Biology 30 3 amphibians
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Amphibians have several key adaptations that allow them to live both on land and in water, including a cloaca for waste excretion, a nictitating membrane inside the eyelid to protect the eye, and a tympanic membrane or eardrum for hearing. Early amphibians evolved stronger bones and limbs, lungs and breathing tubes, and a sternum or breastbone to support movement and breathing on land. The three modern groups of amphibians are salamanders, frogs and toads, and caecilians.
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Amphibians intro
Amphibians are vertebrates that live in water as larvae and on land as adults, have moist skin lacking scales and claws, and evolved adaptations like stronger bones and lungs to live on land. The three modern groups of amphibians are salamanders, frogs and toads, and caecilians, with early amphibians developing traits that helped them survive out of water like improved limb movement and air breathing.
12 3 Amphibians
Amphibians such as frogs, toads, and salamanders spend their early life in water and their adult life on land. They have adaptations like camouflage, legs, and lungs that allow them to live on both land and water. However, amphibians are sensitive to environmental changes and facing threats due to habitat loss, pollution, and other factors.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
Amphibians
Amphibians are a class of animals like reptiles, mammals, and birds. They live the first part of their lives in the water and the last part on the land. When they hatch from their eggs, amphibians have gills so they can breathe in the water. They also have fins to help them swim, just like fish. Later, their bodies change, growing legs and lungs enabling them to live on the land. The word "amphibian" means two-lives, one in the water and one on land.
Reptiles Life Science 15 4
Reptiles first appeared nearly 280 million years ago and include turtles, crocodiles, and lizards and snakes. They have dry scaly skin, lay amniotic eggs with membranes to protect embryos, and show little maternal care once eggs are laid. Modern reptiles descended from early reptiles and vary widely in size, shape, color, habitat, diet, and behavior.
Reptiles
Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates with dry, scaly skin covered in scales. They lay amniotic eggs with membranes that protect the embryo and allow for gas exchange. Reptiles first appeared 280 million years ago and dominated during the Mesozoic era. Modern reptiles include turtles, crocodiles and alligators, and lizards and snakes. While most reptiles show no care for their eggs, crocodiles are very maternal and protect their hatchlings.
Phylum Chordata - Class Amphibia
Amphibians were the first vertebrates to live on land but still require water to reproduce. They developed lungs, legs, and moist permeable skin to survive out of water. Amphibians include frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. Many amphibian populations are declining due to threats like climate change, habitat loss, pollution and disease.
Amphibians karina siyana_10.7
Amphibians live both on land and in water. They undergo metamorphosis from egg to aquatic larvae to adult with lungs and limbs. Amphibians reproduce sexually by laying eggs in moist environments that develop into larvae with gills. Common UK amphibians include toads, frogs, and newts that live near water and eat insects, worms and other invertebrates.
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Amphibians intro
Amphibians are vertebrates that live in water as larvae and on land as adults, have moist skin lacking scales and claws, and evolved adaptations like stronger bones and lungs to live on land. The three modern groups of amphibians are salamanders, frogs and toads, and caecilians, with early amphibians developing traits that helped them survive out of water like improved limb movement and air breathing.
12 3 Amphibians
Amphibians such as frogs, toads, and salamanders spend their early life in water and their adult life on land. They have adaptations like camouflage, legs, and lungs that allow them to live on both land and water. However, amphibians are sensitive to environmental changes and facing threats due to habitat loss, pollution, and other factors.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
Amphibians
Amphibians are a class of animals like reptiles, mammals, and birds. They live the first part of their lives in the water and the last part on the land. When they hatch from their eggs, amphibians have gills so they can breathe in the water. They also have fins to help them swim, just like fish. Later, their bodies change, growing legs and lungs enabling them to live on the land. The word "amphibian" means two-lives, one in the water and one on land.
Reptiles Life Science 15 4
Reptiles first appeared nearly 280 million years ago and include turtles, crocodiles, and lizards and snakes. They have dry scaly skin, lay amniotic eggs with membranes to protect embryos, and show little maternal care once eggs are laid. Modern reptiles descended from early reptiles and vary widely in size, shape, color, habitat, diet, and behavior.
Reptiles
Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates with dry, scaly skin covered in scales. They lay amniotic eggs with membranes that protect the embryo and allow for gas exchange. Reptiles first appeared 280 million years ago and dominated during the Mesozoic era. Modern reptiles include turtles, crocodiles and alligators, and lizards and snakes. While most reptiles show no care for their eggs, crocodiles are very maternal and protect their hatchlings.
