The Berlin Hauptbahnhof is the largest train station in Europe, capable of handling over 1,500 trains and 25,000 passengers daily. Designed by architect Meinhard von Gerkan and built between 1993-2006, it features 14 platforms spread over two levels. The station's central nave is covered by a large glass dome and connects two curved building bridges that frame the space and emphasize the station's importance as a transportation hub linking eastern and western Europe.
The document discusses plans for a new North-South train station in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It will be the main train station for the capital city, serving passengers on the north-south rail line connecting various regions. The proposed station will have the capacity to serve over 4,500 passengers simultaneously with arrival and departure lounges, platforms, administration offices, shops, and other amenities. It is being designed as a landmark building that can also accommodate future expansion of railway services in Riyadh and Saudi Arabia.
The document provides details about the Maharana Pratap Inter-state Bus Terminus (ISBT) located in Delhi, India. Some key details include:
- It was completed in 1973 and covers an area of 11 acres.
- It operates bus services between Delhi and 7 nearby states, handling inter-state transportation.
- The design focuses on segregating passenger movement from vehicle movement and different transportation modes for efficiency.
- The arrival and departure blocks are the main functional areas, with the former having 19 bus unloading platforms across 7 floors and the latter having loading platforms across two levels.
- Amenities like ticket counters, waiting areas, shops, and toilets
The document summarizes the design and construction of the Beijing South Railway Station. Some key points:
- The station covers an area of 144,190 square meters and serves as a major rail hub in Beijing.
- The futuristic design draws inspiration from traditional Chinese architecture, resembling the triple-roofed Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest at the Temple of Heaven.
- Construction began in 2005 and was completed in just under three years at a cost of over $800 million. The station can handle over 240 million passengers annually.
Netaji Subhash Place metro station is located on the Red Line in Delhi. It houses several stores like KFC, clothing stores, and ATMs. There is a pedestrian walkway connecting it to Ring Road and nearby hospitals, malls, and other landmarks. The station has parking for around 100 cars and an auto stand. It provides connectivity to other stations on the Shahdara-Rithala line and is near important places in the area. Positive aspects include shopping options at the station, planned surroundings and pathways for pedestrians, and a shaded walkway to the road.
The document provides an overview of mass transit architecture and passenger rail station design. It discusses the history of transportation systems from stagecoaches to modern subways and trains. It then covers various aspects of rail system and station planning, including rail alignments, site planning, station layouts, passenger flow calculations, means of escape planning, structural designs, building services, fire safety considerations, materials selection, and construction aspects. Upgrades, running costs, and some classic transit station designs are also briefly mentioned.
This document summarizes transportation in and around Anand Vihar, Delhi. It discusses the metro, rail, and bus networks in the area. Anand Vihar is a major transportation hub with the ISBT, railway station, and metro station located nearby. It analyzes current issues like congestion and lack of infrastructure to handle passenger volume. Future plans are proposed to better integrate different transit modes and increase connectivity and capacity at Anand Vihar.
The document provides information about the Mattuthavani Bus Terminus in Madurai, India. It summarizes that the bus terminus was constructed in 1999 and rebuilt in 2003 to accommodate increased traffic. It has 8 platforms with 12 bays each that are used by multiple state transport services. The 18-acre facility has amenities like an information center, food stalls, and restrooms. Buses, autos, and motorcycles each have designated parking areas. The building uses materials like concrete, granite, and bitumen and has features such as a compound wall, staircase, and railings.
The Berlin Hauptbahnhof is the largest train station in Europe, capable of handling over 1,500 trains and 25,000 passengers daily. Designed by architect Meinhard von Gerkan and built between 1993-2006, it features 14 platforms spread over two levels. The station's central nave is covered by a large glass dome and connects two curved building bridges that frame the space and emphasize the station's importance as a transportation hub linking eastern and western Europe.
The document discusses plans for a new North-South train station in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It will be the main train station for the capital city, serving passengers on the north-south rail line connecting various regions. The proposed station will have the capacity to serve over 4,500 passengers simultaneously with arrival and departure lounges, platforms, administration offices, shops, and other amenities. It is being designed as a landmark building that can also accommodate future expansion of railway services in Riyadh and Saudi Arabia.
The document provides details about the Maharana Pratap Inter-state Bus Terminus (ISBT) located in Delhi, India. Some key details include:
- It was completed in 1973 and covers an area of 11 acres.
- It operates bus services between Delhi and 7 nearby states, handling inter-state transportation.
- The design focuses on segregating passenger movement from vehicle movement and different transportation modes for efficiency.
