CPR is a process of oxygenating heart, lung through external cardiac massage and artificial respiration until the definite medical treatment can restore the normal functioning of heart, lung and brain.
This document provides information about pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). It discusses why CPR is important for children, describing basic life support techniques including airway management, breathing, and circulation. It outlines pediatric CPR procedures such as chest compressions for infants and children. The document also reviews potential complications of CPR and important post-resuscitation care activities like monitoring and nursing interventions to address risks such as altered respiratory patterns or fluid imbalances. Family presence during resuscitation is also addressed.
This document provides information on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic life support. It discusses the components of CPR including chest compressions, rescue breathing, use of an automated external defibrillator, treatment of foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing CPR on adults, children and infants. The key steps of CPR are outlined as check for responsiveness, call for help, check breathing and pulse, then provide chest compressions and rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio until advanced medical help arrives.
The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) training. It begins with an introduction stating that BLS skills are vital for healthcare providers to learn and re-learn. The document then defines BLS and its key components, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), maintaining an open airway, and chest compressions. It provides guidance on performing CPR for adults, children, and infants. The document emphasizes the importance of early recognition of emergencies and prompt treatment, as well as following the proper techniques and timing for chest compressions. It concludes by noting some key points to remember when performing BLS, such as positioning oneself at the victim's side and avoiding obstructing the airway during
This document provides guidance on performing basic life support (BLS) for adults and children. It outlines the steps of BLS, including assessing the scene and victim for safety, checking for response, opening the airway, checking for breathing and circulation, calling for help, performing chest compressions and rescue breaths. It emphasizes the importance of high-quality chest compressions and notes differences in performing CPR on children versus adults. The document also discusses complications of CPR, the recovery position, and hands-only or compression-only CPR. The goal of BLS is to provide oxygenated blood flow to vital organs until more advanced medical help arrives.
This document provides guidance on performing basic life support (BLS) for adults and children. It outlines the steps of BLS, including assessing the scene and victim for safety, checking for response, opening the airway, checking for breathing and circulation, calling for help, performing chest compressions and rescue breaths, and positioning an unconscious breathing victim. Key differences between adult and pediatric BLS are highlighted, such as using two fingers to perform chest compressions on children. The importance of early CPR and defibrillation for cardiac arrest survival is emphasized. Complications of CPR are also reviewed.
CPR is a process of oxygenating heart, lung through external cardiac massage and artificial respiration until the definite medical treatment can restore the normal functioning of heart, lung and brain.
This document provides information about pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). It discusses why CPR is important for children, describing basic life support techniques including airway management, breathing, and circulation. It outlines pediatric CPR procedures such as chest compressions for infants and children. The document also reviews potential complications of CPR and important post-resuscitation care activities like monitoring and nursing interventions to address risks such as altered respiratory patterns or fluid imbalances. Family presence during resuscitation is also addressed.
This document provides information on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and basic life support. It discusses the components of CPR including chest compressions, rescue breathing, use of an automated external defibrillator, treatment of foreign body airway obstructions, and guidelines for performing CPR on adults, children and infants. The key steps of CPR are outlined as check for responsiveness, call for help, check breathing and pulse, then provide chest compressions and rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio until advanced medical help arrives.
The document provides information on basic life support (BLS) training. It begins with an introduction stating that BLS skills are vital for healthcare providers to learn and re-learn. The document then defines BLS and its key components, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), maintaining an open airway, and chest compressions. It provides guidance on performing CPR for adults, children, and infants. The document emphasizes the importance of early recognition of emergencies and prompt treatment, as well as following the proper techniques and timing for chest compressions. It concludes by noting some key points to remember when performing BLS, such as positioning oneself at the victim's side and avoiding obstructing the airway during
This document provides guidance on performing basic life support (BLS) for adults and children. It outlines the steps of BLS, including assessing the scene and victim for safety, checking for response, opening the airway, checking for breathing and circulation, calling for help, performing chest compressions and rescue breaths. It emphasizes the importance of high-quality chest compressions and notes differences in performing CPR on children versus adults. The document also discusses complications of CPR, the recovery position, and hands-only or compression-only CPR. The goal of BLS is to provide oxygenated blood flow to vital organs until more advanced medical help arrives.
