The document provides an overview of media in Britain, including:
- Television is the most popular pastime, with over 3.5 hours watched daily on average. 97% of households have color TV.
- The BBC is the largest broadcaster, operating multiple TV and radio channels. It is publicly funded through a television license.
- Other major channels include ITV, Channel 4, and Channel 5 which are primarily funded through advertising.
- Radio is also very popular, with both national stations like BBC Radio and many local independent radio services.
- Newspapers range from national "quality" papers to tabloid papers, with The Sun having the highest daily circulation.
My presentation is about the history of British music, a brief(yet thorough) analysis starting with "The British Invasion" and ending with latter day "Brit-pot" of the 90's.
My presentation is about the history of British music, a brief(yet thorough) analysis starting with "The British Invasion" and ending with latter day "Brit-pot" of the 90's.
Since Islam originated and has developed in an Arab culture, other cultures which have adopted Islam have tended to be influenced by Arab customs. Thus Arab Muslim societies and other Muslims have cultural affinities, though every society has preserved its distinguishing characteristics. Islamic culture inherited an Arab culture born in the desert, simple but by no means simplistic. It has an oral tradition based on the transmission of culture through poetry and narrative. However, it has been the written record that has had the greatest impact on civilization. Islam civilization is based on the value of education, which both the Qur'an and the Prophet stressed.
One of the distinctive features of the Islamic tradition is its rapid expansion into a large and diverse civilization, soon becoming divided into several centers of political authority. Although the Prophet’s activities were mostly limited to the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant, after his death the first four “Rightly Guided” caliphs sent armies to conquer Syria, Egypt, Iraq and parts of Persia, which were then within the declining Byzantine and Persian empires.
Carthage was a Phoenician state that included, during the 7th–3rd centuries BC, its wider sphere of influence known as the Carthaginian Empire. The empire extended over much of the coast of Northwest Africa as well as encompassing substantial parts of coastal Iberia and the islands of the western Mediterranean Sea.
The Kingdom of Carthage was the major power in the western Mediterranean from its establishment by the semi-legendary Queen Dido in 814 B.C. until its fall following its struggles against the rising Roman Republic. Carthage was one of the great trading powers of the Mediterranean and had relatively few rivals until its fall from grace, namely the Etruscans and the Greek city-states of Sicily and Cyrenaica. Much of Carthage's foreign policy depended on maintaining its mercantile dominance and expanding its control over island territories with which it could base its powerful navies and trade fleet.
The Phoenicians were the great mariners of the ancient world, and their thalassocracy (maritime realm) was organized into city-states. It is important to understand there was never a country or empire called “Phoenicia.” A possible origin of the historical name for this Semitic/Canaanite culture might have come from the ancient Greek Φοινίκη (Phoiníkē) meaning “Purple Land.” That is because the Phoenicians were famous in their own time for their dark purple dye—a rare and prized commodity. Inhabitants of the Phoenician city-states along the Eastern Mediterranean coast (like Sidon and Tyre) might have called themselves Kenaani (Canaanites).
With the coming of the new millenuim, the entire world has entered the globalized age, which is characterized by the US global power leading the world after the fall of the ex- USSR. The emergence of globaization rose several questions about the role of the US: Is it acting in favor preserving the world cultures, or trying to model the world according to the US Western and liberal values? This; in fact, has paved the way to rise of such theories, expliaing that the US has enetered a new phase of conflict which is basically cutural in order to survive and promote its cultural values.
The Bush era has seen remarkable change in the US foreign policy. After 9/ 11 attacks, President Bush (the son) initiated the Bush Doctrine and started his war on terror which had such implications as the invasion of Afghanistan in 2011, and the invasion of Iraq in 2003.
Computer-mediated communication (CMC) refers to human communication via computers and includes many different forms of synchronous, asynchronous or real-time interaction that humans have with each other using computers as tools to exchange text, images, audio and video.
The Bill Clinton Era the 1990s and the new millenniumBoutkhil Guemide
The Presidency of Bill Clinton has been an important era in the history of the US. Clinton is best known of his economic policies; namely, Clintonomics which produced a huge surplus of the budget. In foreign policy, Clinton is best known of the Engagement and Enlargement which relied on building of a new world order based on both Democracy and Freemarket economy.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher-centered to student-centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks. Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher- centered to student- centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks.
Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
The US presence in the Middle East can be explained to the fact that it always defends its interets in the region. For, that reason, the US uses divergent means and methods to achieve its ends.
The lecture analyzes the phenomenon of Globalization, the technological revolution, the over exploitation of ICTs, and the rise of Information Society.
Reagan's 1980 election resulted from a dramatic conservative shift to the right in American politics, including a loss of confidence in liberal, New Deal, and Great Society programs and priorities that had dominated the national agenda since the 1930s.
Domestically, the Reagan administration enacted a major tax cut, sought to cut non-military spending, and eliminated federal regulations. The administration's economic policies, known as "Reaganomics", were inspired by supply-side economics. The combination of tax cuts and an increase in defense spending led to budget deficits, and the federal debt increased significantly during Reagan's tenure. Reagan signed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (which simplified the tax code by reducing rates and removing several tax breaks) and the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. Reagan also appointed more federal judges than any other president, including four Supreme Court Justices.
Reagan's foreign policy stance was resolutely anti-communist; its plan of action, known as the Reagan Doctrine, sought to roll back the global influence of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Cold War. Under this doctrine, the Reagan administration initiated a massive buildup of the United States military; promoted new technologies such as missile defense systems; and, in 1983, undertook an invasion of Grenada, the first major overseas action by U.S. troops since the end of the Vietnam War. The administration also created controversy by granting aid to paramilitary forces seeking to overthrow leftist governments, particularly in war-torn Central America and Afghanistan. Specifically, the Reagan administration engaged in covert arms sales to Iran to fund Contra rebels in Nicaragua that were fighting to overthrow their nation's socialist government; the resulting scandal led to the conviction or resignation of several administration officials. During Reagan's second term, he sought closer relations with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, and the two leaders signed a major arms control agreement known as the INF Treaty.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
3. Introduction
• Television viewing is Britain’s most popular pastime.
• The average Briton spends more than three and a half
hours per day watching television, including
videotapes.
• More than 97 percent of Britain’s households have a
color television and 73 percent have a videocassette
recorder (VCR).
• Practically every home has a radio, and about 70
percent of the population listens to radio on a daily
basis.
4. British National broadcasters
• Public broadcasting
• BBC: The largest UK broadcaster.
• BBC: Running two national television channels, with regional
sub-divisions, five national radio stations, cable and digital TV
channels, and more than 40 local radio stations.
• The Corporation has global enterprises (both television and
radio), as well as a broadcast monitoring service, and
Europe's most visited content web site.
5. The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)
• Six national stations.
• Broadcasts: BBC 1, 2, 4,
BBC News 24, BBC
Choice, BBC Parliament.
• Radio Channels.
• No advertising.
• Worldwide television
services (BBC World,
BBC Prime)
6. • Private broadcasting
• Independent Television ITV (the Channel 3 companies) – 15
regionally based franchisees provide both local and national
(network) services.
• GMTV operates a breakfast network service. The entire Channel 3
service is largely dominated by two companies, Carlton and
Granada.
• Channel 4 is a hybrid public service, minority interest service
which also raises revenue through advertising sales.
• There is a separate fourth channel in Wales, Sianel Pedwar
Cymru [S4C], which is funded partly by advertising and partly by
the State, and carries peak-time Welsh language programming.
• A fifth terrestrial channel began broadcasting in April 1997.
• Channel 5 is a commercial operation carrying advertising
7. The division of programmes
• Light entertainment (variety shows, soap operas, situation
comedies, game shows)
• News/current affairs
• Documentaries
• Children’s TV
• Music
• Sport
• Films/TV movies
• Drama/plays
8. British favourite TV shows
• “Are you being served?”
• “Bless me father”
• “Fawlty Towers”
• “Mulberry”
• “Yes, Prime Minister”
• “Blackadder”
• “Chef”
• “Holmes”
9. BBC Executive Committee
• The BBC’s day-to-day
operations are run by 16
divisions. Their directors
report to the director-general,
forming the Executive
Committee.
• The director-general is chief
executive and editor-in-chief.
BBC governors appoint the
director-general and, with
him/her, senior management
• Each division's performance
is regularly assessed by the
BBC’s governors.