Phylum Chordata - Class Amphibia
Amphibians were the first vertebrates to live on land but still require water to reproduce. They developed lungs, legs, and moist permeable skin to survive out of water. Amphibians include frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. Many amphibian populations are declining due to threats like climate change, habitat loss, pollution and disease.
Amphibians karina siyana_10.7
Amphibians live both on land and in water. They undergo metamorphosis from egg to aquatic larvae to adult with lungs and limbs. Amphibians reproduce sexually by laying eggs in moist environments that develop into larvae with gills. Common UK amphibians include toads, frogs, and newts that live near water and eat insects, worms and other invertebrates.
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This document discusses the key differences between frogs and toads. It notes that frogs typically have smooth skin and are mostly aquatic, while toads have rougher skin and are mostly terrestrial. While the differences are mainly superficial, frogs tend to have longer hind limbs that enable hopping and leaping, and they lay their eggs in long chains of jelly. In contrast, toads have shorter hind limbs and lay eggs in clusters.
Amphibians
Amphibians use their skin for respiration and some small species rely entirely on their skin for breathing. They reproduce in water and have permeable skin, making them sensitive to environmental changes. Amphibians evolved from sarcopterygian fish in the Devonian period and inhabit a variety of terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal, and freshwater habitats, starting as larvae in water and undergoing metamorphosis to air-breathing adults on land for most species.
Amphibians ppt 1-1 10-3 mila satchansky lewbina
Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates that live both on land and in water. They evolved from fish during the Devonian period over 370 million years ago. There are three main types: frogs and toads, salamanders, and caecilians. Amphibians have moist skin, lay eggs, and go through a tadpole stage as part of their lifecycle. They are under threat due to habitat loss and pollution.
Amphibians
Amphibians live both in water and on land, and undergo metamorphosis from aquatic tadpoles to terrestrial adults. There are over 6,000 known amphibian species including frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians. While amphibians first appeared 370 million years ago, many species are now endangered or extinct due to habitat loss and other threats.
Insect Order : apterygota
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Amphibians & Reptiles
This document provides information about amphibians and reptiles. It defines amphibians as animals that are born in water but can live on land and water as adults, having gills as young and lungs as adults. Examples given are frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. Reptiles are defined as animals born on land that can live on land or water, having dry scaly skin and usually laying eggs. Examples of reptiles include alligators, snakes, lizards and turtles. Specific details are provided about the characteristics of red salamanders, American alligators, and the differences between frogs and toads.
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Anurans
This document discusses the key characteristics of anurans (frogs):
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- Frogs are classified into 3 suborders and have diverse morphologies but generally have short vertebral columns and lack tails.
- Their skin, feet, digestive and reproductive systems show adaptations for respiration, locomotion and breeding in various environments.
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Vertebrate animals have a backbone and are classified as mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Reptiles such as turtles, crocodiles, and snakes have scales and are mostly terrestrial. They have four limbs, though snakes do not have legs. Most reptiles have teeth and some use venom fangs. Reptiles breathe through lungs and have body temperatures that vary with their environment. They lay eggs but do not incubate them.
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Amphibians live both on land and in water, having thin skin that allows absorption of water and oxygen. They go through a metamorphosis where larvae with gills transform into adults with lungs on land. While amphibians were the first to move onto land, reptiles later evolved with thicker scaly skin and shells for their eggs, allowing full adaptation to life on land.
INSECTS
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Animal kingdom comparative anatomy
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a cold-blooded vertebrate animal of a class that comprises the frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders. They are distinguished by having an aquatic gill-breathing larval stage followed (typically) by a terrestrial lung-breathing adult stage.
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Learning stratagy cognitive -Darunee
This document discusses the key differences between frogs and toads. It notes that frogs typically have smooth skin and are mostly aquatic, while toads have rougher skin and are mostly terrestrial. While the differences are mainly superficial, frogs tend to have longer hind limbs that enable hopping and leaping, and they lay their eggs in long chains of jelly. In contrast, toads have shorter hind limbs and lay eggs in clusters.
Amphibians
Amphibians use their skin for respiration and some small species rely entirely on their skin for breathing. They reproduce in water and have permeable skin, making them sensitive to environmental changes. Amphibians evolved from sarcopterygian fish in the Devonian period and inhabit a variety of terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal, and freshwater habitats, starting as larvae in water and undergoing metamorphosis to air-breathing adults on land for most species.
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Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates that live both on land and in water. They evolved from fish during the Devonian period over 370 million years ago. There are three main types: frogs and toads, salamanders, and caecilians. Amphibians have moist skin, lay eggs, and go through a tadpole stage as part of their lifecycle. They are under threat due to habitat loss and pollution.
