Bhindi bali tipai (भिण्डी बाली टिपाइ (भित्र्याउने र बजार व्यवस्थापन))
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1. Growing and marketing eggplant requires proper timing and management. 2. Farmers should analyze local markets to understand demand and determine when and how to harvest eggplant. 3. Eggplant harvest can be classified by size and quality before selling to local markets to fetch optimal prices.
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1. The document provides information on the identification, control, and management of diseases that affect rice crops.
2. Several types of diseases can infect rice plants, including blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight.
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सामूहिक बजारीकरण र यसको व्यवस्थापन
1. The document discusses collective marketing and its management. It emphasizes the importance of forming formal or informal groups of similar individuals like vegetable producer groups or fishery groups.
2. It outlines the process of collective production including joint purchasing of inputs, planning production, collection and selling of produce through group representatives to fetch better prices.
3. It highlights the role of various service providers like input suppliers, extension workers, banks, cooperatives that can provide technical support, credit services, processing and marketing support which are important for smallholders.
Preparation of State and Parties for the Election
The document discusses different perspectives on the order of elections in Nepal. Some of the key points discussed are:
1. Some argue that provincial elections should be held first to help implement federalism on the ground and bring political parties together.
2. Others say that delineating provinces without first forming them undermines federalism and is putting the cart before the horse.
3. It may be possible to hold elections for the national and local levels simultaneously in the next elections.
9 rapid format-pry survey nep
1. This document is a report form for disaster reporting from the local level in Nepal. It collects information about the disaster such as location, number of affected families, infrastructure damage, and relief efforts.
2. The form collects details of the disaster such as date, location, type of disaster, number of deaths, injuries and displaced people. It also collects information on needs and damage to structures like schools, roads, health centers and agriculture.
3. The final section collects information on local organizations involved in relief and response efforts.
Foreign direct investment and economic prosperity
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Foreign direct investment and economic prosperity
This document discusses foreign investment and economic development in Nepal. It outlines several sectors that are suitable for foreign investment, including infrastructure development. It proposes several policy reforms, such as improving bilateral agreements, reforming land acquisition laws, and reducing costs and barriers for businesses. It argues that Nepal must improve its legal and policy environment to attract more foreign investment, technology transfer, and skills that can help develop the country. Overall foreign investment in Nepal remains low due to political instability and an unpredictable policy environment.
Article world habitat day 2012
- The document discusses the opportunities that arise from positive changes in cities. As cities constantly evolve through technological, social, and environmental changes, they can create new opportunities.
- While cities face issues like population growth, lack of planning, and climate change impacts, addressing these challenges can open doors for new opportunities. Changes like developing environmentally friendly and inclusive cities, strengthening rural-urban links, and maximizing technology can generate jobs, promote development, and lift marginalized groups.
- Overall, the constant evolution of cities through overcoming challenges presents many prospects for development, making collaboration between governments, the private sector and citizens important.
38 poster earthquake preparedness
1) The document discusses preparing for earthquakes by strengthening homes and removing unsafe trees and objects near homes.
2) It emphasizes having emergency supplies like food, water, medicine and tools for basic first aid.
3) Communities should discuss emergency plans and make contact lists for essential services in case strong aftershocks occur.
Financial Rules of Far Western University
1) This document outlines regulations for the financial administration of Far-Western University established under Section 43 of the Far-Western University Act, 2067.
2) It defines key terms related to the university's financial processes and establishes the university fund in accordance with the Act.
3) The fund is to be maintained and overseen by the university registrar under the directives of the executive council and stored in an account at a commercial bank selected by the council.
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
This document summarizes the key policies and strategies of Nepal's health sector. It discusses Nepal's progress in health over the last several decades, despite challenges of poverty and conflict. The constitution establishes health as a fundamental right. National health policies focus on universal access to basic health services, developing human resources, traditional and modern medical systems, supply of medicines and self-reliance in production. Current priorities include strengthening primary health care networks, increasing private sector participation, and controlling infectious diseases. The document outlines continued efforts to improve quality and ensure equitable access to health services.
