The document outlines a structured six-step behavior-based safety (BBS) observation process aimed at improving workplace safety through proactive engagement and communication with employees. It emphasizes the importance of observing unsafe behaviors, providing constructive feedback, discussing safety concerns, and collaboratively developing safer work practices. The guide also includes information on documenting observations and evaluating safety performance to enhance an organization's overall safety culture.

1. Evolving Safety Culture
by
Behaviour Based Safety
Observations / Intervention
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2. Safety BBS observation is a structured and
planned pro-active two way safety conversation with
people at their work place to achieve positive
change in people’s behaviour towards safety -
No BBS observation without Conversation
Safety BBS observation / Intervention

3. Step 1: Observe then Contact
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Observe work as it is taking place. Quite often you will
be involved in the work yourself
 Observe people’s activity, their
actions and surrounding
environment
 Be careful not to startle or
interrupt a worker at an
inappropriate time
 Stop unsafe acts immediately,
unless stopping worker will create
a greater hazard.
 If the action is not dangerous to
life & health, decide if it is better
to wait for few moments

4. Step 2: Comment on Safe behaviour
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If you see an act or condition that is unsafe or you think may be
unsafe, stop the job and discuss the situation with the individual(s)
involved
 Be considerate and
understanding, treat a worker the
way you would like to be treated.
 Look for at-risk behaviour as well
as good safe act. Look for detail
& overall impression
 Keep an open mind
 Start with positive comment
which is
 Real
 Is about something important
 Recognizes positive effects
of effort.

5. Step 3: Discuss
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Engage the person in conversation. Ask the person or persons
involved in the job to explain what they are trying to accomplish
and what the procedures are
Ask
 Can you tell me about the job?
 What are the hazards and risks?
 Is JSA carried out for the job?
 Do you have a written procedure?
 Why do you think I stopped you?
Note: Question to explore. Question
employee to learn not to teach

6. Step 4: Emotional Touch
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Ask them, what are some things that could go wrong and how
are some ways they could get hurt during the job.
Ask
 What could go wrong with
the job?
 How could you or others be
hurt?
 Who else would be affected
if you were injured?
If you comment
Express your concern
focussing on effect not on act

7. Step 5: Seek information to do the job safely
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Ask what are some ways they could complete the job safer
(change in procedure, different tools, PPE).
 Allow the worker to explain how
he believes the job can be done
more safely.
 Your job is to listen, a worker that
is allowed to find his own
solution to a situation is more
likely to do the job in future
 If necessary, act as a coach to
help change unsafe behaviour.
 Provide praise when a job is
being done correctly.

8. Step 6: Agreement for future
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Make an agreement to correct the situation and complete the job
safely.

9. 1. Observe; decide how to get the person’s attention;
stop the unsafe act (safely).
2. Comment on what the employee was doing safely.
3. Discuss with the employee
• The possible consequences of the unsafe act.
• Safer ways to do the job.
4. Discuss other safety issues of the job.
5. Get the employee’s agreement to work safely in the
future.
6. Thank the employee.
Six Step Safety Observation Process

10. Positive Comments and Questions
Talking with Employees Who Are Working Safely...
Look at the photo of a person working safely
Develop one comment that you would make to the person
Then identify two or three questions you would ask him / her

11. 3. Discussing the Unsafe Act... (3rd Step)
• Look at the photo
• Practice questioning and
commenting skills.

12. At risk behaviour
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13. At risk behaviour
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14. Safe Behaviour
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15. Inspection vs. Safety Observation
Inspection Safety Observation/ Intervention
Things People
Passive Interactive (I care)
Experts Everyone
Negative Positive + Negative
Document/Follow up Document/Follow up

16. Safety Observation Process
 Safety Observations shall be conducted by trained
observers.
 Carry out observations in Team/Pairs (Accompanied by
Area In-charge where observations is being carried out )
 For Sr. Management visiting at site, observation round
should be of approximately of 15-20 minutes duration.
 During Observation “Six Steps” must be followed.
 Please remember “Observation without conversation is no
“observation”.
 Document the Safety Observation.

