The document summarizes the history of the BBC from its founding in 1922 to provide radio broadcasts to the present day. It launched its first TV service in 1936 and expanded to additional channels like BBC Two in 1964. Iconic shows like Dr. Who and programs promoting education and science like those of David Attenborough have been part of BBC's mission. The BBC is publicly funded through television licensing fees and remains editorially independent while being overseen by the BBC Trust. It continues to innovate with new digital offerings like BBC iPlayer.

2. Cultura Inglesa Contemporânea
Adelia Joana O´Brien Nº45456
Cristian Silva Nº 37922

3. Index
● BBC History
● Government and The BBC
● The role of BBC in promoting scientific knowledge
● BBC Station and Radio Objectives
● BBC Movies, Series and Radio
● Conclusion
● Bibliography

4. BBC History
● Original launch date: 2nd Nov 1936
● The BBC first began a television service in 1936. BBC Television was closed during
World War II but reopened in 1946. The second station was launched in 1964. Under
David Attenborough’s controller tenure, in 1965, BBC Two established a portfolio of
programmes defining the channel's identity for decades. Commissioned programmes
like Monty Python’s Flying Circus and introduced televised snooker and rugby.

5. ● In the 60’s, programmes like “Dr. Who” or the “Forsyte Saga” became iconic.
● These were not isolated cases; the TV program “Blue Peter”, directed for children,
started in 1958 and still goes on to this day.
● Early in 1970 BBC joins Open University to revolutionize access to university
education; became an international model for distance learning.
● In January 1979, the Life on Earth series began, a major hit series with 8 follow ups.

6. ● January 1983 marks the take off of television stations’ viewing wars, when BBC
launches -quite without warning- the program “Breakfast Time” ahead of its rival
station ITV (Independent Television).
● In 1985, BBC started broadcasting one of Britain’s most successful soap operas:
“EastEnders”. The same year Live Aid Concert, organised by Bob Geldof and BBC2,
broadcasted live to over 400 thousand viewers and more than 60 countries, with the
objective of raising money to relief famine in Ethiopia.

7. ● November 1997 marks the expansion of BBC to a full pledged news service: BBC
News 24 Channel, it has been awarded many prizes for its investigation news’ pieces
and stories.
● The same year, saw the birth of internet broadcasting, through bbc.co.uk
● One year later, BBC Choice, a new channel was aired, targeted at younger viewers, to
give extended coverage of music and sporting events. It later (2003) became BBC
Three.

8. ● Streaming technology has permitted BBC to start a new service in 2007 that
complemented conventional television viewing: BBCiPlayer.
● The digital era and its innovations were used to their greatest potentials since 2008:
BBC Red Button ; Super Hi-Vision (a.k.a. Ultra High Definition or UHDTV) was
first used in broadcasting events, namely the London 2012 Olympics; 3D
transmission of the Wimbledon Tennis Championship and the Connected Red Button
(available since 2012, brings TV, radio and online contents to the television set with
extra contents).

9. Government and the BBC
● BBC was established under Royal Charter on January 1,
1927. Each charter has lasted for a period of 10 years.
● The present charter runs out in December 2016: It sets
out the public purposes of the BBC, guarantees its
independence, and outlines the duties of the Trust and
the Executive Board.
● Along with the Charter there is a Framework Agreement
with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport,
establishing its independence from the Government.
● Other important documents are the Protocols, which set
out how the BBC Trust will carry out its functions.

10. ● The annual cost of a colour TV licence is £145.50 – the
equivalent of £12.13 per month or just under 40p per
day. A black and white TV licence is £49.
● The BBC used its income from the licence fee to pay
for its TV, radio and online services, plus other costs.
● About the licence fee: everyone in the UK who
watches or records TV programmes as they are shown
on TV needs to be covered by a TV licence. This
includes TVs, computers, mobile phones, games
consoles, digital boxes and DVD/VHS recorders;
Government sets the level of the licence fee, the
amount being approved each year by Parliament. The
Government decided to freeze the licence fee at its
2010 level of £145.50 until 31st March 2017.

11. The role of BBC in promoting
scientific knowledge
One of BBC’s public purposes is to promote education and learning, encouraging formal
and informal learning and providing specialist educational content to facilitate learning at
all levels and for all ages.
Sir David Attenborough has contributed enormously to this purpose; his recognition
across the world has come in the form of BAFTAs. He is the only person to have won
BAFTAs for programmes in black and white, colour, HD, and 3D television. He has been
called "the great communicator”, “the peerless educator" and "the greatest broadcaster of
our time”.

12. His programmes are often cited as an example of what public service broadcasting should
be and have influenced a generation of wildlife filmmakers. Ever since Life on Earth, in
1979, up to Natural Curiosities series 3, in 2015, Sir David Attenborough has been
lending scientific authority to BBC Natural History television. The same service provider
along with BBC Wildlife Magazine have become the dominant conduits of popular natural
science in the UK.

