Thomas Bauer, University of Vienna, Austria
After media industry: Media culture - the future dispositive of society’s development
http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
The document discusses media competence as a public value and category of social practice. It examines media competence from multiple perspectives, including constructivism, cultural theory, cultural studies, knowledge theory, and system theory. Media competence involves abilities, capacities, responsibilities, and morality in navigating today's complex media environment. It is important for building trust and managing identity, cohesion, and diversity in society.
This document provides a history of communication technologies and theories of mass communication. It traces the evolution of communication from early symbolic representations through developments in writing technologies like cuneiform, hieroglyphics and the alphabet. Major innovations in printing like movable type and modern communication technologies like telegraph, telephone, radio, television and the internet are discussed. The document also summarizes several normative theories of the press/mass media including authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility and Soviet/communist theories.
Internet Chance and ChallengePerspectives of Participation in SocietyDarko Buldioski
The document discusses the impact of the internet on social change and participation. It argues that the internet serves as a new model of social relations, allowing for the exchange of roles and new structures of public discourse. Both the opportunities and challenges of internet participation are discussed, including the need for media literacy, intercultural competence, and developing new models of civic engagement through alternative and community media.
This document discusses cultural theories of media and approaches to understanding media. It outlines four main theoretical approaches: normative critical, critical-emancipative, analytical, and pragmatic. It then discusses a cultural approach and cultural studies perspective. A key point is that media should be understood as reflecting people's efforts to style their lives according to cultural narratives and traditions. The document also discusses concepts of media competence and developing competence in a media-saturated society.
This document discusses socializing and self-representation on Facebook. It begins by defining key concepts like mediation and representation. It then explores how Facebook facilitates both socializing and self-representation. Regarding socializing, Facebook blurs distinctions between online and offline interactions and private vs public sharing. It also combines features of mass media and personal communication. For self-representation, users strategically choose what aspects of themselves to portray through profile information and posts. The document analyzes how technological and institutional factors of Facebook shape both socializing and self-representation.
The document summarizes and compares two theories - Media Dependency Theory from 1976 and Social Cognitive Theory from 2002 - and evaluates their relevance to social media today. Media Dependency Theory proposes that individuals rely on media to fulfill three needs: understanding their social world, acting meaningfully in that world, and fantasy or escape from problems. It identifies three forms of dependency on media. Social Cognitive Theory explains how environmental, behavioral, and cognitive factors interact to influence individuals' behavior. The document analyzes how concepts from both theories apply to modern social media behaviors and features.
The document analyzes the 2010 student occupation at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London. It argues that student occupations form around resistant discourses and diffuse values through new media across borders in a translocal manner. The SOAS occupation utilized mobile phones, email, social media and other tools to organize activities and communicate both within the occupation and with other student groups. The use of new communication technologies helped create an open, fluid political space that challenged traditional power structures.
The document discusses media competence as a public value and category of social practice. It examines media competence from multiple perspectives, including constructivism, cultural theory, cultural studies, knowledge theory, and system theory. Media competence involves abilities, capacities, responsibilities, and morality in navigating today's complex media environment. It is important for building trust and managing identity, cohesion, and diversity in society.
This document provides a history of communication technologies and theories of mass communication. It traces the evolution of communication from early symbolic representations through developments in writing technologies like cuneiform, hieroglyphics and the alphabet. Major innovations in printing like movable type and modern communication technologies like telegraph, telephone, radio, television and the internet are discussed. The document also summarizes several normative theories of the press/mass media including authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility and Soviet/communist theories.
Internet Chance and ChallengePerspectives of Participation in SocietyDarko Buldioski
The document discusses the impact of the internet on social change and participation. It argues that the internet serves as a new model of social relations, allowing for the exchange of roles and new structures of public discourse. Both the opportunities and challenges of internet participation are discussed, including the need for media literacy, intercultural competence, and developing new models of civic engagement through alternative and community media.
This document discusses cultural theories of media and approaches to understanding media. It outlines four main theoretical approaches: normative critical, critical-emancipative, analytical, and pragmatic. It then discusses a cultural approach and cultural studies perspective. A key point is that media should be understood as reflecting people's efforts to style their lives according to cultural narratives and traditions. The document also discusses concepts of media competence and developing competence in a media-saturated society.
This document discusses socializing and self-representation on Facebook. It begins by defining key concepts like mediation and representation. It then explores how Facebook facilitates both socializing and self-representation. Regarding socializing, Facebook blurs distinctions between online and offline interactions and private vs public sharing. It also combines features of mass media and personal communication. For self-representation, users strategically choose what aspects of themselves to portray through profile information and posts. The document analyzes how technological and institutional factors of Facebook shape both socializing and self-representation.
