year my village
used some extra money to build a school and pay for a professional teacher.
Because of this school I was able to learn how to run a business and now I can
feed my family and give money back to the village. So my village spends their
money responsibly.
You will write at least one paragraph for every point you want to make and typically you
will bracket the body of your essay with the two best points.
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Conclusion: At the end of your essay you will end with a restatement of your thesis
and a brief overview of the points you made.
Citations: Sometimes you will write an essay where everything is your own ideas
and experiences. But if some of your ideas are because of some research that you have
done, you need to acknowledge the work of others. For example, if I found out the price
of coffee from The Monitor newspaper, I would have to show others which newspaper I
got it from when the newspaper was printed and if it was an article in the newspaper I
also need to say who wrote the article. If I get an idea from a book, a movie, a magazine,
or an interview with someone I need to let the reader know where I got the idea so that
they can verify my work. If I do not say where I got the information from I could say
whatever I wanted and no one would know if it is true or not unless I cite it.
There are many ways to cite an idea. You can make a direct quote or paraphrase an
idea. You can use brackets in the text or insert footnotes.
There are different styles of citations and different styles are often used by different
disciplines of study. For instance Psychology teachers require that you use the APA
style. Information on these different styles can be found on the Internet. Try searching
“citations.”
Bibliography: At the end of a document is a list of all the sources you used in the
essay. This is done on a separate page. Centered and at the top of the page is the word
“Bibliography” “Works Cited” or whatever word(s) are used by the style you choose.
Below that is a list of sources that you used.
Sharing: Once you are done your essay and have edited it. You can share it with your
teacher. Your teacher may want it sent by email or printed out and handed in.
H.
Resumes or CVs
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Resumes are sometimes required by employers. They describe why you would be good
for the job. It often includes a history of your work experience, your educational
achievements and other skills, abilities and interests that show the employer you are
right for the job.
Often times you do not need a resume, you simply make friends and your friends help
you get a job. This is called “networking” and is good to do regardless of whether or not
you can write a resume.
What to include in a resume:
Contact Information:
Name
Address
Phone Number
Email Address
Educational background
Name of Schools
Dates attended
Highest achievement reached, example, finished secondary school level 4 or
degree in education, or diploma in mechanics
Experience
Name of Job
Name of company or organization (if applicable)
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Dates worked
Other achievements or interests of relevance could include
Hobbies
Curiosities
Scholarships
Awards
Successes
On the next page is an example of a CV template:
[Your Name]
[Street Address, City, ST ZIP Code] [phone] [e-mail]
Objective
[Describe your career goal or ideal job.]
Experience
[Job Title]
[Dates of employment] [Company Name], [City, ST]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job Title]
[Dates of employment] [Company Name], [City, ST]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
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[Job Title]
[Dates of employment] [Company Name], [City, ST]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job Title]
[Dates of employment] [Company Name], [City, ST]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
[Job responsibility/achievement]
Education
[School Name], [City, ST]
[Dates of attendance]
[Degree obtained]
[Special award/accomplishment or degree minor]
Interests
[Briefly list interests that may pertain to the type of job you
want.]
References
I.
References are available on request.
Books
Books serve many purposes; they can educate, persuade or entertain. A book is usually
a longer document and can be published on line or on paper. It can also be sold by a
publisher.
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A book is divided into chapters. Each chapter is a section of the book. There are two
types of books Fiction and Nonfiction.
Fiction Books are stories that are made up. They did not happen in real life. Some of
them could have happened in real life but did not. Others are perhaps totally unrelated
to real life whatsoever. These are called science fiction or fantasy. Books that could
have happened but did not are called novels.
Nonfiction Books are books that are based on real life facts. Facts are things that can
be verified by reliable sources. These are usually educational books. It could be a book
on the environment or on the daily life in Kenya. It could be about food or business,
philosophy, religion anything you can think of that is about reality.
Generally speaking, people read nonfiction books to learn, and fiction books for fun.
You could think of a nonfiction book as a collection of essays with a table of contents
added to it. When thought of that way it is not so overwhelming to think of writing a
whole book.
A table of contents is simply a guide at the beginning of the book that describes where to
find chapters. Every chapter should begin on a new page. Books definitely have page
numbers so that it is easier to find information. The table of contents has a list of
chapters and then page numbers of where to find those chapters.
It is a way of
organizing the book for reference later on or before you start reading. See the Table of
Contents on page of this manual for an example.