• Every July, BBC governors
publish an Annual Report to
licence payers and
Parliament which assesses
the BBC's performance
against objectives over the
past year
10. Basic Principles for Broadcasting
• All the channels excepting Channel 4 are
obliged by law to be impartial and neutral in
dealing with social and political affairs.
• Channels 4 is allowed to show its neutrality
across a series of programmes.
• Public broadcasting should serve the purpose
of entertaining, informing and educating the
nation.
11. Basic Principles for Broadcasting
• There should not be political bias and the
presentation of sex and violence on the screen.
• At least 86% of all programmes in the peak
viewing period on ITV and Channel 4 must
come from British or European sources.
• Decent standard should be maintained
12. Radio
• The BBC: five radio networks that broadcast throughout
Britain,
• Three independent national radio services (classical
music, rock music, and talk radio),
• 200 independent local radio services.
• These independent radio services are awarded licenses
by the Radio Authority,
• BBC World Service Radio broadcasts around the world
in English and 45 other languages, carrying extensive
programs and high-quality news broadcasts.
13. The most popular British radio stations
• Clare FM
• Anna Livia
• Live 95
• Welsh Radio International
• Imperial College radio
• Capital FM
• BBC Radio 2
14. The Press in Great Britain
Nearly every area in Britain has one or more local newspapers— in England alone there are
around 90 daily papers and over 850 which are published once or twice a week.
In Britain newspapers differ greatly from each other in the type of news they report and the
way they report it.
On the one hand, there are "quality" newspapers: The Times, The Financial Times, The
Guardian, The Daily Telegraph.
These papers report major national and international news stories, with the world of politics
and business and with the arts and sport.
Newspapers in Britain are privately owned and the editors of the papers are usually allowed
considerable freedom of expression.
15. The division of newspapers
Regional National
Daily Morning Evening Sunday
"The Sunday Times"
Tabloids
"Daily Mirror"
British newspapers
16. • The most popular quality paper is The Sun with a
circulation of around 1,100,000 per day, compared
with The Daily Telegraph's circulation of over
4,170,000.
• It is estimated that two out of every three adults
regularly read a national daily newspaper.
17. The most important newspapers
• Belfast Telegraph
• The British Media Review
• The Electronic Telegraph
• The Guardian/The Observer
• The Independent
• The Mirror
• North Wales Newspapers
Online
• The Scotsman
• The Times
18. Tabloids
• On the other hand, there are "populars" or "tabloids", so called because of
their small size.
• Popular papers (The Daily Mail, The Daily Express, The Daily Mirror, The Sun,
The Daily Star) pay much attention to sensational news, extraordinary events,
catastrophes, accidents, private lives of royalty and nobility, of people of art, of
music and movie stars.
• Popular papers use many photographs and cartoons. It is often said that the
popular press aims to entertain its readers rather than inform them.
• The tabloid press is far more popular than the quality press.
• The average daily circulation for The Daily Mirror is almost 3,200,000 while for
The Times it is 450,000.
19. Some of British tabloids
• Anorak
an irreverent tabloid
• The Daily Mail
light-weight daily
• The Mirror
• The Daily Star
Not exactly high
brow!
• The Telegraph hard
to hold, easy to read
20. • In addition to 12 national daily newspapers there are 9
national papers which are published on Sundays.
• Most of the Sundays papers contain more reading
material than the daily papers, and several of them
include color supplements— separate color magazines
which have special supplements with articles on music,
TV, sports and a lot of advertisements of consumer
goods.
• Reading a Sunday paper, like having a big Sunday lunch,
is an important tradition in many British families.
21. Periodicals in Britain
• 7,000 different periodicals
• Classified as “ consumer general interest”, “special interest”, “ business to
business”
• The Radio Times
• Woman`s Own
• Smash Hits
• Q
• Big
22. The Regulation of the Press in England
• The Leveson Report on the Culture, Practices and Ethics of the Press proposed
a system under which the independence and effectiveness of a self-regulator set
up by the press could be assured through a process of independent “audit” or
“recognition”.
• The system of self-regulation established by the Charter implements two key
innovations which were proposed by Sir Brian Leveson.
• The system is designed to ensure that a self-regulator is independent and
effective, and where it contains “double lock” safeguards against government or
political interference.