The biosocial theory of criminal behavior suggests that both biological and social factors can influence criminality. Physical factors like prenatal exposure to substances or birth complications are positively correlated with criminal behavior, especially combined with negative environmental influences. Minor physical anomalies have also been linked to increased antisocial behavior, particularly in violent offenders. Being raised in an environment that supports crime and lacking positive social influences makes criminal behavior more likely. Prenatal substance exposure can cause brain damage and lower intelligence, hindering school performance and increasing deviant behavior risk. A lack of positive social influences or exposure to crime and drugs in the environment similarly raises the likelihood of criminal involvement.
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse and Dependence (Lesso...Jewel Jem
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse and Dependence
Lesson for Grade 9 (Health) MAPEH
Contents:
> Risk & Protective Factors (meaning)
> Factors composed of influences in Life Domains
- Personal
- Family
- Peer and Friends
- School
- Community
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Part of the Addiction counselor training curriculum
Overview of substance abuse/addiction prevention principles including risk and protective factors. NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, and California Board of Behavioral Sciences approved Mental Health continuing education and addictions counselor training series. Narrated versions and CEUs available at http://www.allceus.com
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse and Dependence (Lesso...Jewel Jem
Risk and Protective Factors for Drug Use, Misuse, Abuse and Dependence
Lesson for Grade 9 (Health) MAPEH
Contents:
> Risk & Protective Factors (meaning)
> Factors composed of influences in Life Domains
- Personal
- Family
- Peer and Friends
- School
- Community
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Part of the Addiction counselor training curriculum
Overview of substance abuse/addiction prevention principles including risk and protective factors. NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, and California Board of Behavioral Sciences approved Mental Health continuing education and addictions counselor training series. Narrated versions and CEUs available at http://www.allceus.com
Dr. Julio Licinio, the SUNY Distinguished Professor at State University of New York Upstate Medical University in Syracuse, New York for the departments of Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Medicine and Neuroscience & Physiology is working on the role of bullying and its effects on mental health.
2Source Elrod, P., & R. Scott Ryder (2021). Juvenile justice.docxBHANU281672
2
Source: Elrod, P., & R. Scott Ryder (2021). Juvenile justice: A social, historical and legal perspective (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Introduction
Delinquency and the practice of juvenile justice occur not in a vacuum but in a social context. This does not mean that individual factors such as biological makeup and psychological functioning do not play a role in delinquency or the operation of juvenile justice. Nor does it imply that individuals do not make choices, often conscious choices, to engage in delinquent behaviors. However, it recognizes that individuals and the choices they make cannot be adequately understood without considering the social contexts in which they live and act. Social context also helps shape our views of juvenile crime and the operation of juvenile justice through the portrayal of delinquency and juvenile justice in the media. In fact, much of what most people (including many policy makers) know about juvenile crime and juvenile justice comes from the news media. However, the social context of juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice comprises more than the media. In the United States, juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice are influenced by a variety of factors found in the political economy of the United States and in communities, families, schools, peer groups, and other important socializing institutions. How political and economic arrangements and socializing
institutions such as families, schools, communities, and peers influence delinquency is a primary focus of theory and research in the field of criminology. Indeed, courses in criminology, juvenile delinquency, and criminological theory focus attention on how factors such as economic inequality, school failure, residence in high-crime neighborhoods, child-discipline practices, child abuse, association with criminally involved peers, and many other factors are related to delinquency. Explanations of illegal behavior that refer to such factors compose a significant body of criminological theory. Moreover, theories are important, as Stephen Pfohl has noted, because they “provide us with an image of what something is and how we might best act toward it.”1 The development of good theories of delinquency, then, could be used to develop policies that reduce or prevent it. They can also be used to develop effective responses to youths involved in the juvenile justice process. The following reading is intended to help you can a better understanding of the relationship between social context and delinquency and how various risk factors within this social context influence youths’ behavior.
Individual Factors and Delinquency
Many individual factors have been found to be related to delinquent behavior. These factors are often referred to as risk factors because their presence increases the likelihood of delinquency or involvement in the juvenile justice process. These risk factors consist of biological, genetic, or psychological charac.
