1. The document provides information on the identification, control, and management of diseases that affect rice crops. 2. Several types of diseases can infect rice plants, including blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight. 3. Control and management of rice diseases involves using resistant varieties, removing infected plant material, and applying appropriate pesticides and fungicides at recommended doses and intervals.

1. gf]6 M k|sfzssf] cg'dlt ljgf o; k|sfzgsf] laqmL ljt/0f jf s'g} klg Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
o; ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/L ljleGg lj1sf] ;Nnfx tyf cGo ;+3;:yfn] k|sfzg u/]sf ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf x'g . o;df
;d'bfon] cfkmgf] k|of;df ug{ ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . t/ ljif]z kl/l:yltdf k'g ;DalGwt lj1sf] ;Nnfx lng' kg]{5 .
;+lIfKtk|fljlws1fg
le08L afnLdf nfUg] /f]u / ltgsf] Joj:yfkg
p2]Zo
 le08L afnLdf nfUg] /f]usf] klxrfg, lgoGq0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf] af/]df
:ki6 x'g] .
k|fljlws 1fg tyf sfo{ljlw
 le08L afnLdf b]lvg] emf/kft /fd|f] Joj:yfkg u/]df o;df nfUg]
w]/}h;f] /f]usf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . le08L afnLdf w]/} vfnsf /f]ux¿
nfUb5g / tL /f]ux¿nfO{ ljleGg lsl;dn] lgoGq0f ug{ / Joj:yfkg
ug{ ;lsG5 .
 kft sfnf] eP/ 89] h:tf] nIf0f b]lvPdf 89'jf /f]u nfu]sf] x'g ;Sb5 .
o;sf nflu /f]u nfu]sf] af]6 / glhssf emf/kft pv]nL ;/;kmfO ug'{
kb{5 / pko'Qm vfnsf] afnLrqm ckgfpg' kb{5 .
 89'jf /f]usf nflu AnfO6S; %) sf] !=% u|fd / 8fOy]g Pd $% ljiffbL
!=% u|fd u/L hDdf # u|fd ljiffbLnfO{ ! ln6/ kfgLdf ld;fO le08Lsf]
af]6 leHg]u/L 5s{g' kb{5 .
 Kfftsf] /ªudf kl/jt{g cfO a]Un} xl/of], l5s]{lds]{, kftx? vfN6f–v'N6L
k/]sf] / af]6sf] j[l4 /fd|f];Fu gePsf] b]lvPdf efO/; jf sf]l8of /f]u
nfu]sf] x'g ;Sb5 .
 efO/; jf sf]l8of /f]usf] /f]syfdsf nflu e/kbf]{ tyf u'0f:t/Lo
aLpsf] k|of]u ug'{ kb{5 . /f]uL af]6x¿ x6fpg' kb{5, r';fxf sL/fx?sf]
lgoGq0f ug'{ kb{5 / eL/s'n Pr jf leS6f] efO/; h:tf ljiffbL k|of]u
ug'{ kb{5 .
 af]6x? ;n{Ss cf]OnfPsf] b]lvPdf cf]Onfpg] /f]u nfu]sf] x'g ;Sb5 .
of] /f]u JofS6]l/ofsf] sf/0f nfUg] ub{5 . cf]Onfpg] /f]u Joj:yfkgsf
nflu pko'Qm afnLrs| k|0ffnL ckgfpg' kb{5, /f]u cj/f]ws hftx?
nufpg' kb{5 / :6«6f];fOlSng ! u|fd k|lt % ln6/ kfgLdf ld;fO
la?jfsf] h/f lehfO ;fg'{ kb{5 .
 af]6 ;fgf] / Vofp6] x'g', a9g g;Sg', kft kxF]lnP/ emg'{ / la?jfsf]
h/fdf ;–;fgf luvf{ b]lvg', h/fdf ufF7f] kg{] /f]usf] nIf0f x'g ;Sb5 .
o; /f]usf] lgoGq0fsf nflu pko'Qm afnLrqm ckgfpg], vghf]t
ulx/f];Fu ug{], afnL;Fu ;"o{d'vL tyf ;okqL h:tf km"nsf af]6x¿
ld;fP/ nufpg] / /f]uL af]6 plrt tl/sfn] gi6 ug{] ug'{ kb{5 .
 af]6sf] 6'Kkf] dflyaf6 ;'Sb} cfpg' jf k"/} xfFuf jf xfFufsf] s]xL efu
;'Sg', 8fF7df sfnf–sfnf ;–;fgf luvf{x? b]lvg' h:tf nIf0f b]lvPdf
sf]q] /f]u nfu]sf] x'g ;Sb5 .

2. gf]6 M k|sfzssf] cg'dlt ljgf o; k|sfzgsf] laqmL ljt/0f jf s'g} klg Jofkfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
o; ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/L ljleGg lj1sf] ;Nnfx tyf cGo ;+3;:yfn] k|sfzg u/]sf ;fdu|Ldf lbOPsf] hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df lgdf{0f ul/Psf x'g . o;df
;d'bfon] cfkmgf] k|of;df ug{ ;Sg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . t/ ljif]z kl/l:yltdf k'g ;DalGwt lj1sf] ;Nnfx lng' kg]{5 .
;+lIfKtk|fljlws1fg
 sf]q] /f]u lgoGq0fsf nflu ;kmf–z'4 / u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] k|of]u ug'{
kb{5 . o;sf ;fy} k'/fgf af]6 tyf emf/kft ;Íng u/L hnfP/ klg
o;sf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
 sf]q] /f]usf] laiffbL /fv]/ lgoGq0f ug]{ xf] eg] AnfO6fS; %) / 8fOy]g
Pd $% sf] !=% / !=% u|fd u/L hDdf # u|fd ljiffbL k|ltln6/ kfgLdf
ld;fO &÷& lbgsf] km/sdf 5/]sf] v08df o; /f]usf] lgoGq0f ug{
;lsG5 .
lrq= le08Lsf] efO{/; jf sf]8Lof /f]u
5nkmnsf nflu k|Zg
 le08L afnLdf /f]usf] k|sf]k sd ug{ s]–s:tf vfnsf ljlw tyf
k|lqmofx¿ cjnDag ug'{ kb{5 <
 le08L afnLdf s:tf–s:tf vfnsf /f]ux? nfUb5g / logLx?sf]
lgoGq0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu s] ug'{ kb{5 <
 xfdLn] le08L afnLdf nfUg] /f]ux?sf] lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos ljiffbLx?
slxn] / s;n] Joj:yf ug{] <