The document summarizes and compares two theories - Media Dependency Theory from 1976 and Social Cognitive Theory from 2002 - and evaluates their relevance to social media today. Media Dependency Theory proposes that individuals rely on media to fulfill three needs: understanding their social world, acting meaningfully in that world, and fantasy or escape from problems. It identifies three forms of dependency on media. Social Cognitive Theory explains how environmental, behavioral, and cognitive factors interact to influence individuals' behavior. The document analyzes how concepts from both theories apply to modern social media behaviors and features.
The document analyzes the 2010 student occupation at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London. It argues that student occupations form around resistant discourses and diffuse values through new media across borders in a translocal manner. The SOAS occupation utilized mobile phones, email, social media and other tools to organize activities and communicate both within the occupation and with other student groups. The use of new communication technologies helped create an open, fluid political space that challenged traditional power structures.
Spatial Journalism in the 21st Century - ICA 2014 Presentation - Schmitz WeissAmy Weiss
Spatial journalism is an emergent form of journalism that incorporates place, space, and location into the process and practice of journalism. It connects information to social meaning through physical, augmented and virtual locations. Spatial journalism requires information be communicated across channels to a public and be considered a form of journalism, while relating to a place or location. It offers a lens to examine how journalism, practices and consumption are changing, and can identify underrepresented communities. As location data and mobile technologies grow more prevalent, their power and specific interpretations require scholarly study.
(1) Television, radio, and newspapers dominated mass communication in the 20th century, but the rise of the internet has introduced networked communication as a new model.
(2) Networked communication is shaped by three forces: communicational globalization processes, new forms of mediation like self-mass communication and multimedia interpersonal communication, and different levels of interactivity.
(3) This new communicational paradigm is characterized by rhetoric based on moving images, new dynamics of accessibility and mobility, the social value of user-generated content, and the coexistence of different types of content and narratives.
Communication
Communication studies
A summary of some mass communication theories
Communication theory as a field
History of communication
Media influence
Media studies
This document outlines the major eras in the development of mass communication theory from the early 20th century to present. It describes: 1) The Era of Mass Society Theory from 1945-1975, which viewed media as corrupting influences. 2) The Era of Limited Effects Theory from 1945-1975, which included theories of selective exposure, reinforcement, uses and gratifications, and agenda setting. 3) The Era of Cultural Theory from 1975-present, which includes theories of symbolic interactionism, social construction of reality, and cultivation analysis viewing media's role in constructing social reality.
This document discusses several theories of audience analysis:
- The Frankfurt School proposed the "effects model" which viewed audiences as isolated individuals susceptible to media messages without question.
- The two-step flow theory developed the idea that opinion leaders receive information from media sources and then pass it along to others in their social groups.
- Uses and gratifications theory sees audiences as active consumers who choose media for different reasons like diversion, social interaction, identity, or information gathering.
- David Morley's work identified three types of audience readings - dominant, negotiated, and oppositional - based on the degree to which audience members accept or reject the preferred meaning of a media text.
The hypodermic needle theory viewed audiences of mass media as passive receivers who were directly influenced by media messages in a powerful way. It suggested media could uniformly inject ideas into large groups and trigger a desired response, with audiences having no ability to resist influence. This strong effects view was influenced by the rise of radio/TV, advertising/propaganda industries, Payne Fund studies on film impacting children, and Hitler's media control. However, later reception and uses and gratifications theories saw audiences as active interpreters who engaged with media selectively based on needs and social contexts.
My second homework for communication classKrishna Subedi
The document provides an introduction to mass communication and communication theories. It discusses definitions of mass communication, the role of media, and criteria for evaluating communication theories. Several theories related to mass communication are outlined, including agenda setting theory, cultivation theory, and diffusion of innovation theory. The document also discusses effects of mass media and how social networking services relate to mass communication through their ability to connect people globally and encourage cooperation.
The document provides an overview of communication concepts and models, including:
1) Shannon and Weaver's linear model of communication and its limitations in capturing meaning and context.
2) Westley and Maclean's model highlighting the role of communicators as advocates, channels, or behaving in a non-purposive role.
3) Uses and gratifications theory which views communication as interactive and audiences using media to fulfill different needs.
4) Agenda-setting theory which describes how media influences what issues the public thinks about.
The document discusses several theories of mass communication:
- Introduction to Mass Communication discusses how media both shapes and reflects culture, and how students learn to be active media consumers through a cultural perspective.
- Mass Communication Theory covers communication models and the diverse forms of mass media today, proving theories' importance for understanding society and culture.
- Cultivation Theory examines television's long-term effects, finding it can lead viewers to misperceive social reality.
