This document describes an experiment conducted using a helium porosimeter to determine the effective porosity of a core sample. The experiment followed standard procedures, including loading the sample into a matrix, setting the reference pressure, and measuring the sample volume and weight. The effective porosity was calculated based on Boyle's law and found to be -4.68%. Potential sources of error are discussed, such as temperature fluctuations affecting gas volume and ensuring pressure stabilization between valve changes. The document provides background on helium porosimetry and its use of gas expansion principles to determine porosity.
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
=============
This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
This experiment will explain a procedure to get drilling mud with a range of density that requires for maintaining the borehole pressure as drilling goes dipper, the objective is generating a drilling mud; then it requires to rise the density by 0.1ppg and getting a drilling mud that is more dens.
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
=============
This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
This experiment will explain a procedure to get drilling mud with a range of density that requires for maintaining the borehole pressure as drilling goes dipper, the objective is generating a drilling mud; then it requires to rise the density by 0.1ppg and getting a drilling mud that is more dens.
1-To calculate plastic viscosity of the mud .
2-To calculate yield point.
Viscometer or rheometer is a device used to measure the viscosity and yield point of mud, A sample of mud is placed in a slurry cup and rotation of a sleeve in the mud.
This a report about Marsh Funnel. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
1-To calculate plastic viscosity of the mud .
2-To calculate yield point.
Viscometer or rheometer is a device used to measure the viscosity and yield point of mud, A sample of mud is placed in a slurry cup and rotation of a sleeve in the mud.
This a report about Marsh Funnel. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
The aim of this experiment is to determine the rheological properties of the mud by using model 900 viscometer.
1- Measuring mud viscosity (cp). That show the ability of the mud to caring cutting to the surface.
2- Measuring yield point. We was familiar with viscometer model 900
Last Rev. August 2014 Calibration and Temperature Measurement.docxsmile790243
Last Rev.: August 2014 Calibration and Temperature Measurement Page 2
ME 495—Thermo Fluids Laboratory
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Temperature Measurement and First-
Order Dynamic Response
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PREPARED BY: GROUP LEADER’S NAME
LAB PARTNERS: NAME
NAME
NAME
TIME/DATE OF EXPERIMENT: TIME , DATE
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
OBJECTIVE — The objectives of this laboratory are:
• To learn basic concepts and definitions associated with the
temperature and temperature measurements.
• To learn how to calibrate a Thermocouple and a Thermistor.
• To determine and compare the time constants of a
thermocouple and a thermometer.
• To determine how a thermocouple and a thermometer
responds to different inputs. You will also observe the
response of a thermocouple to an oscillatory input.
• To develop awareness for sources of error in temperature
measurements.
THEORY – In this lab, we will use first-order models to
approximate the response of a thermometer, thermocouple, and a
thermistor to temperature inputs, as these temperature sensors
measure temperatures in a different way.
A thermometer senses a change in temperature as a change in
the density of a fluid.
A thermocouple consists of two wires of different metals
joined at one end (the junction). When a voltage is applied
across the free ends of the two wires, the differing properties
of the wires create an induced voltage that it proportional to
the temperature change at the junction.
A thermistor is a type of resistor whose resistance is
dependent on temperature, more so than in standard resistors.
The change in resistance is linear with respect to change in
temperature, thus making a thermistor an accurate
temperature measuring device.
EXPERIMENT PREPARATION - Get a thermometer, a K (or J)
type thermocouple, and a thermistor from the TA. Identify the
positive and negative terminals for the thermocouple.
• Verify that the thermocouple is functioning well. This can be
done by connecting the thermocouple to a DMM and ensuring that
the voltage changes when you hold the thermocouple weld
between your fingers.
• Be familiar with all of the instruments you will be using for this
experiment. Knowing your equipment well is essential.
• Prepare an ice bath. Most EMF (electromotive force) tables use
ice point (0C) as the reference temperature and this traditional
fixed point temperature is preferred for accurate and reliable
measurements. To prepare the ice bath:
o Crush or flake the ice (Ice is available in the white icebox
located on the measurement table).
o Fill the thermos (the blue with white lid) half with crushed-ice,
add water and stir it until the mixture becomes a slush without
having the ice float. [Recall: If the ice floats, the bottom
temperature could be higher than 0C –Anomalous expansion of
water.]
PROCEDURE - Part 1: Modify a VI for temperature measurements
In this lab, you will b ...
Hướng dẫn sử dụng máy đo đa năng Testo 550 KIT
https://testostore.vn/san-pham/testo-550-kit/
https://testostore.vn/danh-muc/do-ap-suat/may-do-ap-suat-chan-khong/
properties such as (plastic viscosity, yield point ad gel strength) of the drilling fluid ivestigated using OFFITE model 900 viscometer and a computer which can offer a very accurate result.
