CPR Based on AHA Guidelines

1. Basic Life Support : CPR
Ms. Shany Thomas
Asst. Professor
GHPSCN

2. CPR
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an
emergency procedure which is performed
in an effort to manually preserve the heart,
lung and brain function until further
measures are taken to restore spontaneous
blood circulation and breathing in a person
in cardiac arrest.
Combines rescue breathing and chest
compressions
Revives heart (cardio) and lung
(pulmonary) functioning

3. The Change From “A-B-C” to “C-A-
B”
The newest development in the 2010 AHA
Guidelines for CPR and ECC is a change in the basic life
support (BLS) sequence of steps from “A-B-C” (Airway,
Breathing, Chest compressions) to “C-A-B” (Chest
compressions, Airway, Breathing).

4. CPR Guidelines
1. Call emergency helpline or ask
someone else to do so.
2. Try to get the person to respond; if he
doesn’t, roll the person on his or her
back.
3. Start chest compressions.

5. Compressions
Locate proper hand position for chest
compressions
Patient should be on hard surface
Place heel of one hand on center of chest
between the nipples OR Over xiphoid process.
Put your other hand on top of the first with
your fingers interlaced.

6.  Press straight downward on
the chest using back and
shoulders
Using both hands, give 30
chest compressions
Count 1, 2, 3 …

7.  4. Press down so you compress the chest at least 2
inches in adults and children and 1.5 inches in
infants. ”One hundred times a minute or even a
little faster is optimal,”
 5. Now open the airway with a head tilt and chin
lift.

8. 6. Pinch close the nose of the
victim. Take a normal breath,
cover the victim’s mouth with
yours to create an airtight seal,
and then give two, one-second
breaths as you watch for the
chest to rise/ Bag –mask
method.
7. Continue compressions and
breaths — 30 compressions,
two breaths — until help

9. BLS Algorithm
Unresponsive
No breathing or no normal breathing
Activate emergency response system
Get defibrillator
Check Pulse with in 10 sec
Definite Pulse
Give 1 breath every 5-
6sec
Check pulse every 2 min
Begin 30 compression & 2
breaths
No Pulse
Defibrillator arrives Check Rhythm: Shockable?
Give 1 shock, Resume CPR
immediately for 2 min.
Resume CPR for 2 min.,
Check rhythm 2mts
Y N

10. When to Stop CPR?
Victim revives
Trained help arrives
Too exhausted to continue
Physician directed (do not resuscitate orders)

11. Checking for CPR Effectiveness
Does chest rise and fall with rescue breaths?
Have a second rescuer check pulse while
you give compressions

12. Injuries Related to CPR
Rib fractures
Laceration to the Liver, lung, spleen

13. Complications of CPR
Vomiting and Aspiration
Place victim on left side
Wipe vomit from mouth with fingers
wrapped in a cloth
Reposition and resume CPR

14. Stomach Distension
Prevention of Stomach Distension
Don’t blow too hard
Slow rescue breathing
Re-tilt the head to make sure the airway
is open
Use mouth to nose method