Once you understand the structure of an essay and the structure of a book you can easily
“skim read” to find the information you need. First find a book with a title that interests
you. Then look at the table of contents and find a chapter that interests you. From there
look at the intro or concluding paragraphs to find the argument of the chapter and the
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points they will make. If you want to look into further detail of those points read the
beginning of each paragraph until you find the point you are interested in. And if you
are not satisfied with that paragraph look up the citation to find out where to look for
more information on the subject. Again, once you understand the structure it is easy to
do book “research.”
Task: Look up “book” in Wikipedia, and share what you learned.
8.2 Lesson 12:
Excel Documents or Spreadsheets
Goals:
Understand its uses
Create a spreadsheet
Some spreadsheet examples
Sharing spreadsheets
A. Uses of Spreadsheets
There are a number of uses of spreadsheets. Typically a spreadsheet is for calculating
numbers, analyzing numbers, storing and presenting those numbers to others. It can be
very useful for accounting and business planning. It can also be useful for creating
charts. In this lesson you can learn how to create basic accounting documents such as a
budget, a balance sheet, an activity statement and a statement of cash flows. You will
also learn how to create a database that can be used for research purposes. So not only
will you learn how to make spreadsheets but you will learn some valuable business
skills.
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B. Spreadsheet Basics: Creating a Database
A spreadsheet is made up of cells, rows and columns. A cell refers to the individual box.
A cell can also refer to the intersection of rows and columns or where the row and
column meets, create a cell. You can put numbers or words into any box you choose.
The cells are arranged in rows and columns. The columns go up and down and are
arranged by letters a, b, c, etc. The rows are arranged by numbers 1, 2, 3, etc.
If you want to change the size of the cells move the mouse cursor to the part in between
the cells at the column or row level.
If you want to calculate numbers use a formula in one of the cells. Let’s start with the
basics. Always start with an = sign.
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=
Then add the equation you want the answer to. For example
=1+2
Hit “Enter”
What shows in the cell is not =1+2 but 3
The formula you typed appears on the box above whereas in the cell it shows the answer.
The place where the formula appears is referred to as the formula bar. So it’s always very
easy to curb/get someone who wrote the answer directly and someone who writes the
answer correctly using the formula because when you click on the box containing the
answer the formula automatically appears in the formula bar and at times for the first
time users you might not know.
Formula bar
Now try some other basic ones.
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The symbol * is for multiplying. This is because a computer understand multiplication
sign(X) as letter X. so always use * as a multiplication sign in Excel.
=3*5
The symbol / is for dividing
=4/2
=6-4
Now instead of calculating numbers, let’s calculate cells
Initially we learnt that Columns are labeled vertically with letters i.e. column A, column
B, column C up to column Z and the letters of Alphabets are known as column names.
Vertical Column Names A-Z
The rows are labeled horizontally with numbers that is to say row 1, row 2, row
3, ………….up to infinity or no end.
Horizontal Row numbers
In excel reading a box is in the way colunn by row. This means if I want to get an item
from a cell or individual box, I first read the column name i.e column A, Column B etc
then the row number where that particular item/figure is lying or stored and that is
known as the individual cell reference or name.eg A4. This means, I need the number in
column A but that item is in Row number 4. Let us check on the following examples
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below
=A1+A2
Item in column A but row number 1 plus (+) item in column A but row
number/line 2 and try the others.
=A3*A2
=A1/A4
=A4-A2
If there is no number in the cell it will act like a 0
Now say you wanted to do more complex calculations. Say you wanted to add up cells
A1, A2 and A3. You could use the formula below:
=SUM (A1:A3)
It consists of the calculation desired which in this case is the sum. The equal sign = and
in brackets the section of numbers to be calculated, in this case the numbers in cells A1
through A3.
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If you just wanted to add cell A1 and cell A3, you would separate the cell numbers with
commas in your formulas. For example:
=SUM (A1, A3)
Task: Insert the formula on your spreadsheet
You can also go to the formula button at the top of the page. Search for the formula you
want to use.
What are some other formulas?
SUM – Adds up the numbers in range
AVERAGE – Calculates the average in range
MAX – Finds the largest number in the range. MAX is a short form of the word
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Maximum
MIN – Finds the smallest number in the range. MIN is the short form of the word
Minimum
COUNT – Counts the number of cells in range with numbers in them
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COUNT – Counts the number of cells in range with numbers or text in them
IF – Calculates greater or lesser than. Eg. =IF(A1<A2, “Yes”, “No”) If A2 is 3 and A1 is 2
then it would say Yes.