Similar to helium porosimeter (Reservoir lab) (20)
Improving Oil Recovery In Fractured Reservoirs (Eor)Bakhtiar Mahmood
The aim of this project is to investigate the oil production in fractured reservoirs and to have an understanding of recovery mechanisms and all the methods that lead to improvement of the production in fractured reservoirs especially the EOR processes and to determine the advantages and limitations of fractures during EOR process.
Improving Oil Recovery In Fractured Reservoirs (Eor)Bakhtiar Mahmood
The aim of this project is to investigate the oil production in fractured reservoirs and to have an understanding of recovery mechanisms and all the methods that lead to improvement of the production in fractured reservoirs especially the EOR processes and to determine the advantages and limitations of fractures during EOR process
In this test we will try to prepare core plugs of Different core size can be obtain during the drilling operation process(or can be prepared in the lab from surface rock or ungeometric shape), the main object behind this is to get more information about some targets in which we may get or find porosity permeability ,fluid saturation , hydrocarbon composition.
Drilling engineering laboratory
The aim of the test is to know the ability of the mud to suspense the cutting during circulation stop by measuring the gel strength
Relative humidity is a measurement used to describe water vapor in the air. In general, it expresses how close the air is to saturation. In this lab, you will use a psychrometer
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
1. Koya University
Faculty of engineering
Petroleum department
Reservoir engineering laboratory
(Helium Porosimeter)
may.5th
.2015
Lab EXP.(4)
Supervised By Prepared By
Mr. Haval Bakhtiar star m.
Mr. Barham
Submitted on: may. 12th
2015
3. Objective
The aim of the test to determine a effective porosity , Grain volume by
helium porosimeter device in the based on Bolyes law .
4. Abstract
Helium Porosimeter is utilized to measure porosity of core samples
taken from petroleum reservoirs, at ambient conditions. These
measurements must be known for an intelligent evaluation or
engineering functions preformed on the reservoir. All the methods
measuring pore volume yield effective porosity.
The methods are based on either the extraction of a fluid from the
rock or the introduction of a fluid into the pore spaces of the rock
One of the most used methods is the helium technique , which
employs Boyle’s law.
HeP is a Helium Porosimeter for Grain volume determination on samples
(standard, irregular or coated) based on Boyle-Mariotte’s law. Sample is set
in matrix cup; pore volume is deducted from bulk volume. Measurement
system is computer operated
5. Theory
The amount of interconnected pore space through which fluids can pass,
expressed as a percentage of the total volume occupied by the
interconnecting interstices. for determining this type of porosity used This
helium expansion Porosimeter.
This helium expansion Porosimeter is designed to rapidly and precisely
determine the effective porosity of 1” and 1.5” diameter reservoir core
samples using Boyle’s law of gas expansion. It features automatic data
collection, high quality parts like helium leak tight diaphragm valves,
high accuracy pressure transducers, three reference volumes, accessories
to minimize dead volume, sintered stainless steel filters and micro cups
for measuring cuttings (Adams,2005)
7. Procedure
1- Connect process fitting at front side of the cabinet to a suitable dry gas facility, rating up to 220 psi.
2- Remove the cap at the bottom of the transmitter. Plug cable from the transmitter to the USB at right side of computer.
3-starting appliclab, switches on the battery, operated transmitter. click on the button(psi) to toggle pressure
reading with offset value.
-make sure that valves can be controlled (red, green color)
-beside is an illustration where pressure and valve are not connected (blue color)at page 1 of this manual is
displayed operational machine
4- Reset pressure display (offset)
You can reset pressure sensor LEX locally as follow:
• Press SELECT (left button) 3 times to display MANO at the bottom of the screen
• Press ENTER (right button)
• ZERO is displayed at the bottom of screen
• Press ENTER to offset the device.
Alternatively, you can remotely offset pressure reading from AppliLab software by Click on Offset button labeled”0” on the
interface. Operator is guide to operate valves in sequence
5-5- Set reference pressure
According to option, the reference pressure is 100 psig or 200 psig.
Adjust the pressure supply at the regulator of the gas facility (upstream N2 Porosimeter) to get about 120 or 220 psig
(according to option). There is no need to get sharp 100 psig or sharp 200 psig. A pressure from 95 to 105 or respectively
190 to210 psig is acceptable. A relief valve built-in HeP will flow out exceeding pressure.
