The document presents a project on developing an autonomous car using Arduino, focusing on its components, functionalities, and obstacle detection capabilities. It highlights the integration of sensors and motor controls for navigation without human intervention, along with potential applications in various fields. Future enhancements could involve adding a camera and GPS module for improved functionality.

1. PROJECT PRESENTATION ON
Sumbitted by:-
Abhishek Aman (19110128026)
Aditya Dhanraj (19110128023)
Ayush Kumar Pratik (19110128029)
Raja Kumar (19110128044)
Raushan Kumar(19110128031)
Department of Electrical & Electronics
Engineering
Under the guidance of
Proffesor Kumar Ask
Department of Electrical an d
electronics
Autonomous Car

2. INTRODUCTION
An autonomous car, also known as a self-driving car or driverless car, is a vehicle that is
capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.
This is achieved through a combination of sensors, cameras, radar, and software that work
together to interpret the car's surroundings and make decisions about how to navigate.
Autonomous cars have the potential to revolutionize transportation by improving safety,
reducing traffic congestion, and increasing accessibility for people who are unable to drive.
However, there are still many technical and regulatory challenges that must be overcome
before they become a common sight on our roads.

3. OVERVIEW
Components:
Chassis
Motors and
Wheels
Arduino
Board
Sensors Servo motor Motor Driver Wire
Power
Supply
Arduino boards as the central control unit for implementing object detection and avoidance capabilities.
This particular robotic device is combination of both mechanical and electronics engineering.
This system is made so that it can be used to detect and avoid obstacles successfully.

4. Ch
ass
is
• The physical structure of the car that
holds all the components together.

5. Ar
du
ino
• Arduino is a open source electronics commuity.
• These boards uses AVR series microcontroller for
processing and controlling.
• It focuses on using microcontrollers in advanced
electronics by building microcontroller board .
• You can blink an LED or control and serve motor
or even send or receive your Twitter messages.

6. Ser
vo
Mo
tor
• It is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for
precise control of angular or linear position, velocity and
acceleration.
• It consists of suitable motor coupled to a microcontroller
for position feedback .
• Servo Motors are small and have built in control
circuitry and have good power for their size.
• Servos are used in radio controlled airplanes in robot or
operating r udder, Etc

7. Ultr
aso
nic
Sens
or
• This device can measure the distance of an
object by using sound waves.
• It measures distance by sending out a sound
wave at a particular frequency and listening
for that sound wave to bounce back.
• By recording the elapsed time the distances
is calculated.

8. Infr
are
d
Sen
sor
• IR sensor is an electronic device, that emits the
light in order to sense some object of the
surroundings.
• In the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate
some form of thermal radiation.
• These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes,
but infrared sensor can detect these radiations.

9. Blue
toot
h
Mo
dule
• Bluetooth BLE module is a technology that acts as
an interface that aids the wireless Bluetooth Low
energy connection of any two devices and
establishes a protocol for the communication of
data between the devices.
• Bluetooth simply follows the principle
of transmitting and receiving data using radio
waves.

10. D
C
M
oto
rs • A motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy.
• The principle of working of DC Motor is that “whenever a
current caring conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it
experiences a mechanical force “.
• Electrical motors are everywhere around us. Almost all the
electro-mechanical movements we see around us uses
them.
• Additional sensors and electronics control the DC motors.

11. Mo
tor
Dri
ver
• Motor driver acts as current amplifiers
since they take a low current control
signals and provide a high current signal.
• This high current signal is used to drive
the motor.
• It contains inbuilt H-Bridge driver circuit.

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Ultrasonic
Sensor
Arduino
UNO
Battery pack
Motor-3 Motor-4
Motor-2
Motor-1
Motor driver

13. OBSTACLE DETECTION

14. OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE ALGORITHM

15. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Set the Arduino IDE
Understand the sensors
Write the setup function
Write the loop function
Read sensor inputs
Process sensor data
Decision making
Motor control
Testing and debug
Refine and expand
Developing an object avoidance car using Arduino involves software
development to program the Arduino board to control the car's behavior based
on sensor inputs.

16. WORKING
 The Arduino we used here is connected here with sensors and
motors both servo and dc Motors .
 The sensor receives a signal whenever an obstacle is
detected .This signal is then sent as a feedback to servo motors to
change its angle, While the dc motors are stopped.
 And then it’s checked that the path is clear. If it is then the DC
Motors are turned on.
 The obstacle detection check occurs repeatedly to avoid
collision,this is possible due to the sophisticated algorithm used
in it.

17. APPLICATIONS
Surveillance and Security
Industrial Automation
Search and Rescue
Agriculture
Medical Applications, etc.

18. Result

19. Future Scope
This Project is all about Self Driving Car using Arduino which
avoids obstacles when it encounters.
In future this project can be enhance by connecting a camera so
that the user can see the detected obstacle on his screen by sitting
at just one place and we can also implement GPS module to make
this car self sufficient.

20. Thank You