- The arrival and departure blocks are the main functional areas, with the former having 19 bus unloading platforms across 7 floors and the latter having loading platforms across two levels.
- Amenities like ticket counters, waiting areas, shops, and toilets
The document summarizes the design and construction of the Beijing South Railway Station. Some key points:
- The station covers an area of 144,190 square meters and serves as a major rail hub in Beijing.
- The futuristic design draws inspiration from traditional Chinese architecture, resembling the triple-roofed Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest at the Temple of Heaven.
- Construction began in 2005 and was completed in just under three years at a cost of over $800 million. The station can handle over 240 million passengers annually.
Netaji Subhash Place metro station is located on the Red Line in Delhi. It houses several stores like KFC, clothing stores, and ATMs. There is a pedestrian walkway connecting it to Ring Road and nearby hospitals, malls, and other landmarks. The station has parking for around 100 cars and an auto stand. It provides connectivity to other stations on the Shahdara-Rithala line and is near important places in the area. Positive aspects include shopping options at the station, planned surroundings and pathways for pedestrians, and a shaded walkway to the road.
The document provides an overview of mass transit architecture and passenger rail station design. It discusses the history of transportation systems from stagecoaches to modern subways and trains. It then covers various aspects of rail system and station planning, including rail alignments, site planning, station layouts, passenger flow calculations, means of escape planning, structural designs, building services, fire safety considerations, materials selection, and construction aspects. Upgrades, running costs, and some classic transit station designs are also briefly mentioned.
This document summarizes transportation in and around Anand Vihar, Delhi. It discusses the metro, rail, and bus networks in the area. Anand Vihar is a major transportation hub with the ISBT, railway station, and metro station located nearby. It analyzes current issues like congestion and lack of infrastructure to handle passenger volume. Future plans are proposed to better integrate different transit modes and increase connectivity and capacity at Anand Vihar.
The document provides information about the Mattuthavani Bus Terminus in Madurai, India. It summarizes that the bus terminus was constructed in 1999 and rebuilt in 2003 to accommodate increased traffic. It has 8 platforms with 12 bays each that are used by multiple state transport services. The 18-acre facility has amenities like an information center, food stalls, and restrooms. Buses, autos, and motorcycles each have designated parking areas. The building uses materials like concrete, granite, and bitumen and has features such as a compound wall, staircase, and railings.
The document describes the Central Bus Station in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. It provides details about the site, building layout and design, facilities, and services. The bus terminal covers an area of 22,325 sqm and handles over 800 buses and 28,000-35,000 passengers daily. It incorporates a shopping mall along with platforms, parking, ticket counters, waiting areas, shops, and other passenger amenities. The design aims to separate bus and passenger traffic flows. Services include security checkpoints, firefighting systems, and provisions for physically disabled access throughout most of the building.
The document proposes plans to decongest Road No. 56 and improve connectivity to Anand Vihar railway station and terminal in Delhi. It analyzes current traffic patterns and proposes a multi-modal interchange with new entry/exit routes, priority for pedestrians and public transit, and a guided bus corridor. The plan aims to reduce bottlenecks and conflicts through an interconnected street network around the station.
Intermodal transport hub – an international case study
Denver Union Station is the main railway station and central transportation hub in Denver, Colorado. It is located at 17th and Wynkoop Streets in the present-day LoDo district and includes the historic terminal building, a train shed, a 22-gate underground bus facility, and light rail station.
In 2012, the station underwent a major renovation transforming it into the centerpiece of a new transit-oriented mixed-use development built on the site's former railyards.
The station house re-opened in the summer of 2014 as a combination of the 112-room Crawford Hotel, several restaurants and retails and a dining hall.
This document describes a design thesis submitted to Gujarat Technological University for a multi-modal transit hub located at Gandhigram, Ahmedabad. The thesis was submitted by Nausheen Chhipa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Architecture degree. It includes a certificate signed by the thesis committee members, an acknowledgment of those who assisted in the project, and an abstract providing an overview of the proposed transit hub and its integration of various transportation modes in Ahmedabad.
The CMBT is the largest bus terminal in Asia, located in Chennai, India. It spans 37 acres and handles over 2,000 buses and 200,000 passengers daily. Facilities include a metro station, bus and vehicle parking, hotels, shops, ATMs, and medical services. While well-connected and efficiently operating buses, it lacks some amenities like centralized ticket booking and two-wheeler parking. Future goals include improving ventilation and implementing social distancing measures to prevent virus spread.