• Open valve V01
• Read the pressure on the cabinet
8. • If the pressure reading is less than set point, turn clockwise the cabinet regulator knob to obtain the expected value and
close back valve V01
• If pressure reading is greater than set point:
• Close valve V01
• Open valve V02 while matrix is open to atmosphere to decrease pressure
• Turn anti clockwise the knob
• Close back V02
• Open valve V01, turn clockwise the regulator knob to obtain the expected value and close back valve V01
6- Select matrix in line
7- Billets (calibrated discs)
Billets are used during calibration and may be used to reduce free room when small sample is loaded into matrix.
8- Report and Template
Template and reports files are EXCEL files with three tabs: REPORT, CALIB and PRINT.
Operator is not allowed to edit manually template. Template is updated at tab CALIB by AppliLab software during
calibration.
9- Run number
9. 10- Trend facility
11- Actions
12- Measure operation
Remember that steady temperature is primordial to correct calibration and measure. If you touch the reference
tank under pressure, you will notice a drift in the pressure reading.
12.1- Loading sample into matrix
For sample of 1 or 1.5” nominal diameter we use the same matrix and a liner. Open matrix by unscrewing (anti clockwise)
the top handle for about one revolution. Then remove the metal cylinder from the frame. For sample of nominal diameter
1”, drive gently sample into the liner. For sample of nominal diameter 1.5”, remove the liner then load sample into the
matrix. Make sure that there are no sand particles on the top of the metal cylinder (or wipe them with the finger). Drive
back the metal cylinder into its frame. Tight the matrix by rotating the top handles clockwise.
10. 12.2- Operator
Input your name or initials. This field can be let void.
12.3- Field, Well
Input Field and Well information in dedicated cells. These fields can be let void.
12.4- Free description and value
12.5- Sample
Input sample name or experience reference, for instance sandstone07 or 2010-4321.
12.6- Weight, diameter and length
Input mandatory data relative to the sample. Notice that units are grams and millimeters.
13- Common measure steps
13.1
13.2
Each time that a valve must be switched, a message pops up to guide operator. There is no need to the
process: just follow instruction.
11. Operator will get information about action running by mean of message window on top of the screen. At first
open system to gas net:
Hep measure. Building up reference pressure in tank.
14- Shutoff procedure
1. Click STOP or No at prompt YES: process measure. No: stop
2. Bleed off the pressure of gas at the gas supply
3. Switch off all the valves
4. Quit AppliLab application
5. Pressure display on cabinet is auto switched off.
6. Shut down Windows operating system and switch off the computer.
7. Set back the billets (calibration discs) in their case
12. DISCUSION
The helium expansion Porosimeter is designed to rapidly and precisely determine the
effective porosity of 1” and 1.5” diameter reservoir core samples using Boyle’s
law of gas expansion.at the finally we found porosity of a sample that equal to
(-4.68%).
Some point in this experiment we noticed, we can discuss like that:
The Helium Porosimeter has been performed on the principle of boyle-mariottes
law& Charles law.
In this test that we did probably some factor or error effect on the accurate of the
result, so we have to do this test or any test be careful and we try we don’t make any
error in the test otherwise the result may not accurate. Error or factor like that
1-This device that we used in our test must contain in a room or lab which the
temperature not changed because if the temperature altered of a device might the
volume of air in a tool changed so the result would be some changed.
2-when we change a valve to expand or vent we had to wait for some minute until
the pressure would be stabilize.
3-we did this test more than one time for certainty about the result and maybe in any
time that did the test the result changed cause man error like reading the length and
diameter of sample
4- we used nitrogen instead helium because is more available easy to handling
5- during this experiment it could be result of POROSITY (Negative) because effect
of (time skipped , irregular shape core , pressure )
13. References
1.Eslinger, E. and Pevear, D. “Clay Minerals for Petroleum
Geologists and Engineers”, SEPM Short Course No. 22,
1988.
2.Worthington, P.F. “Conjunctive interpretation of core and
log data through association of effective and total porosity
models” In: Harvey, P.K. & Lovell, M.A. ( eds), Core-
LogIntegration, Geological Society, London, Special
Publications, 136, 213-223.
3.Adams, S., “Porosity—Total vs Effective”, WellEval.com
website, 2005
4.Bush, D.C. and Jenkins, R.E., “Proper Hydration of Clays
for Rock Property Determination”, SPE 2589, JPT, July
1970, 800-804.
5. Hill, H.J., Shirley, O.J., Klein, G.E. “Bound Water in Shaly
Sands—Its Relation to Qv and Other Formation
Properties”, Log Analyst, May–June, 1979.
6. Juhasz, I. “Conversion of routine air permeability data into
stressed brine-permeability data” Tenth European
Formation Evaluation Symposium, paper Y, 1986.