- Agenda-setting theory suggests media influences what issues the public considers important through what is covered.
This document provides an overview of major communication theories developed since the early 20th century. It discusses early theories like rhetorical theory and symbolic interaction theory. It then covers research in the 1930s-40s that studied the effects of media like film, radio and newspapers. This led to theories around two-step flow of communication, uses and gratifications, and limited effects of media. The document also summarizes cognitive dissonance theory, agenda setting theory, spiral of silence theory, cultivation theory, dependency theory and other influential communication theories.
Communication Theories(With Corrections)guest7152cd
This document discusses the history and development of communication theories. It describes how communication theories first emerged in the 1930s as countries consolidated power and leaders focused on communication and its role in society. Marxist theories viewed messages from powerful groups as a way to increase control and saw mass media used for similar purposes. The document also discusses the psychology school's view that mass media provides a perspective or agenda but does not fully control people's thoughts and feelings. Current theories recognize society and culture play a role beyond just media influences in shaping ideas.
The Media Dependency Theory proposes that the more dependent an individual is on media to have their needs met, the more important media will be to that person. The theory was developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur and is widely applicable today given society's overwhelming use of media. There is debate around what exactly causes media dependency, with some pointing to factors like age, occupation, or geographic location.
The document discusses several mass communication theories:
- Social learning theory proposes that people learn from observing and imitating others. It combines behavioral and cognitive learning.
- Catharsis theory suggests that exposure to violent media can provide an emotional release or purging.
- Agenda-setting theory is the idea that media influence what issues the public sees as important by what they choose to cover more.
- Uses and gratification theory examines how people actively use media to fulfill various needs and motives.
- Cultivation theory proposes that extensive TV watching over time shapes peoples' views of social reality.
- Spiral of silence theory from 1974 discusses how willingness to share opinions publicly depends on perceiving them as aligned with prevailing
This document summarizes 15 theories of communication and mass media:
1) Structural/functional, cognitive/behavioral, interactionist, interpretive, and critical theories examine how social structures, individual psychology, social interaction, meaning-making, and power dynamics influence communication.
2) Classical theories include the authoritarian, libertarian, and social responsibility theories, which are based on political philosophies and view the role of media differently.
3) Early 20th century theories like the magic bullet theory and two-step flow theory posited direct and indirect effects of media on audiences. Later theories examined uses and gratifications, agenda-setting, dependency, cultivation effects, and diffusion of innovations.
4) Contemporary theories
Final Homework for Introduction to Communication ClassKrishna Subedi
The document discusses the use of social media and new technologies in educational settings. It argues that while these tools are being incorporated more frequently, like PowerPoint, they are still being used in traditional ways focused on text. Educators should see new technologies as new literacies and genres, employing them in novel ways to encourage multimedia, visuals, and conversational discourse. The document also discusses using social media like Facebook in the classroom to make learning more collaborative and build collective intelligence among students. It outlines benefits of this approach, like promoting education and sharing information.
This document discusses several theories of audience and media effects:
- The Frankfurt School proposed the "Hypodermic Needle" theory that audiences passively accept media messages without question.
- The Two Step Flow theory developed by Lazarsfeld and Katz found that opinions leaders first receive information from media and then pass it along to others in their social networks.
- Users Gratifications theory states that audiences actively choose media to fulfill certain needs and purposes, such as diversion, social interaction, identity, or surveillance. Different users may consume the same media for different reasons.
The Hypodermic Needle Model sees audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It suggests that the media can directly inject ideas into people and influence their thinking without them questioning or challenging the messages. The theory views audiences as sitting targets that will believe everything they are told by media sources. However, the theory has been criticized for failing to account for people's ability to think critically and be influenced more by personal interactions than media alone. Studies showed people did not always vote or act as the media intended, disproving the idea that the media can hypodermically determine audiences' beliefs and behaviors.
The document discusses various topics related to journalism and mass communication including different types of media, the communication process, and the roles and functions of mass media. It defines journalism, describes different categories of media such as presentational, representational, and mechanical/electronic media, and examines concepts like mass communication, channels of communication, and the communication process involving a source, message, channel, receiver and feedback. It also outlines the social roles and functions of mass media in areas like surveillance, coordination and transmission of social norms.
The document discusses RAZ:UM, which stands for Research and Arts Zone University of Maribor. It is described as a space for cultivating ideas and a garden for culture and innovation. The goal is to generate ideas and be a place for ideas through hosting a cafe, houses of architecture, science, and startups. It aims to bring art and science together in a space that is superlinear and acts as a center or genius loci where one can try, fail, and fail better at generating new concepts and pathways.