SIN, COS, TAN – to calculate degrees =SIN (A4) for example
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Fill down – to fill in with a pattern. To do so select the column section you wish to fill
in with a formula or pattern. Go to “Edit” “Fill” and “Down.”
Series – If you want to fill in with a series of numbers like dates or just plain numbers
and do not want to type every one of them, there is a shortcut. Do the same as before,
select the section you want to fill in go to “Edit” “Fill” “Series” “Trend” and “OK.”
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Let’s take the example from below. In Column A in the second cell the number 1 was
inserted. The person wanted a series of numbers and did not want to type every one so
they filled in with a series (see above). Then they went to column B and in row 2 typed
in the formula =SIN (A2). Instead of typing in new formulas for every row like =SIN
(A3), =SIN (A4) etc. they thought it would be easier if the computer figured that out. So
they used the Fill Down method. They did the same for columns C and D except instead
of using the SIN formula they used the COS and TAN formula. =COS (A2) and =TAN
(A2) and filled down accordingly. Now this person has the SIN, COS and TAN numbers
for 1 through 8. If the person wanted the numbers for 1-300 they could do that in the
same amount of time.
REF
COS
TAN
0.8414
1
SIN
0.5403
1.55740
71
02
8
-
0.9092
-
2.1850
2
97
0.41615 4
3
0.14112
-
-
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Task: Create your own database and perform a calculation or two. When
you have completed your database try changing some of the numbers and
see how that affects the calculations.
C. Creating a Budget
A budget is a tool for business management. It is a guide to determine whether or not it
will be a good business. A budget consists of two parts, revenue and expenses. When
you minus expenses from revenue you get a profit or loss. The goal is to make a profit so
that you can send your kids to school, grow your business, eat well or make the life in
your community better.
Revenue
Revenue is an estimate of cash generated from business activity. It consists of the
number of sales times sale price. For example say Joe wanted to go into the corn selling
business.
# of corn cobs sold x sale price per cob $ = revenue
If Joe sells a corn cob for 200 shillings, and Joe sells 100 cobs a month how much is that
in one year?
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100 (cobs) x 200 (shillings) x 12 (months) = 240,000 shillings/year
When putting together the revenue budget try to be realistic and ask these questions. Is
the sale volume realistic, is the price realistic and is the revenue going to be constant
throughout the year. A cash budget can help plan for yearly cycles, we will get into that
later.
So in a yearly budget for corn growing Joe would put the following on his spreadsheet,
Joe uses bold to highlight the important categories like the totals so that it looks nicer
and is easier to read. Also note that he included the year at the top so that he can
organize his budgets. Organizing financial documents is called bookkeeping.
Then Joe looks at the expenses he expects in 2011.
Expenses
Seeds
2 x 20,000
-40,000
Food for Family
20,000 x 12
-240,000
Housing
0
0
Electricity
10,000 x 12
-120,000
Water
5,000 x 12
-60,000
Education
for 200,000 x 4
-800,000
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Children
Total
Expenses
-1,260,000
Question, is there any expenses that Joe missed?
When Joe puts the two together and totals them up this is what he gets:
The formulas for the arrows are = SUM(C4:C5), =SUM(C9:C14) or if you’d rather insert
positive numbers the formula becomes =-SUM(C9:C14) and finally the last formula you
can see in the diagram, it is =SUM(C6,C15)
Let us say that Joe wants to change his plan, does he have to change the formulas? No.
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What happens if we substitute 300,000 for corn growing revenue?
Notice how everything changes now that there is new information.
Task: You discover that Joe is going to have a problem if this is his plan,
what should he do? How can he change his budget plan?
What are the options for Joe? He has two basic options, he can cut costs/expenses, or
he can generate more revenue.
Task: Discuss how Joe might generate more revenue, 10 minutes. Then
discuss how Joe might cut expenses.
Think of realistic examples and
change the budget to more realistic numbers if you think Joe's numbers are
not realistic. What is the better option, generating more revenue or cutting
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more expenses?
Task: Create your own budget for a business, be as realistic as possible.
Compare budgets and correct any misconceptions. Then decide who has
the best business budget and why.
D. Cash Budget
Sometimes revenue and expenses are not spread out evenly throughout the year. A cash
budget can help plan ahead to avoid hunger or missed opportunities during the year.
