As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics consolidates science, software engineering, data building, arithmetic and measurements to dissect and decipher organic information. Bioinformatics has been utilized for in silico investigations of organic inquiries utilizing numerical and measurable methods.

1. Bioinformatics & Scope In Biotechnology
Tuhin Samanta
M.Pharma in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
(1st Year/ 2nd Semester)

2. Introduction
Bioinformatics is the short form ‘Biological Informatics’. Bioinformatics
has become an important part of many areas of biology. In
experimental molecular biology, bioinformatics techniques such as
image and signal processing allow extraction of useful results from
large amounts of raw data.
Definition: Bioinformatics is the application of compute science and
information technology to biology and medicine.

3. History
 1865:- Father of Genetics: Gregor Mendel discover concept of
genetic inheritance
 1930:- Electrophoresis introduced
 1953:- Watson and Crick suggest double-helix model for DNA
 1955:- Bovine Insulin if first protein to be sequenced
 1978:- The term Bioinformatics first used
 1990:- Blast program published
 1994:- PRINTS database published.

4. Goals of Bioinformatics
 Manage biological information.
 Organize biological information using databases
 Process, analyze and visualize biological data
 Share biological information to the public using the internet.

5. Bioinformatics Tools and Software
 BLAST- Stands for Basic local alignment search tool, provided by
NCBI, It is most widely used for sequence searching.
 FASTA- It is the DNA and protein sequence alignment software
package.
 EMBOSS- It Stands for European Molecular Biological Open
Software Suite.
 Primer3 (version 0.4.0)- It is a freely available online software for
designing primers.
 Uniprime2- It is a website for universal primer designing.
 The PCR Suite- It is an online primer designing software.
 Primer Pro 3.2- It is an other online primer designing software.
 Primo Pro 3.4- A java enabled online primer designing tool.

6. Application of Bioinformatics
 Medical
 Agriculture
 Comparative Studies
 Microbial Genome Application
 Genome Sequences
 Computational Drug designing

7. Medical
o Search for new drug targets
o Personalized medicine
o Preventative medicine
o Gene therapy
Agriculture
 Crop Improvement
 Insect resistance
 Improve nutritional quality
 Grow in poorer soils and drought resistant

8. Comparative Studies
o Phylogenic properties of Disease and evolution
o Model organisms
Microbial Genome
• Alternative energy sources
• Biotechnology
• Antibiotic resistance
• Forensic analysis of microbes
• Bioweapons creation
• Evolutionary studies

9. Genome Sequences
o Genome sequencing covers to all characteristics of an organisms.
o Human, Drosophila, Rat, Mouse, Mosquito, E.coli, H.influenza, Yeast
and Arabidopsis
Computational Drug designing
• Models of drug are created
• Effects monitored with super computer
• Genetic profiling drug is assembled
• Convenient approach to design drugs

10. Biotechnological role
• DNA, RNA and Protein sequencing and Expression
• Drug design occurred at a speedy rate due to development of
bioinformatics
• Analysis and interpretation of biological data
• Genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, cheminformatics

11. Conclusion
Bioinformatics has got major impacts on biotechnology and its
application. The vast amount of data generated by human genome
project or by other genome sequencing project would be
unmanageable without the bioinformatics technique.
Bioinformatics also quickened the drug discovery, vaccine design and
also the design of anti-microbial agents. Bioinformatics is also used
to understand gene and also genome.

12. References
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• 3. Nakagami H, Sugiyama N, Mochida K, et al. Large-scale
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