13. BBC Stations and Radio Objectives
Their main objective remains the same since 1922:
to inform, educate and entertain.
● Make distinctive, world-class content
● Transform their offer for younger audiences
● Develop a more personal BBC
● Demonstrate value for money in every area of their work
● In addition to the now-digital BBC One and Two, the British
Broadcasting Corporation also offers BBC Three, BBC Four, BBC
News, BBC Parliament, CBBC, CBeebies,
BBC Alba and BBC Red Button

14. Top rated Television
station in the UK
● BBC One - 20,5 %
● ITV - 17,3%
● BBC Two - 7%
● Channel 4 - 6,8%
● Five - 4,7 %

15. BBC One is the shop window for the BBC and must appeal to a broad
mainstream audience. They need to find high impact programmes that
appeal across the board especially with audiences that are
fragmenting, BBC One is the place where people can come together to
share great TV moments – uniting viewers across all ages

16. BBC Two originally showed children's programming in the
morning with two different blocks: CBBC & CBeebies
A high-definition version of the channel launched on 26 March
2013, replacing BBC HD. This channel tackles the more complex issues. Like
NHS (National Health Service)

17. BBC Three is a television channel from the BBC which broadcasts
via digital cable,. The channel's target audience includes those in the
16–34-year-old age group, and has the purpose of providing
"innovative" content to younger audiences, focusing on new talent and new
technologies. The channel is on-air from 7 pm to around 4 am each night, to share
terrestrial television bandwidth with CBBC.

18. ● BBC Four launched on 2 March 2002, with a schedule running
from 19:00 to 04:00.
● Has wide variety of programmes including drama,
documentaries, music, international film, it is an alternative to to
the mainstream TV channels.
● Its licence obligates to broadcast at least 100 hours of new arts
and music programmes, 110 hours of new factual programmes
and to premiere 20 international films each year.
● This channel replaced BBC Knowledge.
● Biggest investment regarding culture.

20. Object audience are from toddlers to eight
years old. Where CBBC are inclined for the
older kids ages between 8 and 15 years of age

21. The first television channel to be aimed
specifically at a Welsh-speaking audience
Radio 1 provides
alternative genres after 7:
00 pm, including
electronic dance, hip hop,
rock, indie or interviews.
It is aimed primarily at
the 15–29 age group,
although the average age
of the UK audience in
2008 was 33
Much of its daytime
playlist-based
programming is best
described as adult
contemporary or
Album oriented rock
Its output centres
on classical music
and opera, but
jazz, world music,
drama, culture
and the arts also
feature
BBC Radio 4 is a radio station owned and
operated by the BBC that broadcasts a wide
variety of spoken-word programmes
including news, drama, comedy, science and
history. It replaced the BBC Home Service in
1967.

22. “Listen to me very
carefully. I shall say
this only once! ”
1982 - 1992

23. Shaun the Sheep is a British stop-motion
animated television series, a spin-off of the
Wallace and Gromit franchise. The series
stars Shaun, a sheep previously featured
in the 1995 short film A Close Shave and in the Shopper 13 episode
from the 2002 Wallace and Gromit's Cracking Contraptions series,
and his madcap adventures around a small farm as the leader of his
flock. Having first aired in the UK on CBBC in March 2007 and
broadcast in 180 countries globally, the series consists of 130 seven-
minute episodes and is in its fourth series
The series inspired its own spin-off, Timmy Time, which follows the
adventures of Shaun's small cousin and is aimed at younger viewers

24. Fawlty Towers is a BBC television sitcom that
was first broadcast on BBC2 in 1975 and 1979.
The British Film Institute in 2000, voted by
industry professionals, Fawlty Towers was
named the best British television series of all
time
Monty Python

25. In this adaptation of Jane Austen's novel. Guy meets girl
and sparks fly.

26. ITV Production
“A chronicle of the lives of the Crawley family and their servants,
beginning in the years leading up to World War I.”
David Rush

27. Conclusion
What makes the BBC a cultural icon for the UK is the seal
of approval of being British
They focus on originality, ambition and excellence - in
popular genres like soap operas, arts, comedy bringing out
Britishness*
BBC aims to enrich the UK's cultural and creativity. By
bringing talent and audiences together to break new ground
in the drama, comedy, the arts and entertainment.
*”Britishness is the state or quality of being British, or of
embodying British characteristics, and is used to refer to
that which binds and distinguishes the British people and
forms the basis of their unity and identity, or else to explain
expressions of British culture—such as habits, behaviours,
or symbols”

28. Bibliography:
● Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. England. Published October 10th 2000 by Modern Library.
● BBC Trust 8 July 2015, at 12:04. Sun. 25th of October 2015. <<https://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/BBC_Trust>>
● BBC 26 October 2015, at 02:05. Sun. 25th of October 2015 <<https://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/BBC#From_private_company_to_public_service_corporation_and_business.2C_1923.E2.
80.9326>>
● IMDb 9 January 2011 Sun. 25th of October 2015 <<http://m.imdb.com/title/tt1606375/plotsummary>>
● Inside the BBC 2015 BBC. Sun. 25th of October 2015 <<http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/>>
● Inside the BBC 2015 BBC. Sun. 25th of October 2015 <<http://www.bbc.co.
uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/whoweare/licencefee>>
● Jeffries, Michael. “BBC Natural History versus Science Paradigms”.Science as Culture, 12:4. 527-545.
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