This document provides guidance on performing basic life support (BLS) for adults and children. It outlines the steps of BLS, including assessing the scene and victim for safety, checking for response, opening the airway, checking for breathing and circulation, calling for help, performing chest compressions and rescue breaths, and positioning an unconscious breathing victim. Key differences between adult and pediatric BLS are highlighted, such as using two fingers to perform chest compressions on children. The importance of early CPR and defibrillation for cardiac arrest survival is emphasized. Complications of CPR are also reviewed.
CPR is a basic Technique to oxygenating the brain and Hearts until definite medical treatment can restore normal functioning of Heart.
INDICATIONS
Cardiac and Respiratory arrest
Co2 poisoning
Drug poisoning.
Types of CPR
1. BLS ( Basic life support)
2. ACLS ( Advanced cardiac life support)
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BLS AND ACLS
BLS can be used by general public and incorporates cpr with first aid and some time the use of AED.
ACLS IS generally use by medical professional only and permit thems to use medication to treat patients experiencing cardiac arrest
ACLS is basically an extended version of bls with more advanced methods for emergency care .
Causes of Cardiac and Respiratory arrest
Allergic reaction
Choking
Drug reaction or overdose
Exposure to cold
Stroke
Suffocation
Drowning
Electric shock
Smoke inhalation
Coma
Purpose of CPR
- To restore and maintain breathing and circulation and to provide oxygen and blood flow to the heart , brain and other vital organs.
- TO Prevent irreversible brain damage from anoxia
- To maintain an open and clear airways
-
-
Assessment
1) Apnea
2) Pulse
3) Unconsciousness
4) Cyanosis
5) Dilated pupil.
Sequence
1) Circulation
2) Airway
3) Breathing
Procedure
• Scene safety
• Recognition of cardiac arrest: check for responsiveness
No breathing or only gasping
Check for circulation : No definite pulse felt within 10 sec In carotid artery
• Activation of emergency response system
• Start compression:
1. The victim is on the horizontal supine position on a flat and hard surface
2. The rescuer should be position closed to the side of the victim ‘s chest
3. Location: four fingers above xiphoids process
4. Arms should be staright
5. Rescuer shoulders position directly over hands
6. Begin compression
7. Compression depth : at least 2inches ( 5cm)
8. Do not allows the fingers to touch the chest wall
9. Allow chest to rebound to normal position after each compression
10. Compression rate:100-120/Min
11. Check for sign of circulation every 3-5 Min
12. Compression ventilation ratio: is 30:2 irrespective of number of rescuer.
13. Exhalation occur between two breaths and during the first chest compression of the next cycle.
14. Perform four complete cycle and reassess for sign of breathing and circulation.
15. When Possible , Change CPR operator every 2min.
• Airway
Open the airway for breathing
1. HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT MANEUVER ( CERVICAL SPINE INJURY IS NOT A CONCERN)
2. JAW THRUST MANEUVER(CERVICAL SPINE INJURY IS SUSPECTED)
3. FINGER SWEEP MANEUVER
BREATHING
Mouth to mouth
mouth to mask
Ambu bag
Mouth to Neck Stoma
CPR Consist of six parts
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Drugs /defibrillation
Endocardial intubation
Fluids.
Drugs used in CPR
Epinephrine (Administered every three to five minutes early in CPR for asystole ,ventricular fibrillation)
Vasopressin (As an alternative to epinephrine every three to five minutes for asystole. bradycardia)
Atropine used for (Asystole) (Pulseless electrical activity)
CPR involves maintaining circulation and respiration through chest compressions and rescue breathing. It is performed when someone experiences cardiac arrest and their heart stops beating. The key steps of CPR are compressing the chest at a rate of 100-120 times per minute and providing two rescue breaths after every 30 compressions. Regular practice of CPR and immediate response in emergencies can help sustain vital organ function until advanced medical help arrives.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique used to manually preserve brain and heart function until further medical help arrives. It involves chest compressions to pump the heart and artificial breathing. Proper and timely CPR, within 4 minutes of cardiac arrest along with defibrillation within 10 minutes, can increase survival rates up to 40%. The key steps of CPR include checking for responsiveness, calling for help, giving 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths in an alternating cycle at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute for adults. For infants the technique differs, using 2 fingers to compress the chest at a rate of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. High quality CPR is critical for maximizing
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to manually maintain brain and heart function until further medical treatment can restore normal heart rhythm. CPR provides oxygen to vital organs by circulating blood through chest compressions that mimic the heart's pumping action and rescue breaths that oxygenate the blood. The key steps of CPR include checking for responsiveness, calling for help, opening the airway, checking breathing, performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute and giving rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio of compressions to breaths until emergency services arrive or the person starts breathing on their own again.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves restoring blood circulation and breathing in a person whose heart and breathing have stopped. It consists of chest compressions, opening the airway, and rescue breathing. The goals of CPR are to maintain blood circulation and oxygenation to the brain and heart until further medical treatment can restore normal heart function and breathing. It should be started immediately by anyone trained in CPR to maximize chances of survival, with an emphasis on uninterrupted chest compressions, until advanced medical help arrives.
