To assess the performance of the vapor compression cycle as a refrigerator and as a heat pump and its dependence on various parameters. To learn how to use the equipment to measure temperatures at various test points and the flow rates for liquids and gases.

1. 1
Koya University
Faulty of Engineering
School of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
Chemical Engineering department
EXPERIMENT NUMBER SIX
Thermodynamics
Basic Refrigeration System
Instructor: Mr.Rebwar & Mr.Omer
Experiment Contacted on: 6/5/2014
Report Submitted on: 13/5/2014
Group:A
BY:
Aree Salah

2. 2
List of content:
Aim of this experiment: ………………………3
Introduction: ………………………..…………….4
Theory: ……………………………..………………..5
Technical Description: ……………………..….6
Instructions for use: ……………………………7
Table of Calculation:-……………………8 , 9 , 10
Discussion: ………………………….……..11 , 12
Reference: ………………………………………..13

3. 3
Aim of this experiment:
To assess the performance of the vapor compression cycle as
a refrigerator and as a heat pump and its dependence on
various parameters. To learn how to use the equipment to
measure temperatures at various test points and the flow rates
for liquids and gases.

4. 4
:Introduction
Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed
space, or from a substance, and moving it to a place where it is
unobjectionable. The primary purpose of refrigeration is
enclosed space or substance andlowering the temperature of the
then maintaining that lower temperature. This book reviews
date-to-research on refrigeration including an overview of up
developments and technology in the field of magnetic
nativerefrigeration at room temperature (RTMR); an alter
approach based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) to
determine thermodynamic properties of refrigerants; solar
powered sorption refrigeration and air conditioning; the
modelling of chilling and freezing processes and others.
{1}

5. 5
Theory:
One important application of the thermodynamic cycles is
refrigeration. The transfer of heat from a higher
temperature to a lower one is a natural phenomenon, but
the unnatural reverse process happens in refrigeration
cycles. The devices that produce refrigeration are called
refrigerators and the working fluids are called refrigerants.
{2}

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:DescriptionechnicalT
The system contains all of the components found in a normal
household refrigerator. The fully functional refrigeration
to cool food or drinks. The individualcompartment is able
components are clearly laid out in an open housing. Sight glasses in
all sections of the refrigerant circuit enable the refrigerant and its
free-physical state to be observed. The refrigerator uses a CFC
{3}refrigerant.

7. 7
Instructions for use:
1
2 3 4
5 6
7 8 9 10 11
1. Thermostat
2. Main Switch
3. Lock
4. Evaporator
5. Capillary tube
6. Filter
7. Piston compressor
8. Manometer
9. Filler valve
10. Condenser
11. Refrigerant sight glass

8. 8
-Table of Calculation:
1-B y chart
Point Pressure
(kpa)
Temperature
( C)
Enthalpy
( h)
1
140 -20 470
2 800 50 570
3 800 110 336
4 140 42 336

9. 9
-Calculation:Table of
2-By table
H1 = Hg
H2 = Super heated
H3 = H (fluid)
H4 = H(fluid) .. because we have a (valve )
Point Pressure
(kpa)
Temperature
(c )
Enthalpy
( h)
1
140 -20 239.16
2 800 50 286.96
3 800 31.31 95.47
4 140 -18.77 95.47

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CALCULATION OF (COP ) FOR
REFRIGERANT & HEAT PUMP
E
R
heat absorbed at the lower temperature
COP
compressor net work
Q
W
= =
C
H
heat rejected at the higher temperature
COP
compressor net work
Q
W
= =
1-B y chart
2-By table
1-a- 𝑐𝑜𝑝(𝑟) =
h1−h4
h2−h1
=
470−336
570−470
= 1.33
b- 𝑐𝑜𝑝(ℎ) =
h2−h3
h2−h1
=
570−336
570−470
= 2.34
2-a- 𝑐𝑜𝑝(𝑟) =
h1−h4
h2−h1
=
239.16−95.47
286.96−239.16
=3
b- 𝑐𝑜𝑝(ℎ) =
h2−h3
h2−h1
=
286,96−95.47
286.96−239.16
= 4

11. 11
Discussion:
By Aree Salah
Are there any safety considerations for new refrigerants in
chillers?
EPA believes that adherence to Standard 15 of the American Society of
Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) will
ensure the safety of technicians and building occupants. This standard
applies to the use of all alternative refrigerants. In addition, systems
designed and operated in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 3 will leak
minimal amounts of refrigerant, thereby reducing ozone depletion and
global warming impacts.
2/ what is meant by refrigeration?
It is the process of reducing the temperature of an object from the
normal surrounding temperature in a controlled way in order to cool
them.
3/ Give some of the applications of refrigeration.
i. The making of ice.
ii. The Air-conditioning of industries.
iii. The metal manufacturing and their treatment.
4/ Can I put a refrigerator in my garage?
Yes. However, if you live in a region in which the temperatures drop below 50
degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), this is not a good idea. Such
temperatures could cause the oil in the compressor to thicken, leading to
premature compressor failure or other issues. Also, refrigerator/freezer units
often won’t keep food frozen when the temperature of the garage drops below
35 degrees Fahrenheit (1.6 Celsius).

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5/ what causes refrigerator burn? And is it safe?
Freezer burn is a common problem caused by food packaging. Food
dehydrates due to exposure to the air in the freezer. Standard supermarket
packaging for many foods is not designed to prevent dehydration. If you
intend to store food in your freezer for more than a few days, you should place
the food in airtight containers or zippered plastic bags specifically made for
food preservation and freezer storage. It is absolutely safe to cook or eat
freezer-burned food. However, most people find that the dehydration process
destroys the food’s taste and texture. Dehydrated meat is said to be tough and
tasteless after cooking.
6/ how cold should my refrigerator be?
Your refrigerator’s thermostat should be set to 36 to 38 degrees Fahrenheit
(approximately two degrees Celsius) and your freezer’s thermostat from 0 to 5
degrees Fahrenheit (-18 degrees Celsius).
7/ is it easy to add an ice maker to my refrigerator?
Yes, if your freezer has the necessary internal wiring (most do), this is a do-it-
yourself project

13. 13
Reference:
1:
https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=12008
2:
http://refrigerationcycleexperiment.blogspot.com/2007/03/theory.html
3:
-p-system-refrigeration-http://www.selkagmbh.com/product_info.php?pName=basic
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