Take the corn growing business we discussed earlier and lets look at an example cash
budget for the next six months. Joe assumes that corn will be ready in seasons and not
come all at once.
Cash
Budget
Janua
Februa
ry
ry
Balance
00
May
June
45,00
75,00
100,0
0
0
0
00
50,00
60,00
50,00
20,00
0
0
0
0
50,00
75,000
April
25,00
Initial Cash 300,0
March
60,00
50,00
20,00
Revenue
10,00
Corn
0
5,000
Total
10,00
Revenue
0
5,000
0
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
0
0
Expenses
Seeds
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20,000
-
-
-
-
10,00
20,00
20,00
-
Food
0
20,000 15,000 15,000 0
0
Housing
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
0
-
-
-
10,00
-
10,00
10,00
10,00
10,00
Electricity
0
10,000
0
0
0
0
Water
-5,000 -5,000
-5,000 -5,000 -5,000 -5,000
200,0
Education
00
0
0
0
0
0
-
-
-
Total
23500
-
-
Expenses
0
55,000
30000 30000 25000
35000
Cash
75,00
45,00
75,00
100,0
85,00
Balance
0
0
0
00
0
25,000
See how Joe has 300,000 to begin with. He was able to send one of his kids to school
for the semester, but three had to stay home. He used spreadsheet formulas to calculate
total revenue, total expenses and the cash balance. To calculate the cash balance he
used =SUM (Initial Cash Balance, Total Revenue, Total Expenses). This adds the initial
cash with revenue and then because the expense is a negative number it takes away from
the cash balance.
When Joe was done calculating January, he moved the ending cash balance up to the
top of February for the initial cash balance.
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You can see how the cash budget is a good predictor of possible troubles in the future.
Joe only had 25,000 by the end of February.
Task: Discuss what you think will happen in the second half of the year.
What should Joe do?
E. Income Statement
The income statement is like a budget, but it describes what actually happened after the
fact. Let’s see the income statement for Joe:
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42. 2011 Income Statement
Revenue
Corn
Potatoes
Carrots
Total Revenue
Expenses
Seeds
Food for Family
Housing
Electricity
Water
Education for Children
Total Expenses
137
Explanation
200 x 100 x 12
500 x 50 x 12
400 x 200 x 12
240000
300000
960000
1500000
6 x 20,000
20,000 x 12
0
10,000 x 12
5,000 x 12
200,000 x 4
Total Profit/Loss
-120000
-240000
0
-120000
-60000
-800000
-1340000
160000
Task: Discuss what did Joe decide to do after he looked at his budget? Did
it work? What should Joe do with the profit? Should he change anything
for the 2012 budget? What do you want to know about Joe's future before
making any further decisions?
F. Balance Sheet
Assets = Liabilities + Net Assets
What does this formula mean? Let's start with assets.
Assets are things that you or your business own that have value. This means that you
could sell them in the market.
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Task: What kinds of things could you sell in the market, or have a value in
Shillings?
Examples:
Cash
Property
Housing
Inventory
Crops
Clothes
Tools
Liabilities are things you will have to pay for. For example. If you are renting a building
in Gulu and you pay at the end of the month. If it is near the end of the month and you
have not paid yet, you will owe the landlord money. This is a liability to you. On the
other hand, for the landlord, your liability is an asset and would record it as an asset.
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Net Assets are your Assets – Liabilities. Change in Net Assets happens when you make a
profit or loss on your income statement. So Assets are really Assets – Liabilities +
Revenue – Expenses.
Let's look at an example balance sheet.
Lam's Balance Sheet 2009
Assets
Cash
Inventory
Property
Buildings
Tools
Total Assets
Liabilities
Water Bill
Rent Money
Total Liabilities
Net Assets
Previous Net Assets
Change in Net Assets
Total Net Assets
Liabilities + Net Assets
200000
1500000
700000
200000
500000
3100000
200000
100000
300000
2000000
800000
2800000
3100000
Task: After looking at the balance sheet can anyone say why it is called a
balance sheet?
Answer. Because Assets will “balance” with “Liabilities and Net Assets”
How does the balance sheet help you? The goal is still to increase your net assets.
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Not always, but sometimes you can “rent” your assets. What is the benefit of renting
rather than selling? The benefit is that you get to keep your assets and still make
income. So in the future you can continue making money off of the same asset. What
types of assets can you rent out?
