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5.1 The Cell Cycle
KEY CONCEPT
Cells have distinct phases of
growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
5.1 The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle has four main stages.
• The cell cycle is a regular pattern of growth, DNA
replication, and cell division.
5.1 The Cell Cycle
• The main stages of the cell cycle are gap 1, synthesis, gap
2, and mitosis.
– Gap 1 (G1): cell growth and
normal functions
– DNA synthesis (S): copies
DNA
– Gap 2 (G2): additional
growth
– Mitosis (M): includes
division of the cell nucleus
(mitosis) and division of the
cell cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
• Mitosis occurs only if the cell is large enough and the DNA
undamaged.
5.1 The Cell Cycle
Cells divide at different rates.
• The rate of cell division varies with the need for those
types of cells.

• Some cells are unlikely to divide (G0).
5.1 The Cell Cycle
Cell size is limited.
• Volume increases faster than surface area.
5.1 The Cell Cycle
• Surface area must allow for adequate
exchange of materials.
– Cell growth is coordinated with
division.
– Cells that must be large have
unique shapes.

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Bio ch05 1

  • 1. 5.1 The Cell Cycle KEY CONCEPT Cells have distinct phases of growth, reproduction, and normal functions.
  • 2. 5.1 The Cell Cycle The cell cycle has four main stages. • The cell cycle is a regular pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division.
  • 3. 5.1 The Cell Cycle • The main stages of the cell cycle are gap 1, synthesis, gap 2, and mitosis. – Gap 1 (G1): cell growth and normal functions – DNA synthesis (S): copies DNA – Gap 2 (G2): additional growth – Mitosis (M): includes division of the cell nucleus (mitosis) and division of the cell cytoplasm (cytokinesis) • Mitosis occurs only if the cell is large enough and the DNA undamaged.
  • 4. 5.1 The Cell Cycle Cells divide at different rates. • The rate of cell division varies with the need for those types of cells. • Some cells are unlikely to divide (G0).
  • 5. 5.1 The Cell Cycle Cell size is limited. • Volume increases faster than surface area.
  • 6. 5.1 The Cell Cycle • Surface area must allow for adequate exchange of materials. – Cell growth is coordinated with division. – Cells that must be large have unique shapes.