National health policy 2071
This document presents Nepal's National Health Policy 2071. It discusses the background and history of health initiatives in Nepal. Some key achievements in health over the past decades include controlling many infectious diseases and reducing maternal and child mortality rates. However, challenges remain around ensuring quality health services reach all citizens, especially vulnerable groups. The policy aims to build on past successes, address current and emerging issues, and fulfill Nepal's constitutional commitment to health as a fundamental right. It outlines visions, goals and strategies for improving health promotion, protection and access across the country in the coming years.
Community based orientation of hivaids ppt slides
Community Based orientation of HIV/AIDS (Nepali)
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Bhindi kheti jagga tayari ra maalkhad byabasthapan (भिण्डी खेतीका लागि जग्गाक...
Bhindi kheti jagga tayari ra maalkhad byabasthapan (भिण्डी खेतीका लागि जग्गाक...
Advantages of alternative farming and intercropping (विकल्प खेती र अन्तरबालीक...
Advantages of alternative farming and intercropping (विकल्प खेती र अन्तरबालीक...
Bhindi bali rog ra byabasthapan (भिण्डी बालीमा लाग्ने रोग र तिनको व्यवस्थापन)
Bhindi bali rog ra byabasthapan (भिण्डी बालीमा लाग्ने रोग र तिनको व्यवस्थापन)
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
Overview of National Health Policy and Public Health Program in Nepal : For ...
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Tomato Farming Nepal
This document provides information on growing cucumber including suitable climate, soil, varieties and cultivation practices. Some key points:
- Cucumber grows well in warm, humid climates and can be grown seasonally or year-round. Well-drained, loose soil is suitable.
- Popular varieties for the rainy season include Nidhi 5005, Ujjwal-1, Yuvaraj, LN 4090 and Laxmi. Varieties suitable for winter include Green Long, Pusa Sadabahar and LN 442.
- Seed spacing of 10 grams for open pollinated varieties and 30 grams for hybrid varieties is required per ropani (around 880 square feet) of
Tomato farming in poly house (प्लास्टिक घरमा गोलभेंडा खेती)
The document provides instructions for greenhouse vegetable farming. Some key points include:
1) Greenhouses allow for controlled farming conditions and year-round production. Proper ventilation, irrigation, and temperature regulation are important.
2) Suitable soils for greenhouse farming are loose, well-draining, and rich in organic matter. Soil preparation includes adding compost or fertilizer.
3) Choosing disease-resistant vegetable varieties suitable for the climate is important for productivity and yield. Proper spacing, planting time, and pest management techniques should be followed.
Goat Farming In Nepal
This document provides an overview of livestock farming for small farmers in Nepal. It covers key topics like breeds of livestock, breeding, feeding arrangements, shelter management, common diseases and parasites, and fodder arrangements. The document is divided into 8 sections for easy reference. It aims to provide basic and practical information to farmers on livestock rearing in a simple format supplemented with illustrations. The information is based on the author's experience working with farmers in Nepal. The ultimate goal is to help small farmers and those new to livestock farming to better manage their animals and overcome common challenges.