17. Filling Behaviour Observation Sheet
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Complete the behaviour observation format. Be sure
to mark all the required boxes and provide a summary
of the unsafe act & corrective action
 Be specific and check the appropriate category and box(s) that
apply.
 Give brief description of observation in comment section
 List any corrective actions and date they are to be completed
 Provide name of the person(s) completing the observation
 Submit duly filled form for review & processing
 Data can be tracked and trended for management to improve

18. Observation Category
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1. Reactions of People (RP)
Are people modifying their behaviour (unsafe to safe) when they see a
Leader/ Manager in the area? Employees may sometimes react to being
observed and change their body position, adjust their PPE, switch to the
correct tool etc.
2. Positions of People (PP)
Ergonomics in operating/maintenance environments,

19. Observation Category
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3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Are people utilizing the appropriate PPE, using it correctly, and is it in
good condition?

20. Observation Category
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4. Tools and Equipment (TE)
Are the proper tools being used? Are they being used correctly? Are
they in good condition? Are “homemade tools” being used?
5. Procedures (PRO)
Are adequate procedures in place? Are they understood and being
followed?
6. Orderliness or Housekeeping (HK)
Is the work area orderly?

21. Filling Behaviour observation sheet
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22. How to fill the form
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ANNEXURE-II: BEHAVIOR SAFETY OBSERVATION REPORT FORMAT
BEHAVIOR SAFETY OBSERVATION REPORT
Name of Observer Chittaranjan Sarangi Emp. No 756 Designation/JB DGM / 8 Submission Date 17-03-2018 Observation No 15
Location: Engineering Store Nature of Work Transportation of Material by FLT
Accompanying Person /
Concerned Area
In-charge
Mr. Sanath Rout
Observation Date: 17-03-2018 Time: From: 9:00 AM To: 9:30 AM Duration 30 min
When was observation carried out Office Hours Non Office Hours No of Persons Observed 1
Own Employee Count 0 Contractor Employee Count 0 Contractor Name Creative Construction
Description of (desired /
undesired) Safety
Observation
Action Taken
No of at-risk
observations.
Refer backside
(Nos.)
No of Safe act
Observations
(Nos.)
No of Unsafe
Condition
Observations
(Nos.)
Injury
Potential
(Fatal/Major
/Minor)
Further actions
recommended by team
of observers
HOD
Responsible
for taking
action
Target
Date for
Closure
Status
(Close
/Open)
Fork Lift Truck (FLT)
operator is shifting
engineering spares
packed in big size carton
employing FLT. Carton
Obstruct the view of path
of operator. During
discussion operator told
that he has not
undergone any training
on Safety in FLT
operation since last 3
years
FLT was stopped at
safe place and
explained operator
right procedure to
transport such load
which obstruct the
front view (travel in
reverse gear keeping
eye on path). Obtained
commitment from the
FLT operator for future
safe behaviour
RP = 0
PP = 1
OS = 0
TE = 0
PPE = 0
PRO = 1
RP = 0
PP = 1
OS = 5
TE = 1
PPE = 3
PRO = 1
0 Major
Refresher training on
Safety in FLT operation
shall be imparted to all
FLT operators at least
once a 3 year. Post
training, competency test
shall be carried out and
each individual shall be
allowed to do FLT
operation only after
he/she is found
competent
Head
Engineering
Stores
17.4.18 Open
Total = 2 Total = 11
Any other Issues
Abbreviation
Observation Type :- UC = Unsafe Condition ; UA = Unsafe act; SA = Safe Act
Observation Category : RP = Reaction of People, PP = Position of People, PPE = Personnel protective Equipment, TE = Tools / Equipment, PRO = Procedure, HK
= Housekeeping or Orderliness

23. Thank You
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