Download to read offline
More Related Content
Similar to behaviorism school of thought
behaviorism school of thought
- 2.
- 3. “A schoolof thought is the collection or group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or out look of a philosophy , discipline , belief , social movement , economics , cultural movement , or art movement.”
- 4. When psychologyfirst emerged as a science separate from biology and philosophy , the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The different school of psychology represent how to represent the major theories with in psychology.
- 5.
- 6. Is alearning theory based on the idea , that behavior can be controlled or modified based on the antecedents and consequences of behaviour.
- 7. All ofour behaviors consists of responses to certain stimuli. All behavior is learnt from the environment. Our behavior I determined by reinforcement of things we do. Psychology should only focus on observable rather then then the mind.
- 8. It wasreductionist . It was elementalistic It was mentalistic
- 10. My taskwas to show the psychologists that it is possible to apply physiological knowledge to the phenomena of psychical life.
- 11. Born :1829 Nationality : Russian Place of birth : village of tyoply Occupation : physiologist & neurologist Focus of study : reflexes of brain association and materialism Died : 1905
- 12. Believed thatexternal stimulus causes all behaviours. He worked on reflexes of brain. He felt that what made human special was their ability to take past experiences and use them to inhibit reflexes.
- 14. Born :1857 Nationality : Russian Place of birth : sorali ,vyatka Occupation : neurophysiologist & psychiatrist
- 15. Establish firstpsychology lab He define reflexology as objective study. He discover association reflexes Each zone of brain has specific functions He is credited with helping to pave the way to future psychology mostly behaviourism
- 16. “As a youngman I entered the laboratory, I have spent my entire life in it, I became an old man in it, and it is my dream to spend my final days in it.” —Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
- 17. Ivan Pavlovwas a famous Russian psychologist He lived from 1849 to 1936 He made many discoveries in the field of psychology. He won noble prize in psychology in 1904.
- 18. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
- 19. conditioning inwhich the conditioned stimulus (as the sound of a bell) is paired with and precedes the unconditioned stimulus (as the sight of food) until the conditioned stimulus alone is sufficient to elicit the response (as salivation in a dog).
- 20. Pavlov placea dog in an isolated environment. He kept the food in front of the dog. The dog salivate when they saw the food. The salivation of a dog at the sight of food is a neutral response. NATURAL RESPONCE:-AN UN CONDITION REFLEX TO AN UN CONDOTION STIMULUS.
- 21. Then hepresent a food along with the sound of the bell(neutral stimulus) After many trials the dog salivate after listening of the sound of bell. It mean that the neutral stimulus produce the same response which is called the conditional response From this experiment the Pavlov concluded that classical conditioning had taken place
- 23. NEURAL BASISOF LEARNING AND MEMORY BEHAVIORAL THERAPIES CONDITIONED DRUG RESPONSE CONDITIONED HUNGER CONDITIONED EMOTIONAL RESPONSE(FEAR CONDITIONING).
- 24. Colors fade,temples crumble, empires fall, but wise words endure.
- 25. BORN: 31,1847 DIED: 9,1949 NATIONALITY : American OCCUPATION: psychologist KNOWN FOR: father of modern education psychology INITIAL WORK: studied problem solving animals and tried to analyze animal learning FOCUS OF THE STUDY : relation between the animals response and the consequences
- 26. Thorndike performwith to know whether they think or not.
- 27. If thestimulus is satisfying the organism is likely to repeat.
- 28. More oftenan association is used , the stronger the connection. Naturally less it is used , the weaker the connection.
- 29. Men are built,not born.... Give me the baby, and I'll make it climb and use its hands in constructing buildings of stone or wood.... I'll make it a thief, a gunman . The possibilities of shaping in any direction are almost endless... John B. Watson
- 30. Name :john Broadus Watson Born on : January ,9 ,1878 Place of birth : “travelers rest” Known as : “father of behaviorism” Occupation : professor of psychology at Hopkins university. Died on :September ,25 ,1958 Place of death : Newyork
- 31. He workedon classical conditioning in humans, He believed that environment shapes the behaviour.
- 32. John B.Watson experimented on a baby boy whose name was “Albert”.
- 35. A failureis not always a mistake, it may simply be the best one can do under the circumstances. The real mistake is to stop trying.
- 36. Name :Burrhus Frederic Skinner Born on : March ,20 ,1904 Place of birth : Susquehanna, Pennsylvania(U.S) Died on : August , 18 , 1990.
- 37. B.F skinnergave the ideas of “operant conditioning” Studied the voluntary response shown by an organism. He proposed theory of operant conditioning
- 38. He useda special box known as “skinner box”
- 39. FOR POSITIVEREINFORCEMENT Hungry rat in skinner box. Gradually the rat adapt to the environment. After exploring the rat discovered a lever. Upon pressing which food was released. After eating the food the rat start exploring again. It pressed the lever for the second time. After a while the rat immediately pressed the lever.
- 40. Rat ina skinner box. Instead of keeping it hungry he subjected the current. The rat experienced discomfort. It started to move around the box and accidently pressed the lever. Pressing the lever immediately seized the current. After few trails the rat learned to go directly to the lever.
- 41. ACQUISITION Initialstage of learning. EXTINCTION The weakening of response due to withholding of reinforcement. SHAPING. A method of training by which successive approximations toward a target behaviour is reinforced.
- 45.
- 46. IGNORANCE OFGENETICS GENERALIZATION COGNITIVE ISSUE HUMANISM
- 48. _____ believedthat environment shapes the behaviour. If the stimulus is ______ the organism is likely to repeat. _______gave the ideas of “operant conditioning. Ivan Pavlov was a famous _____ psychologist. _____ define reflexology as objective study. _______worked on reflexes of brain. C.B.T is the abbreviation of ________