2Source Elrod, P., & R. Scott Ryder (2021). Juvenile justice.docxlorainedeserre
2
Source: Elrod, P., & R. Scott Ryder (2021). Juvenile justice: A social, historical and legal perspective (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Introduction
Delinquency and the practice of juvenile justice occur not in a vacuum but in a social context. This does not mean that individual factors such as biological makeup and psychological functioning do not play a role in delinquency or the operation of juvenile justice. Nor does it imply that individuals do not make choices, often conscious choices, to engage in delinquent behaviors. However, it recognizes that individuals and the choices they make cannot be adequately understood without considering the social contexts in which they live and act. Social context also helps shape our views of juvenile crime and the operation of juvenile justice through the portrayal of delinquency and juvenile justice in the media. In fact, much of what most people (including many policy makers) know about juvenile crime and juvenile justice comes from the news media. However, the social context of juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice comprises more than the media. In the United States, juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice are influenced by a variety of factors found in the political economy of the United States and in communities, families, schools, peer groups, and other important socializing institutions. How political and economic arrangements and socializing
institutions such as families, schools, communities, and peers influence delinquency is a primary focus of theory and research in the field of criminology. Indeed, courses in criminology, juvenile delinquency, and criminological theory focus attention on how factors such as economic inequality, school failure, residence in high-crime neighborhoods, child-discipline practices, child abuse, association with criminally involved peers, and many other factors are related to delinquency. Explanations of illegal behavior that refer to such factors compose a significant body of criminological theory. Moreover, theories are important, as Stephen Pfohl has noted, because they “provide us with an image of what something is and how we might best act toward it.”1 The development of good theories of delinquency, then, could be used to develop policies that reduce or prevent it. They can also be used to develop effective responses to youths involved in the juvenile justice process. The following reading is intended to help you can a better understanding of the relationship between social context and delinquency and how various risk factors within this social context influence youths’ behavior.
Individual Factors and Delinquency
Many individual factors have been found to be related to delinquent behavior. These factors are often referred to as risk factors because their presence increases the likelihood of delinquency or involvement in the juvenile justice process. These risk factors consist of biological, genetic, or psychological charac ...
Running head ABUSE AND ADDITION1ABUSE AND ADDICTION .docxjoellemurphey
Running head: ABUSE AND ADDITION 1
ABUSE AND ADDICTION 2
Abuse and Addiction in Adolescence
Selena McJimson
Liberty University
Abuse and Addiction in Adolescence
Adolescence years, the years between 12 and 20, can be viewed by many as time of difficulty and instability. During this period, adolescents deal with emotional turbulence caused by identity issues and wanting to be accepted by society. The beginning of adolescence is marked by puberty, a flood of biological events leading to an adult-sized body and sexual maturity (Berk, 2010). During puberty, sex organs develop fully and sex characteristics emerge. Whether one believes this to be true, adolescence is describe by significant physical, psychological, intellectual, and social changes.
Drugs and Adolescences
The abuse of substance is an increasing area of concern in adolescents. According to Feldman (2014), one in 15 high school seniors smoke marijuana on a daily or near-daily basis. Adolescents are more likely to experiment with cigarettes or illicit drugs without experiencing adverse side effects. Because of this, teenagers are more likely to continue to use. The abuse of such substances has physical consequences for the emerging adolescents, and may produce techniques that imitate other psychopathological behaviors. Recurrent and extended consumption not only intensify their risk of developing a substance use disorder, but hinder the development of essential psychosocial skills.
Typically, all illicit drugs arouse the brain’s reward circuitry which supplies the pleasure feeling. This is extremely dangerous during the adolescence years because it causes adolescents to display risky behavior. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that allows people to think, evaluate and make complex judgements in a uniquely human way (Feldman, 2014).
Effects of Substance Abuse
Studies have shown that substance abuse is also related to a wide variety of psychological disorders. Substance use disorders (SUDs) during adolescence include substance dependence and substance abuse, which result from the self-administration of any substance that alters mood, perception, or brain functioning (Mash et.al, 2010). Substance dependency does not just cause psychological dependence but also may cause physical dependence. For example, if a person uses drugs every time they are faced a stressful situation, it would cause they to depend on that drug to help them cope with the problem. If drugs are used as an escape, they may prevent adolescents from confronting—and potentially solving—the problems that led to them to drug use in the first place (Feldman, p. 372).
People who develop psychological dependence believe that in order to function effectively, they must have the substance in their system. Physical dependence occurs when the body acclimates ...
A GUIDE TO JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN.pdfIrfan Nawaz
A blog post , providing a comprehensive understanding of juvenile justice system in Pakistan. It desribes basic conceptual understanding of juvenile deliequent, its factors, national and international instruments to address the issue, and concrete recommendations for the various stakeholders including policy makers, students, researchers, and academia to develop a roadmap for curbing the issue in true letter and spirit.
Having sex before getting married, whether you're already married to your partner or not, is known as premarital sex. Before a legal marriage, so many young adult must at least had one sexual activity before getting married. Young people's behavior are influenced by both internal and external variables Hormonal effects are the internal cause of premarital sex in young people. It is at this phase of biological growth and social role shifts within the family and community that the hormone controls the passage from childhood to adulthood.