Amphibians
Amphibians live both in water and on land, and undergo metamorphosis from aquatic tadpoles to terrestrial adults. There are over 6,000 known amphibian species including frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians. While amphibians first appeared 370 million years ago, many species are now endangered or extinct due to habitat loss and other threats.
Insect Order : apterygota
The document discusses the order Apterygota within the class Insecta. It notes that Apterygota has 4 orders: Thysanura, Collembola, Protura, and Diplura. For each order, it provides key characteristics such as body structure, presence of eyes and antennae, mouthpart type, wing presence, abdominal segmentation, and reproductive features.
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This document provides information about amphibians and reptiles. It defines amphibians as animals that are born in water but can live on land and water as adults, having gills as young and lungs as adults. Examples given are frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. Reptiles are defined as animals born on land that can live on land or water, having dry scaly skin and usually laying eggs. Examples of reptiles include alligators, snakes, lizards and turtles. Specific details are provided about the characteristics of red salamanders, American alligators, and the differences between frogs and toads.
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This document summarizes key characteristics of chordates, vertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It notes that chordates have a notochord, nerve chord, postanal tail, and gill slits. Vertebrates like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals additionally have an endoskeleton and vertebrae. It then provides details on characteristics of each group like fish having fins and scales, amphibians living both on land and water, and mammals producing milk and having hair or fur.
Anurans
This document discusses the key characteristics of anurans (frogs):
- They lack tails as adults and have legs suited for jumping. Their highly permeable skin allows for respiration.
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Amphibians: What do we know about them?
Amphibians are vertebrates that can live both on land and in water. They go through a metamorphosis from an aquatic tadpole stage to a terrestrial adult stage. Amphibians are important for ecosystems and human welfare. They indicate environmental changes and provide benefits like controlling pests, serving as traditional medicine, and acting as biological indicators. India is home to 309 amphibian species across 14 families and 55 genera. Ongoing research in India includes studies on reproduction, taxonomy, ecology, and impacts of skin extracts. Conservation efforts aim to protect amphibian habitats and diversity in the Western Ghats.
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Amphibians live both on land and in water, having thin skin that allows absorption of water and oxygen. They go through a metamorphosis where larvae with gills transform into adults with lungs on land. While amphibians were the first to move onto land, reptiles later evolved with thicker scaly skin and shells for their eggs, allowing full adaptation to life on land.
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This document provides an overview of insect morphology, anatomy, and classification. It describes the external and internal body structures of insects, including the head, thorax, abdomen, digestive and reproductive systems. It also outlines the key characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda and class Insecta. Examples are provided of the different insect orders. References for further reading on entomology are listed at the end.
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This document provides information on the key distinguishing characteristics of different insect orders, including their names, etymologies, antennae, mouthparts, wings, legs and other features. It covers 32 major orders of insects, from Thysanura to Hymenoptera, with 1-4 defining bullet points per order.
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Animal kingdom comparative anatomy
- The document discusses animal anatomy and physiology, comparing invertebrates and vertebrates. It covers topics like digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, nervous systems, and more.
- Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and lack backbones, while vertebrates make up the remaining 5% and have backbones with different organ systems adapted for functions like feeding habits.
- Animal organ systems vary in complexity from simple diffusion in invertebrates to complex lung-based respiration in terrestrial vertebrates.
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of 27 insect orders, including their distinguishing physical attributes and the etymological origins of their names. The orders covered include Thysanura, Diplura, Protura, Collembola, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Grylloblattodea, Orthoptera, Phasmida, Dermaptera, Embioptera, Dictyoptera, Isoptera, Zoraptera, Psocoptera, Mallophaga, Siphonculata, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Thysanoptera, Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Strepsiptera
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Similar to Biology 30 3 amphibians
Amphibia class
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Amphibians
This document provides information about the external structure, locomotion, nutrition, and digestive system of amphibians. It discusses their smooth skin, lack of scales/feathers/hair, and aquatic larva stage. It describes the three orders of amphibians - Caudata, Gymnophiona, and Anura - and gives examples of salamanders, caecilians, frogs, and toads. It details their skeletal structure and muscular modifications that allow for different modes of locomotion. It also explains their carnivorous or herbivorous diets depending on life stage and describes their flip-and-grab feeding mechanism using their extendable tongues.
Respiration in amphibians and reptiles
- Amphibians can respire through their skin, lungs, and gills. Larval amphibians use their gills and skin, while adult amphibians primarily use their lungs but can also use their skin.