गाई पालन पुस्तिका (Dairy Farming Guide in Nepali)
गाई पालन पुस्तिका (Dairy Farming Guide in Nepali) नेपालमा व्यवसाहिक रुपमा गाई पालन व्यवसाय सुरुभएको धेरै भएको छैन । अहिले गाउघर देखि शहर वजारमा रहेका वेरोजगार युवाहरुले गाई पालन व्यवसाय गर्नमा रुचि राख्न थालेका छन । तर गाई पाल्नु अगाडी व्यवसायको वारेमा पूर्व अध्यनभने धेरैले गरेको देखिन्न । गाई पालेर डेरी व्यवसाय सन्चालन गर्नेले गाईको लागि आहारा,स्वास्थ्य,गोठ र चरिचरण व्यवस्थापनको बारेमा धेरैकुराको अध्ययन हुनुपर्दछ ।
To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
ग्रामीण मुर्गीपालन गाइड
ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में छोटे स्तर पर मुर्गी पालन से अतिरिक्त आय प्राप्त होती है साथ ही मुर्गी का मल (विष्ठा) का उपयोग बटन मशरूम उत्पादन हेतु कम्पोस्ट बनाने तथा खाद के रूप में खेतो में प्रयोग से फसल की उत्पादकता में बढ़ोत्तरी होती है। ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में केंद्रीय पक्षी अनुसन्धान संस्थान, इज्ज़तनगर बरेली से विकसित उन्नत प्रजाति श्यामा, निर्भीक, उपकारी, तथा हितकारी का प्रयोग करें। इसके पालन में आने वाले व्यय की भरपाई पांचवे महीने में मुर्गा बेचकर हो जाती है।
इसके उपरान्त मुर्गी से १२-१५ माह तक अंडा उत्पादन से अच्छी कमाई प्राप्त होती है। वर्मी कम्पोस्ट बनाते समय प्राप्त हुए अधिक केचुओं को मुर्गो हेतु खाने को देने से अधिक उत्पादन प्राप्त होता है। इसी प्रकार एजोला का भी उपयोग मुर्गों द्वारा किया जाता है। करीब ४० मुर्गियों के विष्ठा से उतना ही पोषक तत्त्व प्राप्त होता है जितना कि एक गाय के गोबर से प्राप्त होता है। To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
सुँगुर पालन पुस्तिका (Pig Farming Guide in Nepali)
जो युवक पशु पालन को व्यवसाय के रूप में अपनाना चाहते हैं, उनके लिए सूकर पालन कम कीमत पर में कम समय में अधिक आय देने वाला व्यवसाय साबित हो सकता हैं, सूकर एक ऐसा पशु है, जिसे पालना आय की दृष्टि से बहुत लाभदायक हैं, क्योंकि सूकर का मांस प्राप्त करने के लिए ही पाला जाता हैं । इस पशु को पालने का लाभ यह है कि एक तो सूकर एक ही बार में 5 से 14 बच्चे देने की क्षमता वाला एकमात्र पशु है, जिनसे मांस तो अधिक प्राप्त होता ही है और दूसरा इस पशु में अन्य पशुओं की तुलना में साधारण आहार को मांस में परिवर्तित करने की अत्यधिक क्षमता होती है, जिस कारण रोजगार की दृष्टि से यह पशु लाभदायक सिद्ध होता है । To know more please visit us at www.growelagrovet.com
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सुँगुर पालन पुस्तिका (Pig Farming Guide in Nepali)
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Guideline for health institutions established upgrade standard
This document outlines guidelines for establishing, operating, and improving the standards of health facilities in Nepal. It defines key terms and classifications of different types of health institutions. It specifies the services that health facilities can provide with proper approval. It emphasizes the importance of quality assurance, infection control standards set by WHO, and developing standard operating manuals to ensure services are delivered to an appropriate level of quality. Facilities must obtain permission from the designated authority and adhere to building codes and service guidelines.
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This document discusses the importance of the upcoming elections for the House of Representatives and Provincial Assemblies in Nepal as per the new constitution. It emphasizes that the elections will help implement federalism and establish an inclusive democratic republic based on social justice, equality and prosperity. It highlights that the Provincial Assemblies will empower regional governments to make important decisions on development, administration and cultural issues. Similarly, the House of Representatives will form the federal government led by the party with a majority. The Nepali Congress party urges voters to support it to ensure a strong democratic system and accelerate development at the provincial and federal levels.
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1. Quarantine or self-isolation refers to staying at home and separating oneself from others as much as possible to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection. It involves staying in a well-ventilated room away from other family members and not sharing personal items or spaces.
2. Those with suspected exposure to COVID-19 or mild symptoms should self-isolate at home for 14 days. Proper hand hygiene, use of masks, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, separate bathroom use and waste disposal are important during home quarantine.
3. Close contacts of the quarantined person should also limit interaction and monitor for any symptoms for 14 days.
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This document summarizes the constitution of the "Himalayan Expedition - Nepal" organization. Some key points:
- The organization aims to unite and organize youth to contribute to national development, help marginalized groups, preserve cultural heritage, empower women and minorities, and promote peace.