Brains on Drugs - This paper looks into the processes related to drugs and be...DuncanMstar
Alcohol drug abuse is a systematic drinking problem that causes both social and health issues. However, alcoholism or alcohol dependence is a disease depicted by unusually high alcohol thirst behavior that results in loss of judgment through over drinking
Mental Disorder in MinorsMental disorders in children .docxARIV4
Mental Disorder in Minors
Mental disorders in children 2
Mental Disorder in Minors
Dinita Bailey
Mr. Skinner
Eng 215
November 28, 2016
Mental disorder is mainly a health term that is mainly used to refer to a variety of disorders that occur out of mental illnesses. Despite the fact that the majority of mental disorders have been reported during late adolescent and in adulthood, recent statistics have pointed out that there are still prevalent among children. When these illnesses occur among children, there are different problems that can result which may range from biological, emotional and social development. This study unraveled that a majority of the mental disorders are biologically based which implies that they are mainly triggered by biological factors. The study also pointed out that a majority of the problems that are triggered by these mental disorders are mainly behavioral in nature which can have a negative impact on the children affected by affecting how the eat, dress and behave and also affect the relationship between them and their families and also peers.
Mental illnesses or disorders in over 70% of the children are mainly triggered by a failure to effectively intervene at an early age. Some of the most common problems or illnesses that result from mental disorders include attention deficit disorders which affect 5% of the children with mental disorders at a given time (Judd, 2010). This is where children find it difficult to focus their attention and therefore making them to become impulsive and hard to settle down with other children.
The other problem is anxiety disorder which affects close to 6% of the children where the children become afraid of situations and things in a way that interferes with their daily lives. The other problem is conduct disorder which affects close to 3% of children whereby children become aggressive and destructive towards other children, adults, property and pets. The children also develop a less caring attitude about the important basic rules.
Some of the common problems that will be assessed in this study include how these mental disorders affect the basic daily activities of the children, how it may affect their school performance and finally how it may affect the relationship with their peers.
The first problem whereby it affects their daily activities, a child with the aforementioned problems such as those relating to anxiety, conduct disorder and anxiety hyperactivity disorder, the children may suddenly begin having a sleeping disorder whereby the child may have difficulties in getting sleep or on the other hand exhibit a heavy sleeping habit.
The problem can also affect their eating patterns which may also lead to a heavy sleeping pattern or a slow sleeping pattern. The anxiety may also make the child to develop some phobias such as water or particular clothes phobia and the ch ...
Brianna is a 12 year old, African-American child. Client was sexually and physically abused by her father beginning at age 8 until 11. She has been locked in the closet multiple times and sometimes without food and water. This client has also witnessed her father physically abuse her mother and her younger brother on numerous occasions. Brianna has been diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression. Client often has negative feelings about herself, isolates herself from others, does not trust many people, has flashbacks of her attacks, refuses to leave her room, barely and eats.
Capstone ProjectPSYC 6393Components of CapstoneI.docxjasoninnes20
Capstone Project
PSYC 6393
Components of CapstoneIntroduction Problem StatementIntegrated Literature ReviewCritical AnalysisProblem ResolutionConclusionReferences
IntroductionThe purpose of the introduction is the introduce the identified problem/issue and why you chose this specific topic. In 1-2 paragraph provide specific details about the nature of the problem and your rationale (why this problem is important to you).
Problem Statement
The problem statement describes the identified problem/issue in more detail. Please see the Problem Statement Template for more discussion and examples of a problem statement. The problem statement should be 1-2 pages in length.
Integrated LiteratureThe literature will involve a detailed summary and critique of at least 4 relevant sources related to the problem/issue. The literature review should be between 3-5 pages. Please review the readings for guidance on completing an integrated literature review.
Critical Analysis NarrativeIn this section you will critically analyze the problem/issue using the sources collected in week 4. Please review the Critical Analysis Template for step-by-step instructions on completing this section. The critical analysis narrative should be 3-5 pages in length.
Problem ResolutionUsing the steps outlined in the Problem Solving Template, develop one solution to the problem/issue. Describe the solution in detail including the costs and benefits, and the challenges and barriers to implementing this solution. The problem resolution should be 2-3 pages in length.
ConclusionsEnd the Capstone with a 1 page narrative of your final thoughts about the problem and generated solution. Also include your reaction to the project and what you have learned about yourself in completing the project.
References and Form and StyleBe sure that your references are in APA format.Make sure that your capstone is double spaced in 12 pt font.Be sure the do spell check and grammar check.