Spatial Journalism in the 21st Century - ICA 2014 Presentation - Schmitz WeissAmy Weiss
Spatial journalism is an emergent form of journalism that incorporates place, space, and location into the process and practice of journalism. It connects information to social meaning through physical, augmented and virtual locations. Spatial journalism requires information be communicated across channels to a public and be considered a form of journalism, while relating to a place or location. It offers a lens to examine how journalism, practices and consumption are changing, and can identify underrepresented communities. As location data and mobile technologies grow more prevalent, their power and specific interpretations require scholarly study.
(1) Television, radio, and newspapers dominated mass communication in the 20th century, but the rise of the internet has introduced networked communication as a new model.
(2) Networked communication is shaped by three forces: communicational globalization processes, new forms of mediation like self-mass communication and multimedia interpersonal communication, and different levels of interactivity.
(3) This new communicational paradigm is characterized by rhetoric based on moving images, new dynamics of accessibility and mobility, the social value of user-generated content, and the coexistence of different types of content and narratives.
Communication
Communication studies
A summary of some mass communication theories
Communication theory as a field
History of communication
Media influence
Media studies
This document outlines the major eras in the development of mass communication theory from the early 20th century to present. It describes: 1) The Era of Mass Society Theory from 1945-1975, which viewed media as corrupting influences. 2) The Era of Limited Effects Theory from 1945-1975, which included theories of selective exposure, reinforcement, uses and gratifications, and agenda setting. 3) The Era of Cultural Theory from 1975-present, which includes theories of symbolic interactionism, social construction of reality, and cultivation analysis viewing media's role in constructing social reality.
This document discusses several theories of audience analysis:
- The Frankfurt School proposed the "effects model" which viewed audiences as isolated individuals susceptible to media messages without question.
- The two-step flow theory developed the idea that opinion leaders receive information from media sources and then pass it along to others in their social groups.
- Uses and gratifications theory sees audiences as active consumers who choose media for different reasons like diversion, social interaction, identity, or information gathering.
- David Morley's work identified three types of audience readings - dominant, negotiated, and oppositional - based on the degree to which audience members accept or reject the preferred meaning of a media text.
The hypodermic needle theory viewed audiences of mass media as passive receivers who were directly influenced by media messages in a powerful way. It suggested media could uniformly inject ideas into large groups and trigger a desired response, with audiences having no ability to resist influence. This strong effects view was influenced by the rise of radio/TV, advertising/propaganda industries, Payne Fund studies on film impacting children, and Hitler's media control. However, later reception and uses and gratifications theories saw audiences as active interpreters who engaged with media selectively based on needs and social contexts.
My second homework for communication classKrishna Subedi
The document provides an introduction to mass communication and communication theories. It discusses definitions of mass communication, the role of media, and criteria for evaluating communication theories. Several theories related to mass communication are outlined, including agenda setting theory, cultivation theory, and diffusion of innovation theory. The document also discusses effects of mass media and how social networking services relate to mass communication through their ability to connect people globally and encourage cooperation.
The document provides an overview of communication concepts and models, including:
1) Shannon and Weaver's linear model of communication and its limitations in capturing meaning and context.
2) Westley and Maclean's model highlighting the role of communicators as advocates, channels, or behaving in a non-purposive role.
3) Uses and gratifications theory which views communication as interactive and audiences using media to fulfill different needs.
4) Agenda-setting theory which describes how media influences what issues the public thinks about.
The document discusses several theories of mass communication:
- Introduction to Mass Communication discusses how media both shapes and reflects culture, and how students learn to be active media consumers through a cultural perspective.
- Mass Communication Theory covers communication models and the diverse forms of mass media today, proving theories' importance for understanding society and culture.
- Cultivation Theory examines television's long-term effects, finding it can lead viewers to misperceive social reality.
- Agenda-setting theory suggests media influences what issues the public considers important through what is covered.
This document provides an overview of major communication theories developed since the early 20th century. It discusses early theories like rhetorical theory and symbolic interaction theory. It then covers research in the 1930s-40s that studied the effects of media like film, radio and newspapers. This led to theories around two-step flow of communication, uses and gratifications, and limited effects of media. The document also summarizes cognitive dissonance theory, agenda setting theory, spiral of silence theory, cultivation theory, dependency theory and other influential communication theories.
Communication Theories(With Corrections)guest7152cd
This document discusses the history and development of communication theories. It describes how communication theories first emerged in the 1930s as countries consolidated power and leaders focused on communication and its role in society. Marxist theories viewed messages from powerful groups as a way to increase control and saw mass media used for similar purposes. The document also discusses the psychology school's view that mass media provides a perspective or agenda but does not fully control people's thoughts and feelings. Current theories recognize society and culture play a role beyond just media influences in shaping ideas.