- Membership categories include general members, founding members, lifetime members, and honorary members. Requirements for general membership include being a Nepali citizen over 16, of sound mind, and not convicted of a crime.
- The constitution outlines the organization's objectives, activities, management structure, finances, and procedures for membership and meetings. The overall goal is to be a non-profit organization working for social welfare.
एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्र र यसले प्रदान गर्ने सेवा सम्बन्धी जानकारी पत्र
महिला तथा बालबालिकाहरु विभिन्न प्रकारका लैगिंक हिंसाबाट प्रभावित हुने गरेका र यसबाट उनीहरुमा शारीरिक, यौनजन्य तथा मनोवैज्ञानिक असर पर्ने गरेको छ । यस्ता समस्याहरुको प्रभावकारी सम्बोधनका लागि नेपाल सरकारले स्वास्थ्य मन्त्रालय अन्तर्गत जिल्लास्थित अस्पतालहरुमा एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्र स्थापना गरी हिंसा प्रभावित बालिका किशोरी तथा महिलाहरुका लागि विभिन्न सेवाहरु प्रदान गर्दै आएको छ । हिंसामा परेका व्यक्तिहरुलाई एकद्वार प्रणालीबाटै न्याय प्रदान गर्ने उद्देश्यले एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्रको स्थापना गरिएको हो ।
एकद्वार सकंट व्यवस्थापन कन्े दद्व्रारा पद्रान गरिन ेसवोहरुका ेविवरण
स् वास्थ्यसम्बन्धी सेवाहरु
हिंसा पीडित वा प्रभावितको स्वास्थ्यसम्बन्धी विवरण, संकलन, परीक्षण, उपचार अभिलेखिकरण गर्ने,
शारीरिक चोट पटकको उपचार तथा चिकित्साजन्य जाँच गर्ने, कानुनी प्रमाणका लागि विधि विज्ञान ९ँयचभलकष्अ भ्हबmष्लबतष्यल० तथा चिकित्सासम्बन्धी कानुनी ९ःभमष्अय(ीभनब०ि परीक्षण गर्ने÷गराउने,
कानुनी परीक्षण तथा आकस्मिक गर्भ निरोधक सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने, यौनजन्य संक्रमणको उपचार गर्ने,
एच.आाई.भि जाँच तथा परामर्श सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने, मानसिक स्वास्थ्य उपचार तथा मनोसामाजिक परामर्श सेवा प्रदान गर्ने, हेपाटाइटिस वि बाट वचावट गर्ने
सुरक्षित गर्भपतन सेवा प्रदान गर्ने
लैगिंक हिंसा पीडित वा प्रभावितहरुको पहिचान तथा उपचारका लागि तयार गरिएको क्लिनिकल प्रोटोकल अनुसार सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने,
आवश्यकता अनुसारको प्रेषण तथा अन्य सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने ।
मनोसामाजिक परामर्श सेवा लैगिंक हिंसा पीडित वा प्रभावितलाई मनोसामाजिक परामर्श सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने, आवश्यकताका आधारमा पीडकलाई समेत मनोसामाजिक विमर्श÷परामर्श सेवा उपलब्ध गराउने,
सुरक्षा लैगिंक हिंसाबाट पीडित वा प्रभावित महिला तथा बालबालिकाहरुका लागि पूर्ण सुरक्षाको प्रत्याभूति दिनका लागि जिल्ला प्रहरी कार्यालयले आवश्यक सुरक्षाको व्यवस्था मिलाउने । एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्र, सेवा केन्द्र, पुनस्र्थापना केन्द्र र
सुमदायमा समेत लैगिंक हिंसाबाट प्रभावितहरुको सुरक्षा प्रदान गर्ने एवम् उनीहरुसँग सम्बन्धित सूचनाहरुको गोपनियता कायम गर्नुपर्नेछ ।
सेवा केन्द्र (सुरक्षित आवास) हिंसा पीडित वा प्रभावित महिला तथा बालबालिकाहरुका लागि सामुदायिक सेवा केन्द्र तथा सुरक्षित आवासमा बस्ने सेवाका लागि सम्प्रेषण गर्ने । प्रभावितले आवश्यकता अनुसारको सेवा उक्त सामुदायिक सेवा केन्द्र तथा सुरक्षित आवासबाट प्राप्त गर्न सक्दछन् ।
कानुनी परामर्श र उपचार आवश्यकता अनुसार जिल्ला न्यायधिवक्ता तथा कानूनी सहायता केन्द्र÷कानुनी परामर्शदाताको सहयोगबाट लैगिंक हिंसा पीडित वा प्रभावितका लागि कानुनी उपचारका लागि आवश्यक सेवा प्रदान गर्ने ।
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This document discusses sustainable development and its relationship to disaster risk reduction. It defines sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The document outlines some key principles of sustainable development, including integrating disaster risk reduction into development planning and projects. It argues that development can both increase disaster risks if not properly managed, but it can also reduce vulnerabilities and build resilience if approaches factor in risk. The overall message is that sustainable development which considers disaster risks is important for achieving long-term development goals.
right to food act 2073