This document discusses the development plans for Navi Mumbai, a satellite city of Mumbai, India. It outlines the topography and connection between Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. It then provides development plans for the nodal areas in Navi Mumbai, including Airoli, Ghansoli, Vashi, Sanpada, Nerul, Belapur, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Panvel, Kamothe, Ulwe, and Dronagiri. The development plans aim to disperse traffic and zone land uses in Navi Mumbai.
Town Planning Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Dipesh Jain
town planning
Pimpri Chinchwad
municipal corporation
case study
pune
introduction
information
location
climate
governing body
Pcmc schemes
vision
It firms
social
recreational facilities
Instutional setup
Projects executed
BRT'S project
Bus station
This document provides information about Ranganathan Street in Chennai, India. It describes the history and location of the street, which has been a major commercial area since the 1920s. The street is home to many small shops and vendors selling goods like clothing, jewelry, produce, and electronics. It is very crowded throughout the year, but especially during festivals like Deepavali. The document includes maps and diagrams showing land use, building heights, connectivity, street cross-sections, and more. It also discusses issues like lack of parking, sidewalk encroachment, and improper infrastructure that contribute to the street's congestion.
Street Design Workshop
Council of Architecture Training & Research centre, Pune
29.06.18
Case: Fergusson College Road, Pune
(FC college junction to Lalit mahal chowk)
Team: Sandeep Paul, Maitri Shah, Taha Padrawala ,Praveen Suthar
Mentors: Darpana Athale, Rahul Kadam, Jayshree Deshpande, Prasanna Desai, Rajiv Raje and Khushru Irani
Barrier free architecture- Case study(Amar jyoti school Delhi)Bimenpreet Kaur
The Amar Jyoti School in Delhi educates equal numbers of children with and without disabilities from nursery to 8th grade. The campus is fully accessible with features like ramps, tactile paths, and a disabled-friendly bus. Ramps have handrails and 3-degree slopes. Tactile tiles guide students with low vision. Washrooms and other facilities are designed to be accessible.
This document provides information about the Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT) in Chennai, India. Some key details include:
- The CMBT services 2.5 lakh passengers daily across 3000 buses with a built up area of 17,840 sqm on a 14.5 hectare site.
- It has facilities such as a maintenance shed, fuel filling station, crew rest rooms, shops, ATMs, and a free emergency clinic.
- The terminus consists of 3 fingers that can hold 60 buses each, with entry/exit points clearly demarcated for buses, vehicles and pedestrians.
This case study examines the City Centre Kolkata project, a commercial, cultural, and social hub in Kolkata, India designed by architect Charles Correa. The project aims to create a space that serves as a node for various activities. Located in Salt Lake City, it incorporates mixed uses on its 50,400 square meter site. Key aspects of the design include replicating conventional Indian shopping markets with an open, clustered layout, and connecting public spaces and diverse activities through built forms and linkages. Floor plans show the arrangement of functions across levels, while sections illustrate the integration of interior and exterior spaces.
This document provides details about the Unitech Horizon housing project located in Greater Noida, India. It was developed by Unitech Limited on 25 acres with 23 blocks comprising 3 towers each. The housing has 600 parking spaces in its basement and facilities such as a clubhouse, swimming pool, playground, and landscaped areas. Floor plans show 3BHK flats ranging from 157-158 square meters. Diagrams and sections illustrate the project's layout, circulation, and building design.
The Ranip Bus Terminal in Ahmedabad, Gujarat is a modern facility that provides amenities for bus passengers and commercial uses. The 30,000 square meter terminal has 2 bus bays that can accommodate 30 buses and parking for 20 more buses. It was designed to separate the bus terminal functions from the commercial complex to better serve each group of users. The complex connectivity and design has served as an inspiration for other transit centers.
This document provides information about the Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminal located in Chennai, India. Some key details include:
- It is located on Jawaharlal Nehru Salai in Koyambedu, Chennai and covers an area of 36 acres, making it one of the largest bus terminals in Asia.
- The terminal was designed by architect Kuldeep Singh and opened in 2002 at a cost of 103 crore rupees.
- It has facilities such as parking, a dispensary, crew rooms, shops, and a fuel filling station on the ground floor and additional office and commercial space on the first floor.
This document provides information about a site located in Kodikal, Mangalore, Karnataka, India for potential development. It describes the site's surroundings such as a river area, gas station, grassland, residential and commercial areas. It notes the site's strengths like flat topography and green space, and weaknesses like dirty water and lack of public transportation. Opportunities include nearby water sources and highway access. The main threat is potential flooding from the Gurupura River. It also provides context about Mangalore's population, economy, and religious/ethnic groups.
Urban Design-Literature study St. Marks Road, BangaloreAnsh Agarwal
Urban Planning
Literature study of St. Marks Road, Bangalore.