1) Early recognition of cardiac arrest through checking for responsiveness, breathing, and pulse is key to survival.
2) The CPR sequence is now C-A-B - beginning with chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute, at least 2 inches deep for adults and 1/3 the depth of the chest for children and infants.
3) The chain of survival includes early recognition, early CPR, early defibrillation if indicated, and early advanced medical care to treat the underlying cause of the arrest.
This document discusses life support measures including basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS). BLS involves performing CPR, which includes chest compressions and rescue breaths. It is important to perform high-quality chest compressions that are fast, deep, and allow full chest recoil between compressions. An AED can be used to analyze heart rhythms and deliver shocks if needed. ALS uses additional equipment like airways and drugs to further support circulation and breathing. The goal of life support is to restore spontaneous breathing and circulation until more advanced medical help arrives.
The document summarizes new international guidelines on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from 2005. It discusses the importance of early CPR, the proper techniques for CPR including chest compressions and ventilations. It provides guidance on CPR protocols for adults, children, and infants. It also outlines the role of defibrillators in reviving someone in ventricular fibrillation and the proper use of automated external defibrillators.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used when a person's heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped. It involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to maintain circulation and oxygenation until medical help arrives. Basic life support (BLS) involves chest compressions, opening the airway, and rescue breathing without any equipment other than a face mask or shield. BLS aims to maintain circulation and oxygenation through chest compressions and rescue breathing until advanced life support can take over. Proper CPR technique is critical to maximize its effectiveness in saving lives.
CPR is a lifesaving technique used when a child's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves chest compressions, rescue breathing, and early defibrillation to restore spontaneous circulation. Bystander CPR within the first few minutes of cardiac arrest can dramatically improve survival rates. Overall survival rates for pediatric cardiac arrest are low at 6-15% for out of hospital arrests and 27% for in-hospital arrests. Advanced life support may include endotracheal intubation, intravenous access, fluid administration, and defibrillation with medications to treat underlying causes and optimize outcomes. The goals of CPR are to restore circulation and treat the underlying cause to maximize neurological recovery.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions and artificial ventilation to manually preserve brain function until spontaneous circulation and breathing can be restored in a person experiencing cardiac arrest. The document outlines the key steps and techniques for performing high-quality CPR, including establishing unresponsiveness, activating emergency services, providing chest compressions, opening the airway, delivering breaths, operating an automated external defibrillator, and modifying CPR for children and infants. Special considerations are also discussed for choking victims, pregnant patients, and those with potential neck or spine injuries.
BLS(basic life support) & ACLS with PALS by Dr. ShailendraShailendra Satpute
This document provides information on Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). It defines cardiac arrest, outlines its causes and types including ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, asystole, and pulseless electrical activity. It describes the signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest. It also summarizes the steps of BLS including chest compressions, airway management, rescue breathing, and defibrillation. Advanced techniques like intubation, use of laryngeal mask airways, endotracheal tubes, and automated external defibrillators are also outlined.
The document discusses cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care procedures. It defines CPR, basic life support (BLS), advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), and the indications and contraindications for their use. Key aspects of BLS covered include chest compressions, airway management, breathing, and defibrillation. Commonly used medications in ACLS like epinephrine, atropine, and amiodarone are also outlined. The document provides details on the steps of BLS, complications to watch for, and a nurse's responsibilities in caring for a patient after resuscitation.