The Media Dependency Theory proposes that the more dependent an individual is on media to have their needs met, the more important media will be to that person. The theory was developed by Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Melvin DeFleur and is widely applicable today given society's overwhelming use of media. There is debate around what exactly causes media dependency, with some pointing to factors like age, occupation, or geographic location.
The document discusses several mass communication theories:
- Social learning theory proposes that people learn from observing and imitating others. It combines behavioral and cognitive learning.
- Catharsis theory suggests that exposure to violent media can provide an emotional release or purging.
- Agenda-setting theory is the idea that media influence what issues the public sees as important by what they choose to cover more.
- Uses and gratification theory examines how people actively use media to fulfill various needs and motives.
- Cultivation theory proposes that extensive TV watching over time shapes peoples' views of social reality.
- Spiral of silence theory from 1974 discusses how willingness to share opinions publicly depends on perceiving them as aligned with prevailing
This document summarizes 15 theories of communication and mass media:
1) Structural/functional, cognitive/behavioral, interactionist, interpretive, and critical theories examine how social structures, individual psychology, social interaction, meaning-making, and power dynamics influence communication.
2) Classical theories include the authoritarian, libertarian, and social responsibility theories, which are based on political philosophies and view the role of media differently.
3) Early 20th century theories like the magic bullet theory and two-step flow theory posited direct and indirect effects of media on audiences. Later theories examined uses and gratifications, agenda-setting, dependency, cultivation effects, and diffusion of innovations.
4) Contemporary theories
Final Homework for Introduction to Communication ClassKrishna Subedi
The document discusses the use of social media and new technologies in educational settings. It argues that while these tools are being incorporated more frequently, like PowerPoint, they are still being used in traditional ways focused on text. Educators should see new technologies as new literacies and genres, employing them in novel ways to encourage multimedia, visuals, and conversational discourse. The document also discusses using social media like Facebook in the classroom to make learning more collaborative and build collective intelligence among students. It outlines benefits of this approach, like promoting education and sharing information.
This document discusses several theories of audience and media effects:
- The Frankfurt School proposed the "Hypodermic Needle" theory that audiences passively accept media messages without question.
- The Two Step Flow theory developed by Lazarsfeld and Katz found that opinions leaders first receive information from media and then pass it along to others in their social networks.
- Users Gratifications theory states that audiences actively choose media to fulfill certain needs and purposes, such as diversion, social interaction, identity, or surveillance. Different users may consume the same media for different reasons.
The Hypodermic Needle Model sees audiences as passive receivers of media messages. It suggests that the media can directly inject ideas into people and influence their thinking without them questioning or challenging the messages. The theory views audiences as sitting targets that will believe everything they are told by media sources. However, the theory has been criticized for failing to account for people's ability to think critically and be influenced more by personal interactions than media alone. Studies showed people did not always vote or act as the media intended, disproving the idea that the media can hypodermically determine audiences' beliefs and behaviors.
The document discusses various topics related to journalism and mass communication including different types of media, the communication process, and the roles and functions of mass media. It defines journalism, describes different categories of media such as presentational, representational, and mechanical/electronic media, and examines concepts like mass communication, channels of communication, and the communication process involving a source, message, channel, receiver and feedback. It also outlines the social roles and functions of mass media in areas like surveillance, coordination and transmission of social norms.
The document discusses RAZ:UM, which stands for Research and Arts Zone University of Maribor. It is described as a space for cultivating ideas and a garden for culture and innovation. The goal is to generate ideas and be a place for ideas through hosting a cafe, houses of architecture, science, and startups. It aims to bring art and science together in a space that is superlinear and acts as a center or genius loci where one can try, fail, and fail better at generating new concepts and pathways.
A short retrospective from the 2. anniversary of Out of the Box Seminars.
Out of the Box - http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/OutoftheBoxidea
Twitter - https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
RAZ:UM - http://raz.um.si/
1) The document is a summary of key principles from Denis Noble's book "The Music of Life" which presents a novel systems biology view of life and evolution.
2) One principle discussed is that biological functions are multi-level and result from interactions between many genes, rather than being directed by a single "genetic program".
3) Another principle is that of "downward causation", where higher levels of organization, like tissues, organs and organisms, influence and regulate lower levels like genes and proteins through feedback loops and epigenetic effects.
4) No single level of biology has primacy or can be said to "program" or fully determine lower levels. Causality is multi
My second homework for communication classKrishna Subedi
Mass communication refers to communication activities of various media. There are several theories related to mass communication, including agenda setting theory, cultivation theory, and media dependency theory. Most scholars believe media effects are cumulative over time, though individuals have some control over effects and can choose which media to use. Media also help socialize children and may influence political involvement. Social networking services are a form of mass communication that enable connection across borders based on shared interests and encourage reciprocal relationships. However, mass communication can also manipulate audiences and tend toward biased perspectives.
