The S1 nuclease was extracted from Aspergill suoryzae. The S1 nuclease is a specific
single-stranded endonuclease. It can degrade single-stranded DNA and
single-stranded RNA to produce 5'-single-stranded nucleotides or oligonucleotides.
S1 Mapping is a laboratory method used for locating the start and end points of
transcripts and for mapping introns.
This technique is used for quantifying the amount of mRNA transcripts, it can therefore identify the level of transcription of the gene in the cell at a given time.
S1 Mapping is a laboratory method used for locating the start and end points of
transcripts and for mapping introns.
This technique is used for quantifying the amount of mRNA transcripts, it can therefore identify the level of transcription of the gene in the cell at a given time.
MBB 501 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
INFORMATION ABOUT DIFFERENT DNA MODIFYING ENZYMES
WHAT IS AN ENZYME?
Alkaline Phosphatase
Polynucleotide kinase
Terminal deoxyneucleotidyl transferase
Nucleases
Exonuclease
Bal31 Exonuclease III
Endonuclease
S1 endonulease
Deoxyribonuclease 1 (Dnase 1)
RNase A
RNase H
Restriction Endonuclease
PvuI
PvuII
Different types of endonuclease enzymes
The recognition sequences for some of the most frequently used restriction endonucleases.
Categorization of enzymes
Isoschizomers
Neoschizomers
Isocaudomers
The DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) is a biological database that collects DNA sequences. It is located at the National Institute of Genetics (NIG) in the Shizuoka prefecture of Japan. It is also a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration or INSDC.
STS stands for sequence tagged site which is short DNA sequence, generally between 100 and 500 bp in length, that is easily recognizable and occurs only once in the chromosome or genome being studied.
SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphic), SNP mapping, SNP profile, SNP types, SNP analysis by gel electropherosis and by mass spectrometry, SNP effects, single strand conformation polymorphism, SNP advantages and disadvantages and application of SNP profile in drug choice
MBB 501 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
INFORMATION ABOUT DIFFERENT DNA MODIFYING ENZYMES
WHAT IS AN ENZYME?
Alkaline Phosphatase
Polynucleotide kinase
Terminal deoxyneucleotidyl transferase
Nucleases
Exonuclease
Bal31 Exonuclease III
Endonuclease
S1 endonulease
Deoxyribonuclease 1 (Dnase 1)
RNase A
RNase H
Restriction Endonuclease
PvuI
PvuII
Different types of endonuclease enzymes
The recognition sequences for some of the most frequently used restriction endonucleases.
Categorization of enzymes
Isoschizomers
Neoschizomers
Isocaudomers
The DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) is a biological database that collects DNA sequences. It is located at the National Institute of Genetics (NIG) in the Shizuoka prefecture of Japan. It is also a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration or INSDC.
STS stands for sequence tagged site which is short DNA sequence, generally between 100 and 500 bp in length, that is easily recognizable and occurs only once in the chromosome or genome being studied.
SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphic), SNP mapping, SNP profile, SNP types, SNP analysis by gel electropherosis and by mass spectrometry, SNP effects, single strand conformation polymorphism, SNP advantages and disadvantages and application of SNP profile in drug choice
There are slides about DNA replication and types of DNA.
Here we study about different enzymes of replication and its process.Places of enzyme action also shown in the slides.Different proteins are also discussed.
DNA polymerases (DNA manupliation Enzymes).pdfNetHelix
the Secrets of DNA Manipulation: A Comprehensive Exploration of DNA Polymerase and Enzymes
In this PDF presentation entitled "Enzymes that Manipulate DNA, Specially DNA Polymerase," we delve deep into the mechanisms and functions of these remarkable enzymes that play a pivotal role in the realm of molecular biology.
🧬 Key Highlights:
Introduction to DNA Polymerase:
Uncover the fundamental aspects of DNA polymerase, a key player in DNA replication and repair. Explore its structure, functions, and the indispensable role it plays in maintaining the genetic integrity of living organisms.
Types of DNA Polymerases:
Delve into the diverse landscape of DNA polymerases, ranging from prokaryotic to eukaryotic systems. Understand how different types of DNA polymerases contribute to the precision and efficiency of DNA synthesis.
