The document presents an overview of bendable concrete, also known as engineered cementitious composite (ECC), highlighting its composition, environmental benefits, applications, and pros and cons. Developed by Victor Li at the University of Michigan, ECC is recognized for its high ductility, reduced carbon emissions, and cost-effectiveness compared to conventional concrete. While it offers enhanced strength and crack resistance, it comes with higher initial costs and requires skilled labor for construction.

1. PRESENTATION
ON
BENDABLE CONCRETE
PRESENTED BY :
SOMAYA GANGOTIYA

2. BENDABLE CONCRETE

4. CONTENTS:
Introduction
ECC
Ingredients of ECC
Environment Friendliness
Uses of ECC in Field
Advantages and Disadvantages
References

5. Introduction
• The recently developed smart building material namely Bendable
concrete also known as Flexible concrete or Engineered
Cementitious Composite (ECC), was developed by the Professor
Victor Li at the University of Michigan.

6. What is ECC ?
• It is a class of ultra-ductile fibre reinforced cementitious
composites characterised by high ductility and tight crack
width control.

7. Response of ECC under Flexural Loading

8. Ingredients Of ECC
CEMENT
SAND (FINE
AGGREGATE)
SUPER
PLASTICIZER
FLY ASH PVA FIBRES WATER

9. * CEMENT
Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) – 53 grade is normally used.
* SAND
The fine aggregates passing through 4.75 mm sieve with a specific
gravity of 2.68 is normally used.
* SUPER PLASTICIZER
Super plasticizer used is Melamine Formaldehyde Sulphonate.

10. * FLY ASH
Fly ash used is pozzocrete dirk 60.
* PVA FIBRES
Polyvinyl Alcohol fibres covered with a very thin (nanometer thick),
slick coating is used.
* WATER
Water fit for drinking is generally considered fit for making concrete.

11. Environment Friendliness
ECC is a green construction material.
ECC is 37% less expensive, consumes 40% less energy, and produces 39% less carbon
dioxide than regular concrete.
ECC incorporates high volume of industrial wastes including fly ash, sands and wastes
from metal casting processes, wasted cement kiln dust from cement production.
Reduced emission of Greenhouse gases.

12. Uses of ECC in Field
The Mitaka Dam
near Hiroshima was
repaired using ECC
in 2003.
Also in 2003, an
earth retaining wall
in Gifu, Japan, was
repaired using ECC.
The 95 m (312ft.)
Glorio Roppongi
high-rise apartment
building in Tokyo
contains a total of
54 ECC coupling
beams (two per
story) intended to
mitigate earthquake
damage.
A 225 mm thick ECC
bridge deck on
interstate 94 in
Michigan was
completed in 2005.
And Many More…

13. Advantages
• It is more stronger, more durable, and lasts longer than
conventional concrete.
• It is more resistant to cracking.
• It is approx. 20-40% lighter.
• The use of steel reinforcement is reduced and can be eliminated.
• It reduces the cost of the project.
• It can be used as precast concrete

14. Disadvantages
• It has high initial cost as compared to conventional concrete.
• It requires skilled labour for construction.
• It needs some special type of materials which can be difficult to
find in some areas.
• Its quality depend upon the material used and the condition under
which it is made .

15. References
• V.C. Li, From Micromechanics to Structural Engineering – The
design of Cementitious Composites for Civil Engineering
Applications, Structural Engineering and Earthquake Engineering
, Japan Society of Civil Engineers.
• Cementitious composite bendable concrete, Construction
Innovation Forum, 6494 Latcha Road, Walbridge, USA, (2007).