Presented by Patrick Ngwediagi at the Regional Experts Workshop on Development, Regulation and Use of Bio-pesticides in East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 22–23 May 2014

1. 5/26/20141
Status of development, registration and use
of bio-pesticides in Tanzania
Patrick Ngwediagi
Regional Experts Workshop on Development, Regulation and Use of
Bio-pesticides in East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 22–23 May 2014

2. OUTLINE
 INTRODUCTION – TANZANIA, SUPPORTIVE
POLICIES & STRATEGIES
 CURRENT STATUS
 Legal & Institutional Frameworks
 Procedure & Types of registered products
 RECOMMENDATIONS
5/26/20142

3. TANZANIA: Geographical facts
 Tanzania is located just south of the
Equator and covers 937,060 Km2
 It is a United Republic
.. estimated population of over 44 m
people, making the largest nation in the
Eastern African region both in land area
and population
It is the only country in the region
bordering 8 countries in total

4. 5/26/20144

5. INTRODUCTION
 Agriculture is a leading economic sector in
Tanzania.
 It provides a livelihood to about 80% of the
population.
 It is the primary source of food and raw
materials
 Accounts for about 24.7 % of GDP
 It is the second export sector after mining in
terms of foreign earnings
 Current policies and strategies aims at 6%
annual growth and 10% in the long run
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6.  In collaboration with other stakeholders
(private sector and DPs) the Government is
committed to transform agriculture through:
 Strategies: ASDS
 Initiatives: KILIMO KWANZA Resolve
 Synergies: SAGCOT, FEED THE FUTURE
 Programmes: ASDP, CAADP (through TAFSIP)
Aim: Boosting agricultural production and
productivity
 Availability and accessibility of agricultural
productive inputs (seeds, fertilizers and agro-
pesticides) is crucial
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7. DEFINITIONS/TYPES
Bio-pesticides and Biological Control Agents
 In some literature and also during discussions
with the stakeholders, bio-pesticides and
biological control agents are grouped together
 Sometimes the terms are used interchangeably??
 However, they are different
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8. What is Bio-pesticides
 Biopesticides, a contraction of 'biological
pesticides’, include several types of pest
management intervention.
 The term has been associated historically with
biological control - and by implication - the
manipulation of living organisms
 Regulatory positions can be influenced by public
perceptions
Types of Bio-pesticides
 Microbial pesticides
 Plant pesticides
 Biochemical pesticides
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9. DEFINITIONS/TYPES Cont.
What is Biological Control Agents
 Biological control agents are parasites and
predators of pests and their eggs
(eg.Trichogramma)
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10. CURRENT STATUS
DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPESTICIDES
 No formal development /production in TZ
 Most of the available products are imported/being
tested in Tanzania
 Local bio-pesticides (esp. biochemical pesticides
are available at research centres
 Collaboration with CGIAR
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11. CURRENT STATUS…
 REGISTRATION OF BIOPESTICIDES &
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
 Legal & Institutional Frameworks
 Two legislation system (Union and Zanzibar for
non Union matters)-Constitutional requirement
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12. TANZANIA MAINLAND
 There are a number of regulatory frameworks for
pesticides management
 Plant Protection Act, No. 13 of 1997 (Cap. 133
R.E 2002) & its Regulations of 1998
 The Tropical Pesticides Research Institute Act,
No. 18 of 1979 (Cap.161 R.E 2002) &
Regulations 1984
 The legislations are aimed at managing & control
i.e registration, quality and potency verification
and surveillance
 There are other related legislations (EMA,
Biosafety Regulations etc)
12

