The document discusses the components and classification of automobiles. It describes how an automobile is a self-propelled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine that transports passengers and goods. The key components include the power plant (engine), transmission system, auxiliaries (electric system), controls (steering and brakes), and suspension. Automobiles are classified based on their purpose, fuel type, capacity, drive, wheels/axles, suspension system, transmission, and body style. The document also discusses the different positions of the engine, including at the front, crosswise at the front, in the center, and at the back.

1. AUTOMOBILE
Introduction

2. AUTOMOBILE
An Automobile is a self-propelled vehicle
driven by an IC engine and is used for
transportation of passengers and goods on
grounds.
Examples: Bus, Car, Jeep, Truck, Scooter
etc

3. Component of Automobile
 The Power plant
 The Transmission system
 The Auxiliaries
 The Control
 The Suspension

4. The Basic Structure
It consist of the frame, the suspension
system, axles, wheels and tires.

5. The Engine
 It provides the motive power for all the various
functions which the vehicle may be required to
perform.

6. The Transmission System
It consist of a clutch, a gear box, a propeller
shaft,

7. The Transmission System

8. The Auxiliaries
This consist the electric system

9. The Controls
Consists of Steering system and the Brakes

10. The Controls

11. General Layout of Automobile

12. Classification of Automobile
1: Purpose
 Passenger carriers - Car, jeep, Bus
 Goods carriers - Truck etc
2: Fuel Used
 Petrol Vehicle d) Electric vehicle
 Diesel Vehicle e) Steam vehicle
 Gas Vehicle

13. 3: Capacity
 HTV (Heavy transport vehicle)
 LTV (Light transport vehicle)
 Medium vehicle
4: Drive
 Left hand drive
 Right hand drive
Classification of Automobile

14. 5: Wheel and axle
 Two wheeler
 Four wheeler
 Six Wheeler
6: Suspension System
 Conventional
 Independent
Classification of Automobile

15. 7: Transmission
 Conventional
 Semi-automatic
 Automatic
8: Body Style
 Closed cars
 Open cars
 Special Styles
Classification of Automobile

16. Chassis
The chassis of an automobile consist of following parts
 Engine and Radiator
 Transmission System
 Suspension System
 Road Wheels
 Steering System
 Brakes
 Fuel Tank

17. There are 2 types of construction to mount all
the component of automobile.
 Conventional Construction
(In which the separate frame is used)
 Frameless or unitary construction
(In which no separate frame is used)
1`
Construction

18. Conventional construction
In this type of chassis
const. the various
components are attached
with frame and body is
bolted on the frame later
on.
Function of frame:
 To support chassis
component and the body
 To withstand static and
dynamic load without
deflection and distortion

19. Frameless construction
 In this type of
construction the floor
is strengthened by
cross-member and the
body, all welded
together.

20. Position of power unit.
1. Engine at front
a) In this the engines are fitted at front and the drive is given
to the wheels from the “rear”
Advantage
 Enough space behind the rear seat
 Weight of vehicle is well balanced on the wheels

21.  Easier to inspect, repair and adjust the engine clutch
and gear box
 Increased efficiency of cooling system
b) The engine is fitted in front and drive is also given to
front wheels only as in Matador vehicles
Position of power unit

22. Position of power unit
2. Engine fitted in front but crosswise
In this the engine fitted in front but crosswise as
in Maruti and drive is given to front wheels only

23. Position of power unit
3. Engine fitted at centre of the chassis
In this case the Engine fitted at centre of the
chassis i.e under the chassis as in Royal Tiger
World master buses previously piled by Delhi
Transport Corporation.
This arrangement provides full space of chassis
floor for use.

24. Engine fitted at the back
4. Engine fitted at the back
The popular vehicles, employing this system are
Renault, Dolphin and Volkswagon
Advantage
 Better adhesion on road
 It helps quick stopping when more load is placed at rear
 Elimination of propeller shaft, with this centre of gravity
is lowered giving stability

25. THANKS