This document discusses different types of biomaterials used in medical applications. It defines biomaterials as materials used for structural applications in medicine to replace damaged body parts. Biomaterials are classified as metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Examples of applications for each type are provided, such as stainless steel and cobalt alloys for implants, calcium phosphates for bone repair, polymers for medical devices and drug delivery, and dental composites. The advantages and disadvantages of each material are summarized.
Soft tissues are the tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and organs of the body, not being hard tissues such as bone. Soft tissue includes tendons, ligaments, fascia, skin, fibrous tissues, fat, and synovial membranes (which are connective tissue), and muscles, nerves and blood vessels (which are not connective tissue).
The presentation covers Blood interfacing and non-blood interfacing STR currently available and biomaterials used in thier synthesis.
A biomaterial is "any substance (other than drugs) or combination of substances, synthetic or natural in origin, which can be used for any period of time, as a whole or as a part of a system which treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body".
Soft tissues are the tissues that connect, support, or surround other structures and organs of the body, not being hard tissues such as bone. Soft tissue includes tendons, ligaments, fascia, skin, fibrous tissues, fat, and synovial membranes (which are connective tissue), and muscles, nerves and blood vessels (which are not connective tissue).
The presentation covers Blood interfacing and non-blood interfacing STR currently available and biomaterials used in thier synthesis.
A biomaterial is "any substance (other than drugs) or combination of substances, synthetic or natural in origin, which can be used for any period of time, as a whole or as a part of a system which treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body".
The following slides contain introduction to biomedical polymers, their properties and classification. These polymers are classified in the basis of their sources as natural and synthetic polymers. synthetic polymers are classified on the basis of their functionality. Selection parameter and applications of biomedical polymers are also included.
Biomaterials for tissue engineering slideshareBukar Abdullahi
An overview of Tissue Engineering with some basics in Biomaterials and Synthetic Polymers. Further references should be considered as I presented this a specific target audience.
Biocompatibility - ability of material to elicit an appropriate biological response on a given application in the body.
The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application", Williams' definition.
"The quality of not having toxic or injurious effects on biological systems".
The following slides contain introduction to biomedical polymers, their properties and classification. These polymers are classified in the basis of their sources as natural and synthetic polymers. synthetic polymers are classified on the basis of their functionality. Selection parameter and applications of biomedical polymers are also included.
Biomaterials for tissue engineering slideshareBukar Abdullahi
An overview of Tissue Engineering with some basics in Biomaterials and Synthetic Polymers. Further references should be considered as I presented this a specific target audience.
Biocompatibility - ability of material to elicit an appropriate biological response on a given application in the body.
The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application", Williams' definition.
"The quality of not having toxic or injurious effects on biological systems".
Appropriate selection of the implant biomaterial is a key factor for long term success of implants. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function.
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CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
2. BIOMATERIAL
• The Materials Which are used
for structural applications in the
fields of medicine are know as
biomaterials
• These materials are used to
make devices to replace
damaged or diseased body parts
in human and animal bodies
• A variety of devices and
materials are used in the
treatment of disease or injury.
Commonplace examples include
suture needles, plates, teeth
fillings, etc
3. Classification Of Biomaterial
Based on the application in the medical
field biomaterial are classified into :
• Metals and alloys biomaterials
• Ceramics biomaterials
• Polymer biomaterials
• Composite biomaterials
4. Metal And alloys
• Metals and alloys are used as biomaterials due to their
excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and mechanical
properties
• Types of Metal and alloys are cobalt based alloys, titanium,
stainless steel , protosal from cast alloy, conducting metals
such as platinum
• The advantage of metal High strength, Fatigue resistance,
Relatively good wear resistance, Easy fabrication ,Easy to
sterilize ,Shape memory (NiTi-Nitinol)
• Disadvantages are High elastic modulus, Corrosion ,Metal ion
sensitivity and toxicity Low wetting
5. Applications of Metal and alloy
• Metals and alloys biomaterials are
used in implant and orthopedic
application
• Stainless steel Predominant implant
alloy
• Protosal from cast alloy of Co ,Cr
,Mo used for implant hip Endo
prosthesis and advance version of this
protosal are widely used in hip joints
• ASTMF-136 used in dental
application for making screws wires
artificial teeth
• Ni –Ti shape memory alloy used in
dental arch wire, micro surgical
instrument, blood clot filtes.etc
6. Ceramics
• Ceramics are used as biomaterials due to their high mechanical strength
and biocompatibility
• Types of Bio-ceramic materials are tri calcium phosphate, Metals oxides
such as Al2O3 and SiO2 ,Apatite ceramics, Porous ceramics, Carbon and
Alumina
• Advantage - High compression strength, Wear & Corrosion resistance ,Can
be highly polished
• Disadvantage -High E modulus (stress shielding) Brittle -Low fracture
toughness Difficult to fabricate
7. Applications of Ceramics
• Al2O3 and SiO2 - used to make
femoral head
• Tri calcium Phosphate - bone
repairs
• Alumina used in orthopedic
,Porous alumina used in teeth
roots
• Apatite ceramics - bio active
ceramics-used as synthetic bone
• Carbon good biocompatibility,
wide application in heart valves
• Percutaneous carbon – stimulation
of cochlea and visual cortex for
artificial hearing and aid the blind
respectively
8. BIOPOLYMERS
• Biopolymers are macromolecules (protein, nuclei ,acids and
polysaccharides) formed in nature during the growth cycles of
all organism
• Easy to make complicated items Tailor able physical &
mechanical properties Surface modification Biodegradable
• Leachable compounds Absorb water & proteins etc. Surface
contamination Wear & breakdown Biodegradation
(hydrolytically, enigmatically) Difficult to sterilize
9. Application of Biopolymers
• Synthetic polymeric materials have
been widely used in medical
disposable supplies, prosthetic
materials, dental materials,
implants, dressings, extracorporeal
devices, encapsulates, polymeric
drug delivery systems, tissue
engineered products
• The main advantages of the
polymeric biomaterials compared to
metal or ceramic materials are ease
of manufacturability to produce
various shapes (latex, film, sheet,
fibers, etc.)
10. COMPOSITE BIOMATERIALS
• The term “composite” is usually
reserved for those materials in
which the distinct phases are
separated on a scale larger than the
• biomaterial applications are:
(1) dental filling composites
(2) reinforced methyl methacrylate
bone cement and ultra-high-
molecular-weight polyethylene, and
(3) orthopedic implants with porous
surfaces. atomic
11. Biomaterial in ophthalmology and Dental
OPHTHALMOLOGY
• Used to improve vision, eye
implants, to restore cornea, lens
when they are damaged
• Contact lens, eye shield , vitreous
replacement, correction of corneal
curvature
DENTAL
• Polymers ,composites ceramic
materials and metals alloys are four
main groups of materials used for
dental applications
• Ex: stainless steal, Co-Cr-Mo alloy
PMMA ,proplast and deacon