Examples of polymerases:
•DNA polymerase 1
•klenow fragment
•sequenase
•Taq polymerase
•Reverse Transcriptase
DNA Replication
Take a closer look at the intricate dance of enzymes during DNA replication. Follow the step-by-step process, and gain insights into how DNA polymerase ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.
Technological Applications:
Unleash the potential of DNA polymerase in various biotechnological applications. From PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) to DNA sequencing, discover how these enzymes have revolutionized molecular biology and genetic research.
Emerging Trends and Future Prospects:
Stay ahead of the curve by exploring the latest advancements and emerging trends in DNA manipulation. Witness the ongoing research that promises to unlock new possibilities in the field.
🎓 Who Should Explore This Presentation?
Students and researchers in molecular biology and genetics
Biotechnologists and professionals in the field of genetic engineering
Enthusiasts curious about the molecular machinery behind DNA manipulation
1.Definition
2.Transcription is selective
3.Transcription in Prokaryotes
•Initiation
•Elongation
•RNA polymerase vs DNA polymerase
•Termination
4.Transcription in Eukaryotes
•Initiation
•Elongation
•Termination
•Post transcriptional modifications
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Evaluation of antidepressant activity of clitoris ternatea in animals
Basic information of s1 nuclease
1. Basic Information of S1 Nuclease
Source
The S1 nuclease was extracted from Aspergill suoryzae. The S1 nuclease is a specific
single-stranded endonuclease. It can degrade single-stranded DNA and
single-stranded RNA to produce 5'-single-stranded nucleotides or oligonucleotides.
Double-stranded DNA, and DNA-RNA hybrid molecules are more resistant to S1
nucleases, and only high concentrations of enzymes allow them to be digested. It
hydrolyzes single-stranded DNA at a rate that is 75 000 times faster than hydrolyzed
double-stranded DNA. The optimum pH for the enzymatic reaction was 4.0 to 4.3,
and the enzyme activity decreased by 50% at pH 4.9.
The S1 nuclease
is derived from Aspergillus oryzae and is a highly single-strand specific endonuclease
that degrades single-stranded DNA or RNA under optimal conditions of enzymatic re
action to produce 5'-phosphate. Single nucleotide or oligonucleotide.
Structural and Catalytic Properties of S1 Nuclease
It is relatively insensitive to double-stranded DNA, double-stranded RNA, and
DNA-RNA hybrids. The rate of hydrolysis of single-stranded DNA is typically 75,000
times faster than hydrolysis of double-stranded DNA. This enzyme requires low
levels of Zn2+ activation with an optimum pH range of 4.0 to 4.3. Some chelating
agents (such as EDTA and citric acid) can strongly inhibit S1 nuclease activity.
In addition, phosphate buffer and 0.6% SDS solution can inhibit its activity, but it is
2. stable to urea and formamide of. The single-strand hydrolysis function of the S1
nuclease can act on a single-stranded region of a double-stranded nucleic acid
molecule and cleave the nucleic acid molecule from a single-stranded portion, and
such single-stranded region can be as small as one base pair. Because of this function,
the S1 nuclease analyzes the structure of the nucleic acid hybrid molecule
(RNA-DNA), localizes the RNA molecule, determines the position of the spacer
sequence in the eukaryotic gene, removes the prominent single-stranded tail in the
DNA fragment, and Opening the hairpin loop formed during double-stranded cDNA
synthesis works.
Principles of S1 nuclease localization
It is a method of determining the position of the 5' end of mIlNA in the corresponding
template soil. The mRNA is first hybridized with the a:p-labeled template, digested w
ith a single-strand specific Siase, and a single-stranded portion at both ends is remove
d, and then the P-labeled DLA-R}IA hybrid molecule is reused for determination D.
The method of 'VA sequence determines the template D} IA sequence. And electroph
oresis on the same gel plate as the former. The position of the DN A-RNA hybridizati
on band was observed by autoradiography to see which nucleotide position of the Dy
A nucleoside [1] acid ladder was equivalent, and the nucleotide type of the rnI2'V A t
erminal was known.
About Author
Creative Enzymes is a US-based biotech company that has rich expertise in enzyme
manufacturing, such as Catalase, Pectinase, Glucose Oxidase, for life science research
and production of medicines, food, alcohol, beer, fruit juice, fabric, paper, leather
goods, etc.