The document provides an overview of media ecology theory. Some key points:
1) Media ecology theory studies how media environments influence society and individuals. It asserts that media profoundly shapes culture, attitudes, and behaviors.
2) The theory was first conceptualized by Marshall McLuhan, who coined the phrase "the medium is the message" to describe how the medium used to deliver a message influences how the message is received.
3) Media ecology theory examines how different eras or "ages" of media like oral, print, and electronic media have impacted communication and culture over time.
This document summarizes a presentation on social media and linguistics as part of integrative risk management. It discusses how social media can serve important communication functions during disasters like the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. Social media provides breaking news, situational updates, advice, and gives voice to victims. However, research on social media's effects is still emerging and issues around accessibility, credibility, and manageability remain.
This document discusses key concepts related to mass communication including definitions, components, and functions. It defines mass communication as using mass media to send messages to large audiences to inform, entertain, or persuade. The key components it identifies are mass communicators, mass messages, mass media, mass communication, and mass audiences. It describes mass communicators as those who produce messages for mass media like journalists and advertisers. Mass messages are the content like news, movies, songs, etc. Mass media are the vehicles that carry these messages like newspapers, TV, radio, etc. It also discusses the size and diversity of mass audiences. Finally, it outlines several functions of mass communication including providing information, reflecting cultural values, entertainment, and mobilizing
The document summarizes key concepts from Lecture 7 including discussions of functionalist and conflict theories on the role of education. It also covers the history of communication technologies from oral cultures to the modern digital age. Theories of media include the hypodermic model, interpretive model, functionalism, pluralism, and conflict theory. Debates discussed media representations, ownership, and the capacity of media to shape public opinions and their relationship with sources of power.
Mass communication is defined as communicating information to large audiences via mass media such as television, radio, and newspapers. Mass communication messages have the potential to reach very large, anonymous audiences. The key elements of mass communication are the messages, media used to transmit them, and the audiences receiving them. Traditional functions of mass media include informing audiences, educating/socializing, entertaining, and persuading/interpreting information for audiences. Media informs the public about events and issues, educates on social norms and policies, entertains for relaxation and escape, and provides interpretation and context for information to persuade audiences.
week 7 Challenges in virtual world.pptxJOANESIERAS1
This document discusses current challenges in media literacy education. It covers topics such as how learning is changing due to increased mediation; the history of media education concerns around commercialization of children's media and impacts on learning; evolving conceptions of literacy to include multimodal meanings; key concepts for analyzing media like production, texts, reception; characteristics of new media environments; and changes to young people's media experiences and culture. It concludes with seven challenges facing media education around issues like participation versus protection, linking literacies, connecting to human rights, and realizing democratic goals.
6.4 - Relationship between Producers and Audience.pptxJamesDixon10403
This document discusses the relationship between media producers and audiences. It begins by discussing how we should think about what people do with media rather than what media do to people. It then discusses two main concerns regarding how audiences engage with media texts: whether texts have a single meaning or multiple meanings, and what factors need to be considered in understanding a text's meanings. The document goes on to explain four communication theories - the hypodermic needle theory, reinforcement theory, uses and gratification theory, and two-step flow theory. It provides a brief overview of each theory, including their perspectives on audiences and influence.
Are Social Media Emancipatory or Hegemonic? Societal Effects of Mass Media D...MIS Quarterly
This study examines how social media and traditional media shape public discourse during sociopolitical issues. The researchers analyzed media coverage and online discourse around the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) to test propositions about how different types of media may afford emancipation through participation or hegemony through control of discourse. The findings showed that social media allowed more participation through unconstrained authorship and influence, but also exhibited more constrained framing of issues than traditional media. Lean social media further exacerbated these effects by limiting participation and framing. Overall, both social and traditional media were found to both enable emancipation through participation and exhibit hegemonic control of discourse framing.
Thomas Bauer from the University of Vienna discussed concepts related to understanding social change in media societies. He argued that society, communication, social change, and the future are concepts of observation used to analyze and understand how society thinks about itself. Bauer also noted that social change represents a descriptive metaphor for experiencing alterations in the social environment over time through conceptual frameworks. Understanding the interconnectivity of these concepts provides a terminological model for comprehending the auto-constitutive relationship between society, culture, communication, and organization.
This lecture discusses the development of media technology and theories about how technology influences media content and audiences. It covers:
1) Walter Benjamin's view that technological reproduction changes how meaning is structured and transmitted through media like photography and film.
