The document outlines essential equipment used in medical laboratories for diagnosing diseases, including pipettes, glassware, microscopes, and autoclaves. It discusses various analytical devices such as chemistry analyzers, centrifuges, hematology analyzers, and coagulation analyzers, which are used for testing clinical samples. Additionally, it highlights safety equipment like biosafety cabinets and tools for maintaining specific environmental conditions, such as incubators and water baths.

2. Basic Equipment Used in
Medical Laboratory
by
Haider Zaman
Medical Lab Technologist

3. Medical Laboratory
A clinical laboratory or medical laboratory is a
laboratory in which tests are done on clinical
specimens to get information about the health of
a patients on the basis of diagnosis.

4. Equipments
Different types of Tools are used in the lab for
diagnosing of diseases.

5. Pippets: used for delivering and transferring of small amount
of sample.

6. Glass wares

7. Function of Glasware
Glass slide & Cover slip:
Used to place specimens on to observe and cover
specimens on a microscope slide.

8. Cont.…
Culture Plate: Often used for microbiology studies.
Graduated Cylinder: Used to measure liquid
volume.
Beaker: Used to stir, heat and measure liquid
volume in ml.
Flask: Glassware used to heat and store substances

10. Cont.…
Filter paper: special paper used to separate solids
from liquids.

11. Microscope
Microscope used for investigating smallest
objects and structures.

12. Autoclaves
It can sterilize solids, liquids and instruments of various
shapes and sizes.

13. Chemistry Analyzers
Clinical chemistry analyzers run assays on clinical samples
such as blood serum, plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid to
detect the presence of analytes relating to disease. Analytes
commonly include enzymes, substrates, electrolytes, specific
proteins, drugs of abuse, and therapeutic drugs.

14. Centrifuge
A machine with a rapidly rotating container that applies
centrifugal force to its contents, typically to separate
fluids of different densities i.e liquids from solids.
And separation serum/plasma
from whole blood.

15. Hematology Analyzers
Hematology analyzers are used to run tests on blood
samples. They are used in the medical field to do white
blood cell counts, complete blood counts etc.

16. Incubators
Incubator is a device used to grow and maintain
microbiological cultures or cell cultures. The incubator
maintains optimal temperature, humidity and other
conditions such as the CO (CO2) and oxygen content of
the atmosphere inside.

17. Water Bath
A water bath is laboratory equipment made from
a container filled with heated water. It is used to
incubate samples in water at a constant
temperature over a long period of time.

18. Coagulation Analyzers
A coagulation analyzer can be used to measure
a coagulation pathway speed. A coagulation
analyzer is specifically designed to handle a
large number of patients, permitting the storage
up to 600 patient tests per well.

19. Ovens
These ovens generally provide uniform
temperatures. Process applications for laboratory
ovens can be for drying, sterilization etc.

20. blood mixture
The blood mixture is used for mixing of blood.

21. Refrigerators
Used for freezing and maintain the quality of
blood components in the lab also used for
freezing purposes.

22. Electrolyte Analyzer
Used for measuring of electrolyte levels in the
human body to detect metabolic imbalances and
measure renal and cardiac function.
The electrolytes measured include sodium (Na+),
potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-)

23. spectrophotometers
A spectrophotometer is an instrument that
measures the amount of photons (the intensity of
light) absorbed after it passes through sample
solution.

24. biosafety cabinet (BSC)
Biological safety cabinets (BSCs) are among the most
effective primary containment devices used in
laboratories working with infectious agents. They act as
primary barriers to prevent the escape of biological
aerosols into the laboratory environment.