1) This document is about a proposed Food Related Act 20XX in Nepal. Its objectives are to guarantee citizens' right to food and protect people from risk of starvation.
2) It defines key terms like "food", "quality food", and establishes a food inspection system. Inspectors can inspect facilities to check for quality standards.
3) The act requires an initial food testing or quality impact assessment be submitted with any proposal to ensure it does not negatively impact food quality. Proposals cannot be implemented without approval.
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This document discusses health care and legal recourse for victims of sexual violence. It notes that seeking medical care after sexual violence is important to prevent unwanted pregnancy, STDs including HIV, and physical and psychological harm. Victims should go to the nearest district hospital as soon as possible, within 5 days for emergency contraception and 3 days for STD treatment and evidence collection. The document also discusses what constitutes rape under Nepali law and the legal provisions, including imprisonment of up to 2 years for rape of a minor and facilitating rape.
Updated_Yaunjanya Hinsako Swasthya Upachar ra Kanuni Upachar.pptx
This document discusses health care and legal recourse for victims of sexual violence. It notes that seeking medical care after sexual violence is important to prevent unwanted pregnancy, STDs including HIV, and physical and psychological harm. Victims should go to the nearest district hospital as soon as possible, within 5 days for emergency contraception and 3 days for STD treatment and evidence collection. The document also discusses what constitutes rape under Nepali law and the legal provisions, including imprisonment of up to 2 years for rape of a minor and facilitating rape.
Agriculture credit_directives.pptx
This document contains details about Nepal Rastra Bank's agricultural loan policy and procedures. It has two parts - the agricultural loan policy and the agricultural loan procedures. The policy outlines the necessary policy framework for loan investments by commercial banks, while the procedures contain the loan process details for policy implementation. The document discusses topics like eligible loan purposes, target groups, interest rates, collateral requirements, disbursement process, and loan recovery procedures.
First paper unit 3
The document discusses development administration in Nepal. It states that development administration is a component of public administration and is the administrative practice that provides direction and momentum to a nation's development efforts. It involves formulating, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating development plans, policies, and programs, as well as establishing administrative systems to enhance their effectiveness. Some key challenges facing development administration in Nepal include weak administration, lack of results from development efforts, supply-driven programs, difficulties due to geographic disparities, and increasing corruption. However, there are also opportunities such as achieving MDG targets, increasing the state's role in poverty reduction, and improving service delivery through use of ICT.
Nepalese Cooperative act 2072, My opinion and sugestion
The proposed Cooperatives Act 2072 is aimed at modernizing and updating the existing Cooperatives Act 2048 to meet current needs. Some provisions in the draft bill have been debated, including those relating to board tenure, investment restrictions, and mandatory share capital requirements. While certain provisions like increasing women's participation are welcomed, others may hinder the cooperative movement by over-regulating aspects like name changes, mergers, and profit distribution in a way that goes against global cooperative principles. The bill needs to balance oversight with allowing cooperatives flexibility to serve members according to local contexts.