Examples:
Buildings
Property
Tools or equipment
Why would someone want to rent rather than buy? Because they cannot afford to buy
right now. Perhaps they do not want the ongoing expenses to owning, or perhaps they
think the value of the asset will go down over time and they want to buy it at a cheaper
rate. There are many reasons. If you want to build a business what is better renting or
buying?
Discuss: Is it worth taking out a loan to buy assets that will provide ongoing
revenue?
G. Calculating Interest Rates; Lending and Borrowing with a Bank
Interest Paid = Principal x Time x Rate
Most Banks will loan you money with the expectation that you will give the money back
with interest. Interest is an extra amount of cash that is revenue to the bank. If they can
loan money to reliable customers who will pay back the money with interest they will
give even more money to those customers. If you can prove to a bank that you are good
at handling money by showing them profit on your income statements and a balance
sheet with more net assets they are more likely to loan large sums of money to you.
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But getting a loan from a bank can be costly so it is good to be able to estimate how
much it is going to cost to take out the loan. If you think that the revenue generated by
the loan will exceed the interest paid, it will be a good idea to take out the money. If not,
you can find yourself in trouble.
Here is how to figure out the total cost of the loan.
Say you want to take out 1,400,000 to buy a good solar panel system from Kampala.
The bank is willing to give you the loan with the interest rate of 20% per year and you
need to pay back everything in 1 year. This is how you would figure it out:
1,400,000 (principal) x 1 (time) x 20/100 or .2 (rate) = 280,000 (interest paid)
In this case the bank made 280,000 by “renting” you their “assets” which in this case
was cash.
In total for this year you have to pay the principal plus the interest. So 1,400,000 +
280,000 = 1,680,000.
Now let us say that Joseph knew that he could make 2,000,000 from the 1,400,000
loan by buying the solar panel package and renting out the electricity. Is it right for
Joseph to take out the loan? How much money can he make from this in the first year?
How about the second?
Compound Interest
Compound interest simply means that interest is charged on interest. So say Joseph
decided he could only make 1,000,000 a year and the loan was for two years. Joseph
agreed to pay back the loan in full in two years with compounded interest. The first year
280,000 of interest was accumulated. This interest was added to the 1,400,000 to =
1,680,000. For the second year 20% interest was added to 1,680,000, not 1,400,000.
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So by the end of the second year the total was:
1,680,000 x 1 x .2
= 336,000 additional interest. Note how the interest is more the
second year than the first.
336,000 + 1,680,000 = 2, 016,000
Should Joseph take out this loan?
Saving Accounts
On the other hand banks can make you money. The bank wanted to loan Joseph
1,400,000 at an interest rate of 20% but where does the bank get the money? You can
help the bank out by leaving your money with them.
Say Tessa has 1,400,000 that she does not need to spend right now. She thinks that she
will not need the money for another 2 years, so she goes to the bank and the bank tells
her that if she leaves her money with the bank for 2 years they will pay her back 14% per
year in compounded interest.
So she leaves her 1,400,000 with the bank. How much does she receive?
The first year she makes 1,400,000 x 1 x .14 = 196,000
196,000 + 1,400,000 = 1,596,000
In the second year she makes
1,596,000 x 1 x .14 = 223,440
223,440 + 1,596,000 = 1, 819,440
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If we want to figure out how much the bank made on this transaction we take what
Joseph paid to the bank in the two years: 2, 016,000 – 1,400,000 = 616,000 minus
what they paid to Tessa for using her money. 1,819,440 – 1,400,000 = 419,440
616,000 – 419,440 = 196,560
The bank provided a service to Joseph and Tessa for two years and in return it kept the
balance of 196,560.
Task:
Discuss what is better taking out loans or setting up a savings
account?
Perhaps Joseph needed to take out the loan now so that in three years he could make a
profit and open his own savings account. Some assets last longer than the loan or make
more money than the loan expense.
Task: Discuss whether or not it is worth taking money out for a motorbike
so that you do not have to walk to work everyday? Does that investment
make you any money?
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8.3. Lesson 13:
PowerPoint Presentations
Goals:
To become familiar with the PowerPoint Application
To learn presentation and public speaking skills
What is PowerPoint?
PowerPoint is for creating slideshow presentations. If a school has the technology a
teacher will use PowerPoint for teaching. Sometimes the PowerPoint will be projected
onto a large screen and the speaker will have a remote to move from one slide to the
next without having to be at the computer. Businesses will use it to convince investors
to invest in their company. And students can use it to share their research findings with
their class. The main advantage of PowerPoint is the ability to make simple slides that
are visible to a group of people. Word and Excel documents are not as easy to flip
through as PowerPoint is.