13. Registration Cont.
 The PPA of 1997 establishes the National Plant
Protection Advisory Committee (NPPAC)
NPPAC is a scientific advisory agent to the Minister on
matters concerning registration and use of plant protection
substances
 The Regulations, 1998 establishes 4 Sub-
committees
 Two of them are more relevant :
Pesticides Approval and Registration Technical Sub
Committee (PARTS)
Biological Control Agents Subcommittee (BCAS)
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14. Registration Cont.
 PARTS is responsible for approval of technical
test results for registration and importation of
pesticides (Advise to NPPAC)
 BCAS is responsible for approval of technical test
results for registration of any biological agent and
importation (Advise to NPPAC)
 According to the PPA, 1997, the division
responsible for plant protection services of the
Ministry acts as the Secretariat of the NPPAC
 The NPPAC Secretariat is responsible for
implementation of the decisions of NPPAC
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15. Registration cont.
 Section 32 of PPA empowers the Minister
responsible for agriculture to appoint any
competent research institute and delegate to it
such powers or duties
 Through a Ministerial order the Minister has
delegated such powers to The Tropical Pesticides
Research Institute (TPRI)
 Registrar of Pesticides and Biological Control
Agents is appointed by the Minister but based at
TPRI
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16. REGISTRATION PROCEDURE
(Based on Regulations of 1998)
 Fill in appropriate forms and submit to the
Registrar with Dossiers and label draft
 The label draft must be in two versions – Kiswahili
and English
 Pay the experimental registration fees (1000-
1500 USD)
 Submit 3 samples of the candidate product (2 for
field trial and 1 for lab. analysis – quality
verification)
 Submit Analytical Standards – for qualitative and
quantitative analysis.
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17. Reg. Procedures cont.
 The Registrar submits the test report to the
applicable Subcommittee (PARTS /BCAS) for
scrutiny
 PARTS/BACAS report must be submitted to
NPPAC for approval
 Upon approval the candidate product is upgraded
from experimental registration category to either
provisional or restricted registration category
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18. Registration categories
1. Experimental category: Candidate product is not
allowed into the market for any use
2. Provisional category: Product is allowed in the
market for intended use only for two years
3. Restricted category: Product should be handled
and applied by technical/professional personnel
4. Full registration category: Product shall be in
this not more than 5 years. Thereafter its
registration must be renewed
 The upgraded products from time to time are
gazetted by order of the Minister
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19. Biopesticides Registration status
 Bio-pesticides registered or in the process of
registration at different stages/categories is as
follows:
(List: Next slide)
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20. List of Biopesticides
 Bactivec (Bt): For Mosquito control [EXP]
 Griselesf (Bs): Against mosquito [EXP]
 Vectobac WDG (Bt): Mosquito larva control
[FULL]
 Vectolex (Bt): [FULL]
 Pyegar 35EC (Natural pyrethrum + Garlic
extract):- Various insect pests [FULL]
 Nimbecidine 0.03% (Azadirachtin):- Insecticides
for ornamental and turf [FULL]
 Neemraj Super (Azadirachtin):- Control of
bollworm on cotton [FULL]
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21. Bio-Agents Registration status
 Currently there is no single biological control
agent registered in Tanzania
 Department of Crop Development is currently
testing a biological control agent Beauveria
bassiana formulation (Bb) in controlling storage
pest, the Larger Grain Borer (LGB).
 TAHA has identified 32 bio control agents and has
proposed to the Ministry its registration fast-
tracking
 TAHA also has requested the government to
review the registration system of biolgical control
agents
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22. ZANZIBAR
 Zanzibar PPA of 1997 is almost similar to the
Mainland PPA of 1997
 However, in Zanzibar pesticides registration is
currently handled by the Zanzibar Food and
Drugs Board (ZFDB) in accordance with its law
 The Zanzibar government have agreed to amend
the two laws and move the registration provisions
to PPA
 Currently biopesticide/biological agent is
registered in Zanzibar
 Test Results and pesticides registered by TPRI
are accepted in zanzibar
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23. RECOMMENDATIONS
 Build capacity of the enforcement institutions i.e.
PHS, TPRI and other regulatory authorities and
laboratories in order to effectively enforce the
existing legislation.
 Finalize review and updating existing
legislations (Plant Protection Act; Tropical
Pesticides Institutes Act), if possible put them
under one roof
 Have specific provisions on registration of bio-
pesticides
 Harmonize within the region
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