2) Marshall McLuhan's theory that the medium itself, not just the content, shapes societies and cultures. He coined the term "global village" to describe electronic media bringing people together.
3) Criticisms of technological determinism emerged, arguing that technology develops through social processes, not autonomously according to its own logic. Studies showed technologies can have flexible designs negotiated by social groups.
4) A critical theory of technology aims to make technology development more democratic
Week 1 Notes: The Anthropology of Media and MediationCameron Murray
This document provides an overview of key concepts and readings for Week 1 of an anthropology course on the anthropology of media. It discusses how anthropologists have increasingly studied media and its role in cultural contexts over the past few decades. Some key points made include:
- Media shapes and is shaped by cultural practices and defies easy categorization or boundaries.
- Studying media has altered understandings of the relationship between the local and global.
- There is a renewed interest in studying Western media and how media circulates globally.
- The field has moved beyond just studying communication technologies to a broader anthropology of social mediation and how various processes circulate images and knowledge.
The document discusses several theories related to media and audiences:
1) Audience Theory explains how audiences respond differently to various media texts based on communication, personality, and responses.
2) Gratifications Theory seeks to understand why people actively engage with specific media to satisfy certain needs.
3) Hypodermic Needle Theory suggested media had a direct and powerful effect on audiences, influenced by factors like the rise of radio/TV and propaganda industries.
This document provides an introduction to media studies. It defines media as collective communication outlets used to deliver information, including television, music, newspapers, the internet and advertising. Media studies is described as the discipline that analyzes content, history and effects of mass media. The document outlines the importance of media literacy in making sense of increasing media messages. It then gives a brief history of media development and an overview of four eras in the evolution of media theories, from early mass society theories to current cultural criticism approaches. Key theories from each era are also summarized.
The three views of audiences according to Stuart Hall are:
1. The reflective view - The audience passively accepts the preferred meaning encoded by the media producer.
2. The intentional view - The media producer encodes the meaning into the media text and the audience decodes it as intended.
3. The constructionist view - The audience plays an active role in determining the meaning. The audience does not just accept the preferred meaning but can negotiate or oppose the meaning based on their own experiences and point of view.
The Competing Narratives of Digital & Media LiteracyRenee Hobbs
Renee Hobbs explores the history of media literacy in an address to the Media Ecology Association upon receiving the Neil Postman Lifetime Achievement Award for Public Intellectual Activity.
The hypodermic needle theory viewed audiences of mass media as passive receivers who were directly influenced by media messages in a powerful way. It suggested media could uniformly inject ideas into large groups and trigger a desired response without resistance. This strong effects view was influenced by the rise of radio/TV, advertising/propaganda, Payne Fund studies on film/children, and Hitler's media control. It saw audiences as unable to avoid media impacts and thinking only what they were told due to a lack of other information sources.
Similar to OBC | After media industry: Media culture - the future dispositive of society’s development (20)
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Domen Mongus | Aritmetika oblik: skriti vzorci v oblakih točk
Več informacij na spletni strani: http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
YT: http://www.youtube.com/user/OutBoxSI
TW: https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
Domen Mongus | Aritmetika oblik: skriti vzorci v oblakih točk
Več informacij na spletni strani: http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
YT: http://www.youtube.com/user/OutBoxSI
TW: https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
Gregor Radonjič | Ali obstajajo za okolje primerni proizvodi
Več informacij na spletni strani: http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
YT: http://www.youtube.com/user/OutBoxSI
TW: https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
Andreja Kodrin | From Open Innovation towards Open Democracy
Več informacij na spletni strani: http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
YT: http://www.youtube.com/user/OutBoxSI
TW: https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
A short reflection on Out of the Box Conference 2012.
OBC - http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
Out of the Box - http://seminar.outofthebox.si/
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/OutoftheBoxidea
Twitter - https://twitter.com/OutBoxSI
RAZ:UM - http://raz.um.si/
Martin Balluch discusses the history and development of the modern animal rights movement from the 1960s onwards. Key events include the publication of books that helped establish an academic basis for animal rights philosophy. Grassroots direct action groups formed in opposition to hunting and later factory farming. National organizations focused on welfare reforms while grassroots groups advocated abolitionism and rights. Through campaigns targeting fur farms, animal circuses, battery cage farming and more, many countries have enacted legislative bans on certain uses of animals. However, the movement has also faced repression through new laws and investigations in countries like the US, UK, Spain and Austria.