This document provides information on basic life support (BLS) for adults and pediatrics. It outlines the steps for adult and pediatric BLS, including assessing responsiveness, calling for help, checking breathing and pulse, performing chest compressions and rescue breathing. It also describes how to perform BLS on adults and children experiencing choking. The key differences between adult and pediatric BLS include compression depth and rate, use of two fingers or encircling technique for infants, and back blows and chest thrusts for choking infants and children over 1 year old.
Basic Life Support, or BLS, generally refers to the type of care that first-responders, healthcare providers and public safety professionals provide to anyone who is experiencing cardiac arrest, respiratory distress or an obstructed airway. It requires knowledge and skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), using automated external defibrillators (AED) and relieving airway obstructions in patients of every age.
A presentation used to train medical professionals to perform BLS in emergency condition. it will provide a better understanding about the steps of BLS and the order in which it should be perfomed.
This document provides guidelines and information about basic life support (BLS) in Pahang, Malaysia. It discusses the history and evolution of CPR, challenges in performing high-quality CPR, and guidelines for performing CPR on adults, children, and infants. Key points covered include the importance of chest compressions, minimizing interruptions, compression-ventilation ratios for different age groups, foreign body airway obstruction treatment, and use of automated external defibrillators. The document is intended as a reference for emergency physicians and medical professionals in Pahang involved in BLS training and treatment.
Basic life support (BLS) involves providing chest compressions and rescue breathing to victims of cardiac arrest. It is crucial for sustaining life until advanced medical care can be provided. The primary survey in initial assessment follows the DRABC (danger, response, circulation, airway, breathing) protocol to assess safety, level of consciousness, breathing, and pulse. For an unresponsive victim without breathing or pulse, the rescuer should immediately call for help, retrieve an AED, and begin high-quality chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute with full chest recoil and minimal interruptions, paired with rescue breaths at a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio. CPR should continue until spontaneous
This document discusses the history and development of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques from the 18th century to present day. It outlines the key events and individuals that advanced CPR practices and guidelines over time. The document also provides detailed descriptions of adult, child, and infant CPR techniques including chest compression rates, ratios, depths, airway management, defibrillation, and special considerations. Nursing roles, diagnoses, and interventions related to CPR are summarized.
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CPR is a basic Technique to oxygenating the brain and Hearts until definite medical treatment can restore normal functioning of Heart.
INDICATIONS
Cardiac and Respiratory arrest
Co2 poisoning
Drug poisoning.
Types of CPR
1. BLS ( Basic life support)
2. ACLS ( Advanced cardiac life support)
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BLS AND ACLS
BLS can be used by general public and incorporates cpr with first aid and some time the use of AED.
ACLS IS generally use by medical professional only and permit thems to use medication to treat patients experiencing cardiac arrest
ACLS is basically an extended version of bls with more advanced methods for emergency care .
Causes of Cardiac and Respiratory arrest
Allergic reaction
Choking
Drug reaction or overdose
Exposure to cold
Stroke
Suffocation
Drowning
Electric shock
Smoke inhalation
Coma
Purpose of CPR
- To restore and maintain breathing and circulation and to provide oxygen and blood flow to the heart , brain and other vital organs.
- TO Prevent irreversible brain damage from anoxia
- To maintain an open and clear airways
-
-
Assessment
1) Apnea
2) Pulse
3) Unconsciousness
4) Cyanosis
5) Dilated pupil.
Sequence
1) Circulation
2) Airway
3) Breathing
Procedure
• Scene safety
• Recognition of cardiac arrest: check for responsiveness
No breathing or only gasping
Check for circulation : No definite pulse felt within 10 sec In carotid artery
• Activation of emergency response system
• Start compression:
1. The victim is on the horizontal supine position on a flat and hard surface
2. The rescuer should be position closed to the side of the victim ‘s chest
3. Location: four fingers above xiphoids process
4. Arms should be staright
5. Rescuer shoulders position directly over hands
6. Begin compression
7. Compression depth : at least 2inches ( 5cm)
8. Do not allows the fingers to touch the chest wall
9. Allow chest to rebound to normal position after each compression
10. Compression rate:100-120/Min
11. Check for sign of circulation every 3-5 Min
12. Compression ventilation ratio: is 30:2 irrespective of number of rescuer.
13. Exhalation occur between two breaths and during the first chest compression of the next cycle.
14. Perform four complete cycle and reassess for sign of breathing and circulation.
15. When Possible , Change CPR operator every 2min.
• Airway
Open the airway for breathing
1. HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT MANEUVER ( CERVICAL SPINE INJURY IS NOT A CONCERN)
2. JAW THRUST MANEUVER(CERVICAL SPINE INJURY IS SUSPECTED)
3. FINGER SWEEP MANEUVER
BREATHING
Mouth to mouth
mouth to mask
Ambu bag
Mouth to Neck Stoma
CPR Consist of six parts
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Drugs /defibrillation
Endocardial intubation
Fluids.