Cooperative Act 2072
New Cooperative Act of Nepal 2072 most be revised before its approval by the Constitutional Assembly of Nepal.
Liquor Production Guidline Nepal
This document outlines revised guidelines for granting permission to establish and expand distillery and liquor industries in Nepal. Key points include:
1. New distilleries and liquor industries will not be allowed in the Kathmandu Valley and other sub-metropolitan and metropolitan cities, except for newly declared municipalities.
2. All distillery and liquor industries must be established outside an international border zone of 5km.
3. Distilleries and liquor industries are not allowed in certain protected and religious areas, and areas specified by the Government of Nepal.
The guidelines also provide requirements for environmental impact assessments, land ownership, production capacity, and waste treatment for proposed distillery and liquor industries. Fees of NPR
Karuwa ashoj 1
The document discusses declining trust in journalism and media among readers. Readers are placing more trust in social media information over traditional news sources, as some media outlets prioritize content that favors their own interests and censor opposing views. While social media allows all opinions to be shared, it is also increasing people's attraction away from professional journalism. Journalism is also becoming less impartial as outlets favor party-aligned or factional reporting over public interest journalism. This partisan approach has weakened integrity and balance in reporting.
Pairabi Newsletter Issue 16
यस अंकभित्र
आर्थिक–सामाजिक अधिकारप्रति प्रतिवद्धताः न्यायमा महिलाको पहु“चको सुनिश्चितता विषयक नवौं राष्ट्रिय परामर्श गोष्ठी
मेरो शरीर ः मेरो अधिकार कार्यशाला
द्रुत न्याय प्रणाली र न्यायमा महिलाको पहुँच
संक्रमणकालीन न्यायः महिलाको दृष्टिकोणबाट
गर्भपतनसम्बन्धी बढ्दो निन्दा ः महिलाको स्वास्थ्य र हितका लागि चुनौती]
सामाजिक लेखा परीक्षण
चौथो महिला सामाजिक मञ्च
दहेज तथा महिला हिंसा न्युनीकरणका लागि हाम्रो भूमिका
वैदेशिक रोजगारलाई सुरक्षित बनाउन सरोकारवालाहरूको भूमिका
आप्रवासी कामदारहरूको अधिकार संरक्षणका लागि दक्षिण एसियाली क्षेत्रीय परामर्श बैठक
आप्रवासी कामदारको रेमिटेन्स व्यवस्थापन तथा आप्रवासी कामदारहरूको अधिकार सम्बन्धी नीतिहरू र कार्यान्वयनको अवस्था
विश्व आप्रवासन दिवस २०१३ को अवसरमा मोरङ र धनुषामा अन्तरक्रियात्मक कार्यक्रम
बलात्कार विरुद्धको राष्ट्रिय अभियान
Cheli sandesh issue 6
1. The document discusses the story of a woman named Chelisa who was trafficked at age 13 and sexually abused for around 2 years before escaping.
2. It notes that despite estimates of 8000-8500 people being trafficked annually in Nepal, very few cases are reported to police. When victims cannot get justice, it is difficult to end trafficking.
3. It emphasizes the need for more effective implementation of laws and protection for victims to encourage reporting of cases, as many go uninvestigated due to lack of evidence and victims' inability to publicly pursue justice.
HRDC Child Protection & Safeguarding Policy Field Modality 2018
1. This document provides guidance for community-based staff, volunteers and others to identify and prevent child abuse, especially for children with disabilities.
2. Children with physical disabilities are at higher risk of abuse. Identifying abuse can not only stop it but also minimize its impacts on the child's life.
3. The guide explains different types of child abuse and their signs, to help identify abuse and find appropriate solutions to prevent and address it. It also discusses raising awareness on child protection in relief camps.