OBC | The creative use of visual and spoken narrative to help people and poli...Out of The Box Seminar
Steven Bishop, University College London, UK
The creative use of visual and spoken narrative to help people and policy-makers understand our connected world
http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
OBC | From flirt to innovation How to establish network ties between science ...Out of The Box Seminar
Andreas Kornherr, Mondi, Ulmerfeld-Hausmening, Austria
From flirt to innovation
How to establish network ties between science and industry
http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
OBC | String theory and quests for unification of fundamental forces of natureOut of The Box Seminar
Mirjam Cvetič, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
String theory and quests for unification of fundamental forces of nature
http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
The document discusses how Buddhist philosophy can provide insights for modern society. It argues that while modern civilization has achieved material advancement, it has failed to address inequality, injustice, and other social problems. It attributes this failure to an overemphasis on external factors and neglect of the inner world and mind. Buddhist philosophy focuses extensively on understanding the mind and mental factors that lead to suffering or happiness. Modern society could benefit from considering how to cultivate positive mental states like compassion through practices like meditation, and incorporating Buddhist psychological principles into areas like education and clinical research.
OBC | Omnipresent sensor systems - the pros and cons of monitoring almost eve...Out of The Box Seminar
Volker Ribitsch, University of Graz, Austria
Omnipresent sensor systems - the pros and cons of monitoring almost every aspect of our world – environment, processes, humans
http://obc2012.outofthebox.si/
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
OBC | After media industry: Media culture - the future dispositive of society’s development
1. GOING BEYOND MEDIA
INDUSTRY
Media Culture – the Future Dispositive of
Society’s Development
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
2. QUESTIONNING SCIENCE FOR CONDITIONS OF
BETTER LIFE: SOCIAL SCIENCE CONTRIBUTION:
CONSIDERING SOCIETY MEANS TO INTERRUPT THE
EVERYDAY ROUTINES OF THINKING AND ACTING
MIRRORING WITH INTEREST OF AFFIRMATION
OR REFLECTING WITH INTEREST OF CHANGE.
SOCIAL SCIENCE AS OBSERVATION OF OBSERVATION
COMMUNICATION – THE RESOURCE OF CHANGE
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
3. Why we think communication was a resource to make
life becoming a better one?
What was the notion of a better life in context of industrial
development ( logics of sorrow)?
What is the challenge of change for a concept of better
life in context of media society?
What has to be new in concepts and habits of
communication in media context?
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
4. Understanding Media
• System-Perspective – industry-logical perspective:
fragmentizing competence in relation to technology
Media - the resource of knowledge: power, influence, effects:
The world is, how media design it
• User-Perspective – emancipative logics in relation needs:
Media - the frame of reference for knowledge and experience:
The world is, how the user construct it
• Society-Perspective – integrative & cultural interpretation:
Media - the environment of social interaction – Mediality:
The world is, how people interact in relation to it
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
5. Doing the Media
Media-related Social Practice in Everyday Life: Flashes
Media is not: a technical item / apparatus of transport or
transmission. But is doing / using it
• Using Media is increasingly becoming active
• Multitude and omnipresence of new media
• Mutual causality of social change and media development
• Media the most-related frame of reference
• Media appropriation: appropriation of reality
• Integration of media technology in everyday execution of life
• Madiatisation of of key factors of individual and social life
• Mediatisation of key programs of social, cultural and political life
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
6. Understanding Society
Society means:
• not an object, but: a concept of social arrangement
• the world of it‘s communication: what it‘s communication is like
• the sum of it‘s stories and discourses: keeps the world together
Media Society means:
• nothing in/of society is media-free
• the medial environment (mediality setting)
• a socio-cultural program constituted in the modus of mediality
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
7. Do we understand Communication?
• The Transmission of Meaning the Reality?
• The Contract on Deception?
• The Construction of Meaning (Sense of Reality)?
– The Determination of Meaning and Sense Avoiding
Uncertainty (anthropological)
– The Supposition of Sociability of Anyone‘s Interpretation of
Individual Existence Avoiding Isolation (socio-psychologica)l
– The Unification of Difference in Search of Truth (cultural)
– Strategy of Agreement on Similarity
– Habit of Agreement on Difference and Diversity
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
8. WHAT IS MEDIA IN RELATION TO COMMUNICATION?
COMMUNICATION IDEA
What should media
communication be like? What couldmedia
communication be like?
THEORY INTERPRETATION PRACTICE
ANALYSIS
How to do media
How does media
communication?
communication work?
MEDIA - INTERACTION REALITY
thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
9. Motifs of Competence?
• What is media doing with people?
Dislocation of competence to technology
• What is people doing with media?
Supposing competence as intrinsic dimension of human acting
• What is people doing for themselves?
Competence as an individual and a social (public) value
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at
10. In the Context of
Media- and Knowledge Society -
to understand the reality
means
to understand media
Univ. Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Bauer - University of Vienna, Department for Communications - thomas.bauer@univie.ac.at