- As frogs develop from tadpoles, they absorb their gills and their lungs take over respiration. More terrestrial amphibians like toads have larger lungs with more respiratory surfaces.
- Reptiles exclusively use lungs for respiration and do not go through an aquatic larval stage like amphibians. Their lungs are often divided into chambers and have alveoli to increase surface area for gas exchange.
Molluscan
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Amphibians, as their name indicates, they can spend “double life” bo.pdf
Amphibians, as their name indicates, they can spend “double life” both in water and on earth.
The respiratory organs skin, gills and lungs are the characteristic adaptations of these animals.
However, during evolution they adopted to live on land though they spend also in water.
Three organs/organ systems that appear relatively early on from embryo-organogenesis:
Notochord formation
Neural tube formation
Spemanns organizer
Gills
Fate of each adult: Initialy notochor is primary organ system develops to support skeletal
arrangement
Adaptive change
Amphibians
Respiration
During larval life, amphibians have gills, which disappear as they grow and they respire through
the moist skin in water and through lungs on lands
Reproduction
Amphibians lay eggs in water as they need moist environment for hatching, and the adults can
live on land.
Circulation
Amphibians have double loop circulation. The heart is equipped with three chambers and there is
some mixing of oxygenated blood with deoxygenated blood.
Feeding
Amphibians mostly live on small aquatic plants and animals, and small insects on land. Most of
the amphibians are carnivores.
Excretion
Amphibians excrete their wastes through the kidneys. They excrete ammonia through the urine
directly into the surrounding environment.
Response
These have well developed sensory and nervous systems. The eyes of amphibians are protected
by nictitating membrane, that provide protection in water and they hear through tympanic
membrane, located at the side of the head.
Amphibian gastrulation always initiates with invagination of the embryonic bottle cells followed
by involution of mesoderm and finally epiboly of ectoderm.
In frog, gastrulation starts on the dorsal side of the blastula, a group of cells invaginate and form
a crease, along the region of where grey crescent is formed. The part above this crease becomes
dorsal lip (dorsal side of the blastospore). In case of frogs (vertebrates), organizer region is
become a “dorsal lip” of developing blastophore during gastrulation finally “this embryonic
organizer enable formation of blastula by modifying genetic expression of cells moving past the
organizer.
During gastrulation process, involution of endoderm and mesoderm occurs from “embryonic
organizer”. Once inside the embryo, then these cells moves toward the animal pole (in the figure,
the upper pole is animal pole, and the lower pole is vegetal pole) and organized into layers of
endoderm and mesoderm. Blastocoel is the central cavity of blastula; it is present in the animal
hemisphere in frog embryo.
Adaptive change
Amphibians
Respiration
During larval life, amphibians have gills, which disappear as they grow and they respire through
the moist skin in water and through lungs on lands
Reproduction
Amphibians lay eggs in water as they need moist environment for hatching, and the adults can
live on land.
Circulation
Amphibians have double loop circulation. The heart is equipped with three chambers and there
is some .
Chordata - Bio 11
- Chordates evolved from invertebrates and display traits like bilateral symmetry, segmentation, and a gut tube. Chordate evolution led to specializations like variations in limb structure in mammals.
- The four defining chordate features present in embryos and sometimes adults are a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail.
- Vertebrates are chordates that evolved a cartilage or bone skull, vertebral column, and other adaptations to land like lungs and efficient kidneys. Major vertebrate groups include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Phylum Chordata
- Chordates evolved from invertebrates and display traits like bilateral symmetry, segmentation, and a gut tube. Chordates are distinguished by having a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, post-anal tail, and myotomes (blocks of muscle) at some stage of their life.
- Vertebrates are chordates that have evolved additional traits like a skull, vertebral column, and endoskeleton. They have undergone further diversification into groups like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals which have specialized for various environments.
Unit 25 Vertebrates
All vertebrates share four key characteristics - a notochord, hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and tail - at some stage of development. While most lose these traits as adults, they define the phylum Chordata. Vertebrates evolved internal skeletons allowing them to grow larger and more complex, with jaws developing from gill arches, giving them predatory advantages. Major vertebrate groups include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Reptalia
In order for us to understand how all living organisms are related, they are arranged into different groups. The more features that a group of animals share, the more specific the group is. Animals are given scientific names so that people all around the world can communicate about animals, no matter what language they speak (these names are traditionally Latin words). Animals belong to a number of different groups, starting with the animal kingdom.
Kingdom
All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are five different kingdoms to classify life on Earth, which are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, and Protists (single-celled organisms).