Includes:
1. Road Details
2. Survey Details & Analysis
3. Action Needed
4. Proposals
5. Action Made
6. Before & After Scenerio
7. Anatomy of Changes
The intercity bus terminal was designed on the way to Aksaray, 5km away from the city center , due to the existing bus terminal’s incompatibility to handle the needs. The convenience of the linkage to the local road of Nigde and to the city center were the reasons why this area is preferred.
The document describes the Central Bus Station in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. It provides details about the site, building layout and design, facilities, and services. The bus terminal covers an area of 22,325 sqm and handles over 800 buses and 28,000-35,000 passengers daily. It incorporates a shopping mall along with platforms, parking, ticket counters, waiting areas, shops, and other passenger amenities. The design aims to separate bus and passenger traffic flows. Services include security checkpoints, firefighting systems, and provisions for physically disabled access throughout most of the building.
The document proposes plans to decongest Road No. 56 and improve connectivity to Anand Vihar railway station and terminal in Delhi. It analyzes current traffic patterns and proposes a multi-modal interchange with new entry/exit routes, priority for pedestrians and public transit, and a guided bus corridor. The plan aims to reduce bottlenecks and conflicts through an interconnected street network around the station.
Intermodal transport hub – an international case study
Denver Union Station is the main railway station and central transportation hub in Denver, Colorado. It is located at 17th and Wynkoop Streets in the present-day LoDo district and includes the historic terminal building, a train shed, a 22-gate underground bus facility, and light rail station.
In 2012, the station underwent a major renovation transforming it into the centerpiece of a new transit-oriented mixed-use development built on the site's former railyards.
The station house re-opened in the summer of 2014 as a combination of the 112-room Crawford Hotel, several restaurants and retails and a dining hall.
This document describes a design thesis submitted to Gujarat Technological University for a multi-modal transit hub located at Gandhigram, Ahmedabad. The thesis was submitted by Nausheen Chhipa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Architecture degree. It includes a certificate signed by the thesis committee members, an acknowledgment of those who assisted in the project, and an abstract providing an overview of the proposed transit hub and its integration of various transportation modes in Ahmedabad.
The CMBT is the largest bus terminal in Asia, located in Chennai, India. It spans 37 acres and handles over 2,000 buses and 200,000 passengers daily. Facilities include a metro station, bus and vehicle parking, hotels, shops, ATMs, and medical services. While well-connected and efficiently operating buses, it lacks some amenities like centralized ticket booking and two-wheeler parking. Future goals include improving ventilation and implementing social distancing measures to prevent virus spread.
This document discusses the development plans for Navi Mumbai, a satellite city of Mumbai, India. It outlines the topography and connection between Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. It then provides development plans for the nodal areas in Navi Mumbai, including Airoli, Ghansoli, Vashi, Sanpada, Nerul, Belapur, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Panvel, Kamothe, Ulwe, and Dronagiri. The development plans aim to disperse traffic and zone land uses in Navi Mumbai.
Town Planning Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Dipesh Jain
town planning
Pimpri Chinchwad
municipal corporation
case study
pune
introduction
information
location
climate
governing body
Pcmc schemes
vision
It firms
social
recreational facilities
Instutional setup
Projects executed
BRT'S project
Bus station
This document provides information about Ranganathan Street in Chennai, India. It describes the history and location of the street, which has been a major commercial area since the 1920s. The street is home to many small shops and vendors selling goods like clothing, jewelry, produce, and electronics. It is very crowded throughout the year, but especially during festivals like Deepavali. The document includes maps and diagrams showing land use, building heights, connectivity, street cross-sections, and more. It also discusses issues like lack of parking, sidewalk encroachment, and improper infrastructure that contribute to the street's congestion.
Street Design Workshop
Council of Architecture Training & Research centre, Pune
29.06.18
Case: Fergusson College Road, Pune
(FC college junction to Lalit mahal chowk)
Team: Sandeep Paul, Maitri Shah, Taha Padrawala ,Praveen Suthar
Mentors: Darpana Athale, Rahul Kadam, Jayshree Deshpande, Prasanna Desai, Rajiv Raje and Khushru Irani
Barrier free architecture- Case study(Amar jyoti school Delhi)Bimenpreet Kaur
The Amar Jyoti School in Delhi educates equal numbers of children with and without disabilities from nursery to 8th grade. The campus is fully accessible with features like ramps, tactile paths, and a disabled-friendly bus. Ramps have handrails and 3-degree slopes. Tactile tiles guide students with low vision. Washrooms and other facilities are designed to be accessible.