Case study dipecho v upca
The community initially had misunderstandings about the relief distribution from PACT Nepal, with people saying PACT would provide each household Rs. 50,000 and a bag of grain. However, after regular meetings between PACT staff and the community to explain PACT's objectives and that it does not provide direct cash relief, the community now understands PACT's role is to build disaster resilience, not provide cash. The community disaster management committee now clarifies any issues themselves. Regular interaction through the community listening center helped address the initial challenges around project implementation.
Similar to Bhindi bali tipai (भिण्डी बाली टिपाइ (भित्र्याउने र बजार व्यवस्थापन)) (20)
Commercial orange farming (व्यावसायिक सुन्तला खेती)
Commercial orange farming (व्यावसायिक सुन्तला खेती)
Guideline for health institutions established upgrade standard
Guideline for health institutions established upgrade standard
एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्र र यसले प्रदान गर्ने सेवा सम्बन्धी जानकारी पत्र
एकद्वार संकट व्यवस्थापन केन्द्र र यसले प्रदान गर्ने सेवा सम्बन्धी जानकारी पत्र
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Nepalese Cooperative act 2072, My opinion and sugestion
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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- 1. gf]6 M k|sfzssf] cg'dlt ljgf o; k|sfzgsf] laqmL ljt/0f jf s'g} klg Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g . o; ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/L ljleGg lj1sf] ;Nnfx tyf cGo ;+3;:yfn] k|sfzg u/]sf ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf x'g . o;df ;d'bfon] cfkmgf] k|of;df ug{ ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . t/ ljif]z kl/l:yltdf k'g ;DalGwt lj1sf] ;Nnfx lng' kg]{5 . ;+lIfKtk|fljlws1fg le08L afnL l6kfO -leqofpg] / ahf/ Joj:yfkg_ p2]Zo le08L afnL leqofpg] plrt ;do tyf Joj:yfkgsf af/]df :ki6 x'g] . le08Laf6 plrt kmfObf k|fKt ug{ nflu ahf/ k|0ffnLsf] af/]df :ki6 x'g] . k|fljlws 1fg tyf sfo{ljlw le08LnfO{ k6s–k6s u/L w]/}k6s leqofpg ;lsG5 . le08L l6Kbf af]6df nfu]sf sf]lknf tyf km"nsf] gf]S;fg gx'g]u/L l6Kg' kb{5 . ;fdfGotof le08L xl/of], sdnf] / kl/kSs cj:yfsf] eP kl5 l6Kg' kb{5 . le08L l6Kg' eGbf klxn] glhs tyf cGo If]qdf /x]sf ;Defljt ahf/x?sf] ljZn]if0f ug'{ kb{5 . ahf/sf] dfucg';f/ slxn] / s:tf] cj:yfdf le08L l6Kg] eGg] ljifosf] lgwf{/0f ug'{ kb{5 . ;fdfGotof :yfgLo / pGgt hftsf] le08Ln] ^)) b]lv &)) s]=lh= k|lt/f]kgL pTkfbg lbg ;Sb5 t/ j0f{zÍ/ hftaf6 k|lt/f]kgL !@)) b]lv !%)) s]=lh= ;Dd pTkfbg lng ;lsG5 . ahf/sf] dfu x]/L ;fgf] / 7"nf] tyf /fd|f] / g/fd|f] kmnnfO{ 5'6ofO laqmL u/]df pko'Qm d"No k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5, t;y{ afnL l6lk;s] kl5 o;nfO{ cfsf/cg';f/ juL{s/0f ug'{ kb{5 . l6k]sf] le08L ahf/ tyf cGo :yfg jf ahf/df n}hfg 9'jfgL ubf{ ljleGGf k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L gf]S;fgL gx'g] u/L ;'/lIft tf}/tl/sfaf6 9'jfgL ug'{ kb{5 . lrqM le08Lsf] l6Kg nfos kmn 5nkmnsf nflu k|Zg le08L afnL leqofpg] avt Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ s]–s] x'g < xfdLx¿n] le08L afnL s'g–s'g ahf/df nu]/ a]Rg] / ;f]sf nflu s;/L Joj:yf ldnfpg' knf{ <