Resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and breadboards are basic electronic components. Resistors limit current and divide voltage, and have color-coded bands to indicate resistance values. Capacitors store electric charge and are used in timing circuits. Diodes only allow current to flow in one direction, and are used in logic gates and rectifiers. Transistors amplify and switch signals, and have emitter, base, and collector terminals. Breadboards allow building temporary circuits without soldering for testing components.

1. http://aicra.ac.in
|BASIC CONCEPT OF ELECTRONICS|

2. Basic Components | Types
► Resistor
► Capacitor
► Diode
► Transistor
► BreadBoard

3. RESISTOR | Basic
► Resistors are used to limit current or divide voltage and in some cases, generate heat.
► Used for driving circuit which requires low current and voltage than available.
► A two terminal non- polarized component.

4. UNIT OF RESISTORS
► Unit of resistance is ohm.
► Notation for resistance
O- for ohm
K- for kilo ohm
M- for mega ohm

5. RESISTOR |Color Code Table

6. RESISTOR | Practical Use
► Series connection
► Parallel connection

7. CAPACITORS | Basic
► A two terminal electronic component which stores energy in form of charge.
► Capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge.
► A large capacitance means that more charge can be stored.

8. CAPACITOR | Types
► Polarized
Have specified positive and negative terminals.
► Non-polarized
No defined polarity for terminals.

9. PRACTICAL USES
► Used for making timer circuits, when used with resistance.
► Used in clipper, clamper circuit.
► Used for providing instantaneous large power as in flashlight of cameras.
► Used in DC filter circuits.

10. DIODES
► A two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.

11. ► LED ( light Emitting Diode).
LED

12. PHOTODIODE
► A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into current.
► The current is generated when photons are absorbed in the photodiode.

13. DIODES |Practical Uses
► Used for making Logic gates
► Used for making rectifiers
► Used as a switch
► LED as indicators
► Photodiodes as light detector

14. TRANSISTORS | Basic
► A transistor is a semiconductor device which is used to amplify and switch
electronic signals and electrical power.
► Transistors has three terminal: Emitter , Base , Collector.
► Transistors are of two type: NPN and PNP.

15. BREAD BOARD
► A breadboard is used to make up temporary circuits for testing or to try out an idea.
► No soldering is required so it is easy to change connections and replace components. Parts will not be
damaged so they will be available to re-use afterwards.
► Almost all the Electronics Club projects started life on a breadboard to check that the circuit worked as
intended.

16. BREADBOARD | Internal Connection
► The top and bottom rows are linked horizontally all the way across as shown by
the red and black lines on the diagram
► The other holes are linked vertically in blocks of 5 with no link across the centre
as shown by the blue lines on the diagram

17. Circuit Connection | SERIES

18. Circuit Connection | PARALLEL