This document provides information about the Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus (CMBT) in Chennai, India. Some key details include:
- The CMBT services 2.5 lakh passengers daily across 3000 buses with a built up area of 17,840 sqm on a 14.5 hectare site.
- It has facilities such as a maintenance shed, fuel filling station, crew rest rooms, shops, ATMs, and a free emergency clinic.
- The terminus consists of 3 fingers that can hold 60 buses each, with entry/exit points clearly demarcated for buses, vehicles and pedestrians.
This case study examines the City Centre Kolkata project, a commercial, cultural, and social hub in Kolkata, India designed by architect Charles Correa. The project aims to create a space that serves as a node for various activities. Located in Salt Lake City, it incorporates mixed uses on its 50,400 square meter site. Key aspects of the design include replicating conventional Indian shopping markets with an open, clustered layout, and connecting public spaces and diverse activities through built forms and linkages. Floor plans show the arrangement of functions across levels, while sections illustrate the integration of interior and exterior spaces.
This document provides details about the Unitech Horizon housing project located in Greater Noida, India. It was developed by Unitech Limited on 25 acres with 23 blocks comprising 3 towers each. The housing has 600 parking spaces in its basement and facilities such as a clubhouse, swimming pool, playground, and landscaped areas. Floor plans show 3BHK flats ranging from 157-158 square meters. Diagrams and sections illustrate the project's layout, circulation, and building design.
The Ranip Bus Terminal in Ahmedabad, Gujarat is a modern facility that provides amenities for bus passengers and commercial uses. The 30,000 square meter terminal has 2 bus bays that can accommodate 30 buses and parking for 20 more buses. It was designed to separate the bus terminal functions from the commercial complex to better serve each group of users. The complex connectivity and design has served as an inspiration for other transit centers.
This document provides information about the Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminal located in Chennai, India. Some key details include:
- It is located on Jawaharlal Nehru Salai in Koyambedu, Chennai and covers an area of 36 acres, making it one of the largest bus terminals in Asia.
- The terminal was designed by architect Kuldeep Singh and opened in 2002 at a cost of 103 crore rupees.
- It has facilities such as parking, a dispensary, crew rooms, shops, and a fuel filling station on the ground floor and additional office and commercial space on the first floor.
This document provides information about a site located in Kodikal, Mangalore, Karnataka, India for potential development. It describes the site's surroundings such as a river area, gas station, grassland, residential and commercial areas. It notes the site's strengths like flat topography and green space, and weaknesses like dirty water and lack of public transportation. Opportunities include nearby water sources and highway access. The main threat is potential flooding from the Gurupura River. It also provides context about Mangalore's population, economy, and religious/ethnic groups.
Urban Design-Literature study St. Marks Road, BangaloreAnsh Agarwal
Urban Planning
Literature study of St. Marks Road, Bangalore.
Includes:
1. Road Details
2. Survey Details & Analysis
3. Action Needed
4. Proposals
5. Action Made
6. Before & After Scenerio
7. Anatomy of Changes
The intercity bus terminal was designed on the way to Aksaray, 5km away from the city center , due to the existing bus terminal’s incompatibility to handle the needs. The convenience of the linkage to the local road of Nigde and to the city center were the reasons why this area is preferred.
Sistemi di trasporto a levitazione magnetica. Dal treno Maglev al futuristico...Fausto Intilla
Il volume propone un excursus sui sistemi di trasporto a levitazione magnetica, partendo dalle origini della tecnologia Maglev (i primi brevetti risalenti all’inizio del secolo scorso), fino ad arrivare agli attuali modelli ultra-evoluti di tale tecnologia, senza tralasciare, in ultima analisi, i progetti più avveniristici ancora allo stadio concettuale, ma già pregni della giusta carica di fattibilità. Molti paesi al mondo stanno iniziando a comprendere i vantaggi della monorotaia, mentre le nazioni ancora legate ai vecchi sistemi di trasporto rischiano di perdere una grande occasione. La tecnologia del XIX secolo non soddisfa più le esigenze delle città del nuovo millennio; inoltre, in un periodo di continuo aumento del costo dei carburanti, la monorotaia rappresenta una tecnologia innovativa la cui epoca d’oro, forse, è finalmente arrivata. Ciò che molti futurologi e scienziati visionari del secolo scorso avevano immaginato sui mezzi di trasporto del futuro, oggi, in parte, è stato già realizzato, ma occorrono ancora molte idee e molti sforzi per raggiungere ciò che viene ritenuto ancora impossibile.
CO : Règlement Sécurité incendie ERP Construction - CO 34 à 56.
Établissements Recevant du Public Articles CO Construction dispositions constructives dégagements issues de secours
Isolation acoustique des façades : Guide technique et administratif pour le traitement des Points Noirs Bruit.