Secondly, the most amazing thing in Microsoft office PowerPoint is it gives you the
provision of creating scrolling or moving text or pictures and illustrations like charts
according to the different styles inbuilt in Microsoft PowerPoint and you can even draw
the path way through which your text will move on a slide show which impresses the
audience especially during presentation time and this is known as Animations
Most important and amazing not to forget is also how the different slides appears or
comes in after another during slides show presentation also known as Transitions as
illustrated in details later.
We shall later see how we can create animations and transitions on our text and pictures
or illustrations after finishing making your text or illustrations on the different slides.
Note: the pictures are from Microsoft office, but many of the functions will be the same.
Getting Started:
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How to start Microsoft office PowerPoint.
Go to start menu
All programs
Microsoft office
Microsoft office PowerPoint. Then a window like below appears.
Click in one of the two boxes below where it says “Click to add.” Many of the functions
for typing are the same as creating word documents.
Now click on “New Slide,” notice how on the left hand column there are now two slides.
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If you want to change the format or layout of the slide, click on “layout” and choose a
layout you would like for that slide.
To go back to a different slide just click on it in the left hand column.
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You will notice that in the middle of the slide there are a number of symbols. These
symbols allow you to add more visual elements to your slide other than text. For
example you can insert pictures, videos, graphs and spreadsheets.
Let’s try inserting a graph.
You’ll notice that it opens an excel document that
corresponds with a graph. This is a good chance to make a visual display of the
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information you collect. Just adjust the spreadsheet to adjust the graph. The categories
on the spreadsheet correspond to the categories on the slideshow. So if you replace
“Series 1” with “Jon” and “Category 1” with “Age,” in the spreadsheet, for example, that’s
how it will appear in the slideshow.
Creating/adding Animations on your text and illustrations
To add an animation to your text, highlight the text like below
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Animations
There are so many animation styles as you have seen with the above example and you go
to where the is more animations and try the different styles according to your
preference.
Secondly, to add transitions go to animations then transition/more transitions as
illustrated below and try the different transition and after finding the one you like, click
apply to all.just move you mouse pointer over where is indicated transition and see the
change that appears.
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Transitions
You can get get many more transitions as below and try the to see the different changes
that appear
All these are the different
transition styles you can try
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Create as many slides as you want in whatever fashion you prefer and then if you want
to preview your slide show click on “Slide Show” or click on this icon below
to start slide show. It’s a shortcut to slide show and then “Slide Show from
Beginning.” It will open in full screen, you can move from one slide to the next by
clicking the mouse button or by tapping the arrow buttons on the keyboard. You can
even set the slide show to be automatic after some seconds or minutes according to your
preference. This means that you do not need to touch the mouse or scroll key on the
keyboard but the slides will change from one to another automatically. When you are
done, hit Esc at the top left hand corner of the keyboard.
When you are done save your slide show:
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Now your slideshow is ready for presentation. When you are ready to present open your
slideshow from where you saved it and start the slideshow from the beginning.
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8.4. Lesson 14:
Introduction to Microsoft office Publisher
What is Microsoft Publisher?
Microsoft Publisher is a full-featured desktop publishing program that helps you design
and publish professional print and Web-based materials with ease. Using Publisher’s
familiar interface, you can precisely lay out blocks of text, graphics, calendars, order
forms, and more, while Publisher’s many built-in designs help you to quickly create a
professional publication in a matter of minutes.
What’s new in Publisher?
Publisher includes additional publication types and designs, which you can print,
publish to the Web, or distribute via e-mail. These options are available from the task
pane, which makes it easy to get started immediately. Other enhancements for
increasing efficiency include a new page sorter, which lets you use shortcut menus and
drag-and-drop functionality to rename, insert, delete, and rearrange pages, and the new
Find and Replace task pane, which lets you quickly search and replace text throughout
the publication.
Enhanced formatting options and layout features let you design publications with more
precision and flexibility; for instance, you can apply multiple master pages to a single
publication to control several page designs at once, and widow and orphan control let
you control the flow of text between linked text boxes.
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Starting Microsoft Publisher
To start Publisher:
Click the
Start button on the Windows task bar
Point to All Programs
Select
Microsoft Office.