Running head: Critical Analysis II 1
Critical Analysis II 8Critical Analysis II: Comorbidity an Its Connection to Substance Abuse, Treatment, and Relapse
Paula King
Walden University
Capstone
Dr. Jane Lyons
July 14, 2019
Critical Analysis II:
Environmental influences are among the causes of drug abuse and mental illnesses identified in my week six assignment. The external environment surrounding a person plays a critical role in shaping a person's behavior. Also, the impact of the environmental influences is far reaching as it may also dictate the mental health of a person. Early childhood exposure to stress and trauma may lead the child to experience mental illnesses in the future. According to the social learning theory which suggests that people learn from each other, a person adopts behaviors from the people around him or her through imitation, observation, and modeling (Rotter, Chance & Phares, 2012). With most of the human behavior being learned from observing others, an ide ...
Models or categories of addictionThe moral modelThis is based .docxannandleola
Models or categories of addiction
The moral model
This is based on religious and legal perspective. It acts as guidance to the right and wrong ideology of individual conduct within the society. However, the people who use the ideology exercise their own choices on what to follow. Religion gives a guideline of how people would live together harmoniously, but the law is infinite, therefore, cannot be measured. If we subconsciously know the wrong and right without having a set of guideline does it mean that we are also wrong in God's law. We incur emotional feelings that are unmeasurable and seen through our actions and reactions, Newman et al. 2013. This is in consideration to the consequences that involved due to their action. In the case of alcohol abuse, the individual involved will have addiction to the substance due to personal choice.
Psychological model
This refers to the social and emotional attributes that leads to the substance use. According to Lewis et al. (2014), individualren experience psychological trauma as an aftermath of witnessing violent activities. The effect varies with the age and gender of the individualren involved. Factors consistent in the posttraumatic stress effect include anxiety attacks; heightened stress level; emotional instability; developmental issues; less cognitive and disrupted habitual patterns such as sleep, eating disorder and emotional or physical pain. Life complexities have resulted in acts that have emotional, mentality and ability to act within different individuals. The outcome encompasses merging the understanding of the inner person and the society. The attribution to the concept includes the behavioral, learning, psychodynamic and personality model.
Cognitive has the characteristics of a behavior motivated due to the experiences that occurred in the intake of the drug. For instance, the participant enjoyed the use of the substance would want to indulge in the activity once more. This encourages the repeat action of the individual. However NIAA argues that it results in depression, withdrawal and nervousness of the afflicted. The brain recognizes the substance thus develops withdrawal characteristics in the person.
Learning model use the alcohol to establish positive reinforcement to their attitude, personality or trait. The dependent use the substance so as to reduce attacks that causes nervousness, panic or anxiety, Capuzzi et al. 2012. The hindrance of effectiveness of learning program may be caused by the awareness disconnect of the brain. This caused by the level of trauma that affected the ability of the individual to separate the memory and emotions incapacitating them from learning experience. Rigidity in the behavioral pattern inhibits the learning experience due to the post trauma involvement that form emotional attachment thus incapacitated the adaptability to human assistance. This creates a communication barrier as the individual becomes slow in the learning process in addition inhi ...
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
2.
The Biosocial Theory in relation to criminal
behavior believes that certain biological
differences such as mental capabilities and
physical deformities as well as social
differences such as having positive social
interactions or negative social interactions can
influence someone's tendency to become a lifecourse persistent offender or not.
3.
Physical factors of newborns such as nicotine
or alcohol exposure and birth complications
have been shown to be positively correlated
with criminal behavior, especially when
combined with environmental risk factors.
Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) such as
adherent ear lobes, a single palmar crease, or a
furrowed tongue have had a positive correlated
relationship with increased anti-social
behavior, specifically with violent offenders.
4.
Being raised in an environment that is
supportive of criminal behavior has a positive
correlation with engaging in criminal behavior.
Other criminological theories, such as the
Social Context Theory, also support this.
Not having any positive social influences or
close social connections can lead to anti-social
behavior and offenders without an incentive to
follow the rules are less likely to follow the
rules.
5.
Having pre-natal exposure to alcohol, nicotine
or drugs can cause brain damage that can lead
to having behavior disorders and/or lead to a
lower than average intelligence. These can lead
individuals to doing poorly in school and
becoming involved in deviant behavior.
Having environmental exposure to drug
activity, criminal activity, or lack of positive
social influences can increase likelihood of
becoming involved in deviant behavior.
6.
Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T. & Ball, R. A. (2011).
Criminological theory: Context and
consequences (5th Ed.). Washington D.C: Sage
Publications [ISBN:978-1-4129-8145-3]
Anna Rudo-Hutt, Y. G. (2011, January 1).
Biosocial Interactions and Correlates of Crime.
Retrieved November 26, 2013, from upenn.edu:
http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent
.cgi?article=1098&context=neuroethics_pubs