CEREMA - Direction technique Territoires et ville
Architects : Nuovostudio (Gianluca Bonini, Francesco Muti, Emilio Rambelli).
Designation : DUE VILLE URBANE E UNA GALLERIA D’ARTE IN EMILIA ROMAGNA , Italy.
1. Progetti
GMP von Gerkan,
Marg und Partners Architects
Berlin Central Station
text by Daria Ricchi
Località Location
Cliente Client
Deutsche Bahn AG represented by DB Projekt Verkehrsbau GmbH
Progettisti Design architects
Meinhard von Gerkan and Jürgen Hillmer
Co-progettisti Co-workers design
Jens Kalkbrenner, Manfred Stanek
Coordinamento progettuale
Project managers
Hans-Joachim Glahn, Klaus Hoyer (long-distance rail)
Prisca Marschner (glass roofs)
Prisca Marschner, Susanne Winter (building slabs)
Strutture Structural engineering
Schlaich Bergermann und Partner
IVZ/Emch+Berger
Illuminotecnica Lighting design
Peter Andres + Conceptlicht GmbH
Costruzione Technical building equipment
Brandi IGH
Cronologia Planning time
1993 (competion 1st prize ) 1996 > 2006 (completion)
Superficie lotto Site area
100.000m2
Superficie coperta lorda Gross floor area
064_075 GMP.indd 64
Berlin, Deutschland
175.000m2
Marcus Bredt
Projects
64
1
19-02-2007 22:06:40
3. Progetti Stazione Centrale di Berlino
La “messinscena di un delirio”, così la critica
definiva la Metropolis di Fritz Lang: la visione
di una utopica città dove strade si incrociano
a più livelli e ascensori salgono e scendono da
un mondo sotterraneo. Era l’immagine di una
fantascientifica megalopoli nel 2026. Berlino,
vent’anni prima di quella data non è ancora
una megalopoli ma ha appena inaugurato la
sua nuova stazione centrale: 1.800 treni giornalieri su una superficie totale di 175.000 metri quadrati, 15.000 di negozi, 50.000 di uffici,
32.000 metri quadrati di piattaforme, 30 milioni
di passeggeri all’anno, 50 milioni entro il 2010,
25.000 persone al giorno. La più grande stazione di Europa.
L’antica Lehrter Bahnhof, sorta per veicolare
il traffico da est a ovest del paese, tra Hannover e Berlino passando per Lehrte, si trova nel
quartiere di Tiergarten ad ovest dell’Humboldthafen. Contrariamente alle stazioni coeve
(1869-1871) costruite in mattoncini, la Lehrter Bahnhof aveva uno stile rinascimentale.
L’originale facciata ideata in pietra era stata
sostituita con piastrelle smaltate tanto da farle guadagnare l’appellativo di “Palazzo tra le
stazioni”.
Dopo periodi di chiusure e numerosi danni
provocati dai bombardamenti della seconda
guerra mondiale, la Lehrter Bahnhof riapre
come stazione metropolitana nel 1987.
1
Vista sull’atrio centrale
dove si incrociano i
differenti livelli
2
Pianta del primo livello
interrato
3
Vista della stazione dal
fiume
4
Sezione longitudinale
est-ovest
in stone was replaced by glazed tiles, earning it
the nickname “a Palace among stations”.
After periods of closure and much damage
from World War II bombing, the Lehrter Bahnhof reopened as an underground station in
1987.
Immediately after the Wall fell in 1989, urban
planners started to work on a transportation
plan for the unified Berlin. The plan’s conceptual basis became the “Pilzkonzept” (“the
mushroom concept” named for the hazy form
that was created between the new line and the
existing ones), which planned for building a
new north-south railway line that intersects
with the existing underground line (Stadtbahn) in the east-west direction.
In 1993, a competition was put on to design the
new station, won by the Hamburg-based studio
Gerkan, Marg und Partners, and construction
began in 1996.
Construction took ten years for this station with
different traffic levels. The highest level is 10
1
View of tha main hall with
the connections between
the different levels
2
First underground level
plan
3
View of the station from
the river
4
East-west longitudinal
section
gmp
66
Projects Berlin Central Station
2
064_075 GMP.indd 66
0
5
20m
The “staging of a delirium”. This was what critics called Fritz Lang’s Metropolis: a Utopian vision of a city where streets cross each other on
different levels and elevators rise and fall in an
underground world.