Drugs used in CPR
Epinephrine (Administered every three to five minutes early in CPR for asystole ,ventricular fibrillation)
Vasopressin (As an alternative to epinephrine every three to five minutes for asystole. bradycardia)
Atropine used for (Asystole) (Pulseless electrical activity)
CPR involves maintaining circulation and respiration through chest compressions and rescue breathing. It is performed when someone experiences cardiac arrest and their heart stops beating. The key steps of CPR are compressing the chest at a rate of 100-120 times per minute and providing two rescue breaths after every 30 compressions. Regular practice of CPR and immediate response in emergencies can help sustain vital organ function until advanced medical help arrives.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique used to manually preserve brain and heart function until further medical help arrives. It involves chest compressions to pump the heart and artificial breathing. Proper and timely CPR, within 4 minutes of cardiac arrest along with defibrillation within 10 minutes, can increase survival rates up to 40%. The key steps of CPR include checking for responsiveness, calling for help, giving 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths in an alternating cycle at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute for adults. For infants the technique differs, using 2 fingers to compress the chest at a rate of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. High quality CPR is critical for maximizing
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to manually maintain brain and heart function until further medical treatment can restore normal heart rhythm. CPR provides oxygen to vital organs by circulating blood through chest compressions that mimic the heart's pumping action and rescue breaths that oxygenate the blood. The key steps of CPR include checking for responsiveness, calling for help, opening the airway, checking breathing, performing chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute and giving rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio of compressions to breaths until emergency services arrive or the person starts breathing on their own again.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) involves restoring blood circulation and breathing in a person whose heart and breathing have stopped. It consists of chest compressions, opening the airway, and rescue breathing. The goals of CPR are to maintain blood circulation and oxygenation to the brain and heart until further medical treatment can restore normal heart function and breathing. It should be started immediately by anyone trained in CPR to maximize chances of survival, with an emphasis on uninterrupted chest compressions, until advanced medical help arrives.
1) Early recognition of cardiac arrest through checking for responsiveness, breathing, and pulse is key to survival.
2) The CPR sequence is now C-A-B - beginning with chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute, at least 2 inches deep for adults and 1/3 the depth of the chest for children and infants.
3) The chain of survival includes early recognition, early CPR, early defibrillation if indicated, and early advanced medical care to treat the underlying cause of the arrest.
This document discusses life support measures including basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS). BLS involves performing CPR, which includes chest compressions and rescue breaths. It is important to perform high-quality chest compressions that are fast, deep, and allow full chest recoil between compressions. An AED can be used to analyze heart rhythms and deliver shocks if needed. ALS uses additional equipment like airways and drugs to further support circulation and breathing. The goal of life support is to restore spontaneous breathing and circulation until more advanced medical help arrives.
The document summarizes new international guidelines on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from 2005. It discusses the importance of early CPR, the proper techniques for CPR including chest compressions and ventilations. It provides guidance on CPR protocols for adults, children, and infants. It also outlines the role of defibrillators in reviving someone in ventricular fibrillation and the proper use of automated external defibrillators.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used when a person's heart has stopped beating and breathing has stopped. It involves chest compressions and rescue breathing to maintain circulation and oxygenation until medical help arrives. Basic life support (BLS) involves chest compressions, opening the airway, and rescue breathing without any equipment other than a face mask or shield. BLS aims to maintain circulation and oxygenation through chest compressions and rescue breathing until advanced life support can take over. Proper CPR technique is critical to maximize its effectiveness in saving lives.