From the Microsoft Office submenu
select Microsoft Office Publisher
The Publisher toolbars and task menus
While all of Publisher’s commands are contained in the menu bar at the top of the
window, most of your tasks can be accomplished using the toolbars and task pane
menus.
Publisher’s toolbars, which group together shortcuts to command commands, are
virtually identical to those included in other Office applications. You can click a toolbar
button to quickly apply formatting, save or print a publication, copy or paste text, or
accomplish another of a variety of tasks.
To show or hide a toolbar, open the View menu, select Toolbars, and then select the
toolbar you want to show or hide.
The most frequently used toolbars are the Standard toolbar, the Formatting toolbar, and
the Objects toolbar.
The Standard toolbar contains buttons for opening, saving, printing, and editing
publications. The Zoom box and magnifying glass buttons at the end of the toolbar let
you change the display size of the publication you’re working in.
The Formatting toolbar contains buttons and drop-down menus for applying
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formatting to text, paragraphs, and objects
The Objects toolbar, which is displayed vertically along the left side of the Publisher
window, provides buttons for inserting the objects you’ll include in your publication.
These include text boxes, picture boxes, lines, shapes, and Design Gallery objects.
To insert an object into a page of your publication, you simply click the button on the
Objects toolbar and then click and drag to the dimensions you want. This makes
Publisher a much easier and more versatile tool for designing professional publications
than standard word processing programs.
In addition, Publisher uses a task pane, located on the left side of the window, to group
common options, as well as to replace many standard dialogs:
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Creating a new publication using the wizards
Publisher provides a large variety of pre-built designs for each publication type. To
quickly create a new publication, all you have to do is select the design and replace the
placeholder text and graphics:
From the File menu, select New.
In the New Publication task pane, select a publication type from the New from a design
list:
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For this training manual, we’ll create a family newsletter designed for print. Later, we’ll
show you how to design a newsletter for e-mail distribution, as well.
Select Publications for Print.
It also opens the Quick Designs preview gallery, which displays designs you can use for
your publication
The preview gallery displays designs for the category selected in the New from a design
list. Scroll through the list of design categories and select Newsletters. The Quick
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Publications preview gallery displays thumbnails for newsletter designs. Scroll through
the gallery. When you find a design you like, click it.
For our family newsletter, we’ll use the Rhythm Newsletter. The first time you use the
design gallery, Publisher prompts you to enter personal information, which it can
automatically include in your publications:
Enter the information you’d like to use and click OK. You can always change the
information later.
The publication is displayed in the main window:
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If you select an option and decide you don’t like it, use the Undo
button on the
Standard toolbar to restore the previous selection.
To change the font scheme for the newsletter, click Font Schemes.
We’ll select Online, because it has the general look we want to use. You can always
change individual fonts later.
Once you’ve adjusted the design to your liking, you can complete your publication by
replacing the text and graphics Publisher has included. The remainder of this training
manual describes how to do this.
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Types of publications
You can create two types of publications in Publisher: print and Web. Each publication
type includes a large number of sub-types, each with its own set of pre-built designs.
For example, print publications include designs for newsletters, flyers, brochures,
business cards, signs, resumes, and labels. Web publications include designs not only
for web sites but also for electronic newsletters and other event announcements that you
can distribute via e-mail.
Publisher uses a distinct editing mode for print and Web publications, with each
containing specialized options. Print mode includes options for commercial printing,
which aren’t available to Web mode, while Web mode ensures that the elements you
include in your publication are optimized for the Web. If you aren’t sure which mode
you’re in, you can find out by checking the Publisher title bar.
Creating a blank publication
If you want to create your own design from scratch, you can start with a blank
publication:
From the File menu, select New. In the New Publication task pane, select either Blank
Print Publication or Blank Web Page.
Saving a Microsoft Publisher publication
You should save your publication as soon as you’ve selected the design and adjusted the
design elements:
From the File menu, select Save As. The Save As dialog opens.
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Browse to the location where you want to save the publication. Enter a file name into the
File name field. Make sure Publisher Files (*.pub) is selected as the file type, then Click
Save.
As you work, you can quickly save your changes by clicking the Save
button on the
Standard toolbar.
You can always retrieve a saved document and edit it again as long as you know the
location where you saved you document.
But try as much time as you can to practice how to make many different publications
like business cards, brochures, calendars, certificates and so on as much as you can in
order to be familiar in Microsoft office publisher.
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