It was a science fiction image of a megalopolis
of 2026. Twenty years before that date, Berlin
is not yet a megalopolis, but it has just opened
its new central station: 1,800 trains a day on a
total area of 175,000 square meters, 15,000 for
shops, 50,000 for offices, 32,000 square meters
of platforms, 30 million passengers a year, 50
million by 2010 and 25,000 people a day. It is
the largest station in Europe.
The old Lehrter Bahnhof was built to move
traffic from east to west of Germany, between
Hannover and Berlin, by way of Lehrte. It is
located in the Tiergarten district, west of Humboldthafen.
Unlike stations from the same period (18691871) built in brick, the Lehrter Bahnhof had a
Renaissance style. Its original façade designed
19-02-2007 19:25:18
5. Progetti Stazione Centrale di Berlino
5
Ingresso principale della
stazione
6
Sezione longitudinale
nord-sud
7
Pianta del piano terra
Marcus Bredt
68
20m
5
0
gmp
Projects Berlin Central Station
5
6
064_075 GMP.indd 68
19-02-2007 19:25:39
6. gmp
7
0
5
20m
5
Main entrance
of the station
6
Longitudinal section
south-north
7
Groundfloor plan
8
Detail of the glass covering
with the treated glass
elements
9
Cross section
10
Detail of the main hall;
The shell construction is
vaulted in three different
directions
064_075 GMP.indd 69
meters high and the lowest is 15 meters below
ground, with six tracks on the upper level and
eight on the lower level.
The principle that guides the architectural design is an emphasis given by the route of the
trains that already existed, a curved structure
marks the line on the plan that runs from east
to west, 10 meters above ground, corresponding to the original route of the railway tracks. A
total of four tracks for long-distance travel and
two for city transportation run over four new
bridges. The new north-south line runs 15 meters underground in a tunnel that goes under
the Spree River and under the large Tiergarten park. Two horizontal buildings intersect
the east-west line in the north-south direction.
The entrance hall of the north-south station, 45
meters wide and 159 long, is between the two.
The hall gives an inviting view of the Moabit
neighborhood on one side and governmental
residences on the other, thereby providing a
conceptual connection between power and the
city neighborhood.
The trains’ traffic is organized on three levels:
at the level two meters below ground, there are
the long-distance and high-speed lines, the regional north-south lines and the U5 line of the
underground. At the ground level, there is the
local public transportation with loading zones
as well as temporary parking spaces. On the
upper level, there are regional and other eastwest trains and all the other lines of the underground. Railway works have always mirrored
engineering undertakings, and the Berlin station is no exception. The raised part, which
goes east-west, includes a total of six tracks
and three platforms between them. It has no
columns and it is covered by a lightweight shell
construction, vaulted in three different directions. The combination of the three vaults, the
longitudinal beams and diagonal cables form a
delicately assembled structure.
The main hall has a 430-meter platform. The
station’s main space is covered by a curved
glazed roof over an 85 x 120 m area. The shell
and glass construction was particularly problematic, mainly because of an (unplanned)
shortening by 100 meters to speed up its construction. Devices for the natural exchange of
air and heating were also given due attention.
All of the roof’s glazed elements were treated to
shield light and a photovoltaic cell system was
placed in the modules, which give additional
shading to the platforms.
After completion in 2006, the Lehrter Bahnhof
is the largest European railway hub. Its size and
the complexity of the structure make the building a point of attraction and a public square for
the life that happens here, integrating with the
surrounding urban environments.
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Projects Berlin Central Station
gmp
5m
9
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8
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Marcus Bredt
Progetti Stazione Centrale di Berlino
8. Subito dopo la caduta del muro, nel 1989, i
pianificatori urbani cominciano a lavorare ad
un piano di trasporto per la Berlino riunificata. Elemento concettuale di progetto diviene il
“Pilzkonzept” (“concetto a fungo” nome che gli
deriva dalla vaga forma che si veniva a creare
tra la nuova linea e quelle esistenti) grazie al
quale si prevede la costruzione di una nuova
linea ferroviaria in direzione nord-sud che interseca quella già esistente della metropolitana
(Stadtbahn) in direzione est-ovest.
Nel 1993 viene bandito un concorso per la
progettazione del nuovo terminale, un concorso vinto dallo studio di Amburgo Gerkan,
Marg und Partners, che cominciano i lavori nel
1996.
I cantieri durano dieci anni per una stazione
che prevede differenti livelli di traffico: il più
alto alla quota di 10 metri ed il più basso a 15
metri sotto il livello del terreno, sei binari al
livello superiore ed otto a quello inferiore.