Phylum
The animal kingdom is divided into 40 smaller groups, known as phylum. Here, animals are grouped by their main features. Animals usually fall into one of five different phylum which are Cnidaria (invertebrates), Chordata (vertebrates), Arthropods, Molluscs and Echinoderms.
Class
The phylum group is then divided into even smaller groups, known as classes. The Chordata (vertebrates) phylum splits up into Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish) , Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles).
Order
Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. The class Mammalia (Mammals), splits into different groups including Carnivora, Primate, Artiodactyla and Rodentia.
Family
In every order, there are different families of animals which all have very similar features. The Carnivora order breaks into families that include Felidae (Cats), Canidae (Dogs), Ursidae (Bears), and Mustelidae (Weasels).
Genus
Every animal family is then divided into small groups known as genus. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genus including Felis (small Cats and domestic Cats), Panthera (Tigers, Leopards, Jaguars and Lions) and Puma (Panthers and Cougars).
Species
Each individual species within the genus is named after it's individual features and characteristics. The names of animals are in Latin so that they can be understood worldwide, and consist of two words. The first word in the name of an animal will be the genus, and the second name indicates the specific species.
Example 1 - Tiger
Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrate)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal)
Order: Carnivora (Carnivore)
Family: Felidae (Cat)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera tigris (Tiger)
Vertebrate diversity
vertebrates are interesting organisms to study, as there are a lot of things we are ignorant of, yet we do not know how to preserve them.
Respiratory system
WHAT IS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
It is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism
Respiratory system
The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for respiration. In mammals, respiration occurs through pulmonary ventilation via the nasal cavity, lungs, and diaphragm. The lungs exchange gases through alveoli and are protected by the rib cage. Horses and marine mammals have respiratory adaptations like nasal breathing and mechanisms to prevent water inhalation during dives.
Loris and adaptations of aquatic mammals
The slender loris is a small, nocturnal primate found in scrub jungles of India. It has short, dense, soft fur and large eyes. Its color is earthy brown and it has a slender build. It feeds on fruits, leaves, insects, eggs and small birds. The L. malabaricus subspecies is slightly smaller and darker in coloration, found in southern Indian forests. Aquatic mammals have several adaptations for life in water including large size, streamlined bodies, flippers, thick blubber, reduced nostrils and eyes positioned high on the head, light skeletons, ability to store milk in mammary glands and suckle underwater, simplified teeth and multi-chambered stomachs
Anfibios 2
Amphibians were the first tetrapods to evolve from fish ancestors during the late Devonian period, some 360-370 million years ago. They most likely evolved from either lobe-fin fishes or lungfishes. While in water amphibians faced little challenge with support, on land they needed modifications to support their body weight and allow locomotion. The first land animals had fins modified into legs and strengthened vertebrae. Later, some amphibians evolved the ability to lay eggs on land. Today amphibians live worldwide but mainly in tropical regions, going through an aquatic larval stage before metamorphosing into terrestrial adults.
Vertebrata
This document summarizes the key characteristics of vertebrates. It discusses that vertebrates have an internal skeleton and true vertebral column, allowing for different muscle attachment points. They are bilaterally symmetrical and have features like a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, and paired gill pouches. Vertebrates are grouped into five classes - Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. Each class possesses distinct skeletal structures and anatomical features that define their phylum and allow for different habitats and behaviors.
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Earth science 13.2
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Earth science 13.3
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Earth science 9.1
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Earth science 8.2
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Earth science 7.3
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Earth science 7.2
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Biology 30 3 amphibians
- 2. Cloaca A muscular cavity at the end of the large intestine through which digestive wastes, urine, and eggs or sperm leave the body.
- 3. Nictitating membrane Movable transparent membrane in amphibians located inside the regular eyelid; protects the surface of the eye from damage under water and keeps it moist on land.
- 4. Tympanic membrane Eardrum of amphibians inside the skull; vibrates in response to sound, allowing hearing.
- 5. Key concept An amphibian is a vertebrate that, with some expectations, lives in water as a larva and on land as an adult, breathes with lungs as an adult, has moist skin that contains mucous glands, and lacks scales and claws.
- 6. Key concept Early amphibians evolved several adaptations that helped them live at least part of their lives out of water. Bones in the limbs and limb girdles of amphibians became stronger, permitting more efficient movement. Lungs and breathing tubes enable amphibians to breathe air. The sternum, or breastbone, formed a bony shield to support and protect internal organs, especially the lungs.
- 7. Key concept The three groups of amphibians alive today are salamanders, frogs and toads, and caecilians.