Basic life support and CPR

1. Basic Life Support
(BLS)
and
Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation
(CPR)
Dr. Ritesh Kale
MD Medicine

2. INTRODUCTION
• BLS and CPR are essential life-saving techniques used in
emergency situations to help victims of cardiac arrest or
respiratory failure.
• Let's explore the key concepts and steps involved in BLS and
CPR.

3. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
• BLS is the immediate medical attention given to victims in
life-threatening situations before professional medical help
arrives.
• It involves a series of simple, but critical, steps to maintain
the body’s vital functions.

4. IMPORTANCE OF BLS
• Early initiation of BLS can significantly increase the chances
of survival for a victim.
• BLS helps provide oxygenated blood to vital organs until
advanced medical care can be provided.

5. KEY STEPS IN BLS
Step 7
Give Rescue Breaths
Step 6
Perform Chest Compression
Step 5
Check Breathing
Step 4
Open the Airway
Step 3
Call for Help
Step 2
Assess Responsiveness
Step 1
Check for Danger

6. CHECK FOR DANGER
• Before approaching the victim, ensure that the area is safe
for both you and the victim.
• Identify any potential hazards or
risks that may cause harm.

7. ASSESS RESPONSIVENESS
• Gently tap the victim and shout, "Are you okay?“
• If the victim doesn't respond, proceed to the next steps.

8. CALL FOR HELP
• Call the local emergency number or ask someone nearby to
call for professional help immediately.
• Describe the situation accurately for a swift response.

9. OPEN THE AIRWAY
• Gently tilt the victim's head back to open the airway.
• Lift the chin upward to clear any obstructions.

10. CHECK BREATHING
• Look, listen, and feel for any signs of breathing for about 10
seconds.
• If the victim is not breathing or only gasping, begin CPR.

11. CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
(CPR)
• CPR is a critical life-saving technique used when a victim is
not breathing or has no pulse. (unresponsive)
• It combines chest compressions and rescue breaths to keep
the blood flowing and maintain oxygenation (supply oxygen
to the lungs).

12. STEPS IN CPR
1.Begin with 30 Chest Compressions
2.Provide 2 Rescue Breaths
3.Continue CPR Cycles (30:2) until Help Arrives

13. CHEST COMPRESSIONS
• Place the heel of one hand on the center of the victim's chest
(between the nipples).
• Place the other hand on top of the first hand, interlocking the
fingers.
• Position yourself with your shoulders directly above your
hands and elbows straight.
• Push hard and fast, allowing the chest to fully recoil after
each compression. Aim for a rate of 100-120 compressions
per minute.
• Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions.

14. RESCUE BREATHS
• After 30 compressions, open the victim's airway again.
• Give two rescue breaths, making sure the chest rises with
each breath.

15. CPR CYCLES
• Continue the cycles of 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
until professional help arrives or the victim starts to show
signs of life.

16. REMEMBER THE C-A-B SEQUENCE
• Circulation (C): Check for circulation by performing chest
compressions.
• Airway (A): Open the airway to ensure proper oxygen flow.
• Breathing (B): Check for breathing and provide rescue
breaths.

17. CONCLUSION
• BLS and CPR are crucial skills that can save lives in
emergency situations.
• Being prepared and knowing how to respond can make a
significant difference.
• Get trained in BLS and CPR to be a life-saving hero in your
community.

18. Thank you