Il principio progettuale che guida il disegno architettonico è l’enfasi data al percorso dei treni
che già esisteva, un volume ricurvo segna in
pianta la linea che corre da est ad ovest, a 10
metri, che corrisponde al percorso originario
dei binari ferroviari. Un totale di 4 binari per
percorsi a lunga distanza e due per il trasporto
urbano corrono su 4 nuovi ponti.
La nuova linea nord-sud corre invece 15 metri
sotto il livello del suolo in un tunnel che passa
sotto il fiume Spree e sotto il grande parco del
Tiergarten.
Due edifici a stecca intersecano la linea estovest in direzione nord-sud. L’atrio della stazione nord-sud, larga 45 metri e lunga 159, si
trova tra i due. La hall offre un panorama invitante, da un lato verso il quartiere di Moabit e
dall’altro verso le residenze governative, soddisfacendo in questo modo una connessione
ideale tra potere e quartiere urbano.
Il traffico dei treni è organizzato su tre livelli: a
Marcus Bredt
8
Particolare della copertura
vetrata con dettaglio sul
vetro oscurato
9
Sezione trasversale
10
Particolare dell’atrio;
la costruzione a guscio
della copertura è voltata
in tre differenti direzioni
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9. Progetti Stazione Centrale di Berlino
Projects Berlin Central Station
Marcus Bredt
72
064_075 GMP.indd 72
11
Informazioni
Information
Fondazioni
Foundations
Arge Ausbau Bügelbauten ABB
Fa. Heitkamp GmbH
Brise-Soleil
Sun Guard
Fa. Guardian Flachglas GmbH
Porte
Doors
Fa. Blasi GmbH
Elementi in acciaio
Steel elements
Fa. Donges Stahlbau GmbH
Ingegneria degli scavi
Tunnelling/civil engineering
Wayss + Freytag Ingenieurbau AG
Elementi in vetro
Glass elements
Saint-Gobain Glass Deutschland
GmbH
Costruzioni in vetro
Glazing constructions
Fa. MERO-TSK GmbH & Co.KG
Facciata e copertura
Front and Roofing
Fa. Gebr. Schneider GmbH
Sistema di aereazione
Fa. D+H Mechatronic AG
Smoke and Heat Vent Systems
19-02-2007 19:28:34
10. 11
Vista dei collegamenti
verticali ai vari livelli della
stazione
12
Sezione particolareggiata
sulle tre quote delle
piattaforme
quota meno due metri passano le linee a lunga
percorrenza ed alta velocità, le tratte regionali
in direzione nord sud e la linea U5 della metropolitana. A livello zero corre il trasporto pubblico locale, sono previste le zone di carico e
scarico nonché i parcheggi per sosta temporanea. A livello superiore viaggiano invece i treni
regionali e non, in direzione est-ovest e tutte le
altre linee metropolitane.
Da sempre le opere ferroviarie sono lo specchio di operazioni ingegneristiche, la nuova
stazione di Berlino non lo è da meno. La parte
sopraelevata, con direzione est-ovest, che conta un totale di 6 binari, e tre piattaforme tra
loro, non ha appoggi intermedi ed è coperta da
una costruzione a guscio leggera e voltata in
tre differenti direzioni. La combinazione delle
tre volte, le travi longitudinali e i cavi diagonali
formano una struttura finemente intelaiata.
L’atrio principale prevede una piattaforma di
430 metri quadri; il vano, coperto dal tetto vetrato ricurvo, copre una superficie pari a 85
metri per 120. La costruzione in acciaio e vetro è stata resa particolarmente difficile da una
riduzione (non prevista) di 100 metri, per velocizzarne la costruzione. Nemmeno gli espedienti per il ricambio naturale dell’aria e per
il riscaldamento sono stati tralasciati. Tutti gli
elementi vetrati che compongono la copertura
sono trattati in modo da schermare la luce ed
è stato inserito un sistema di cellule fotovoltaiche nei moduli, che provvedono ad un’addizionale ombreggiatura delle piattaforme.
Dopo il completamento nel 2006 la Lehrter
Bahnhof è il più ampio scambio ferroviario
europeo, ma le sue dimensioni, la complessità
della struttura ne fanno un edificio che diviene motivo di attrazione e piazza pubblica per
la vita che vi si svolge, integrandosi, in questo
modo, con gli ambienti urbani circostanti.
0 0,2
5m
Norbert Miguletz
0,2
gmp
0
1m
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11. Progetti Stazione Centrale di Berlino
13
La stazione centrale
vista da sud
74
064_075 GMP.indd 74
Marcus Bredt
Projects Berlin Central Station
11
View of the different
levels connection system
12
Detailed section on
the rails
13
South overview
of the central station
13
19-02-2007 19:28:54