CPR is a lifesaving technique used when a child's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves chest compressions, rescue breathing, and early defibrillation to restore spontaneous circulation. Bystander CPR within the first few minutes of cardiac arrest can dramatically improve survival rates. Overall survival rates for pediatric cardiac arrest are low at 6-15% for out of hospital arrests and 27% for in-hospital arrests. Advanced life support may include endotracheal intubation, intravenous access, fluid administration, and defibrillation with medications to treat underlying causes and optimize outcomes. The goals of CPR are to restore circulation and treat the underlying cause to maximize neurological recovery.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions and artificial ventilation to manually preserve brain function until spontaneous circulation and breathing can be restored in a person experiencing cardiac arrest. The document outlines the key steps and techniques for performing high-quality CPR, including establishing unresponsiveness, activating emergency services, providing chest compressions, opening the airway, delivering breaths, operating an automated external defibrillator, and modifying CPR for children and infants. Special considerations are also discussed for choking victims, pregnant patients, and those with potential neck or spine injuries.
BLS(basic life support) & ACLS with PALS by Dr. ShailendraShailendra Satpute
This document provides information on Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). It defines cardiac arrest, outlines its causes and types including ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, asystole, and pulseless electrical activity. It describes the signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest. It also summarizes the steps of BLS including chest compressions, airway management, rescue breathing, and defibrillation. Advanced techniques like intubation, use of laryngeal mask airways, endotracheal tubes, and automated external defibrillators are also outlined.
The document discusses cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care procedures. It defines CPR, basic life support (BLS), advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), and the indications and contraindications for their use. Key aspects of BLS covered include chest compressions, airway management, breathing, and defibrillation. Commonly used medications in ACLS like epinephrine, atropine, and amiodarone are also outlined. The document provides details on the steps of BLS, complications to watch for, and a nurse's responsibilities in caring for a patient after resuscitation.
This document provides information on basic life support (BLS) for adults and pediatrics. It outlines the steps for adult and pediatric BLS, including assessing responsiveness, calling for help, checking breathing and pulse, performing chest compressions and rescue breathing. It also describes how to perform BLS on adults and children experiencing choking. The key differences between adult and pediatric BLS include compression depth and rate, use of two fingers or encircling technique for infants, and back blows and chest thrusts for choking infants and children over 1 year old.
Basic Life Support, or BLS, generally refers to the type of care that first-responders, healthcare providers and public safety professionals provide to anyone who is experiencing cardiac arrest, respiratory distress or an obstructed airway. It requires knowledge and skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), using automated external defibrillators (AED) and relieving airway obstructions in patients of every age.
A presentation used to train medical professionals to perform BLS in emergency condition. it will provide a better understanding about the steps of BLS and the order in which it should be perfomed.
This document provides guidelines and information about basic life support (BLS) in Pahang, Malaysia. It discusses the history and evolution of CPR, challenges in performing high-quality CPR, and guidelines for performing CPR on adults, children, and infants. Key points covered include the importance of chest compressions, minimizing interruptions, compression-ventilation ratios for different age groups, foreign body airway obstruction treatment, and use of automated external defibrillators. The document is intended as a reference for emergency physicians and medical professionals in Pahang involved in BLS training and treatment.
Basic life support (BLS) involves providing chest compressions and rescue breathing to victims of cardiac arrest. It is crucial for sustaining life until advanced medical care can be provided. The primary survey in initial assessment follows the DRABC (danger, response, circulation, airway, breathing) protocol to assess safety, level of consciousness, breathing, and pulse. For an unresponsive victim without breathing or pulse, the rescuer should immediately call for help, retrieve an AED, and begin high-quality chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 per minute with full chest recoil and minimal interruptions, paired with rescue breaths at a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio. CPR should continue until spontaneous
This document discusses the history and development of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques from the 18th century to present day. It outlines the key events and individuals that advanced CPR practices and guidelines over time. The document also provides detailed descriptions of adult, child, and infant CPR techniques including chest compression rates, ratios, depths, airway management, defibrillation, and special considerations. Nursing roles, diagnoses, and interventions related to CPR are summarized.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
5. • For any serious patient
Prevent cardiac arrest
Give O (OXYGEN)
Apply M (MONITOR)
Take I (IV Line )
Record V (RECORD VITALS)
and act accordingly
A patient with
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Low blood pressure
Decreased level of consciousness
Clinical shock
is serious.
6. Why is this so important?
• Ischemic Heart Disease is the leading cause
of death in the world.
• 1 in 3 deaths is cardiovascular.
• Most victims will die without immediate
and appropriate intervention.
10. • If arrest time is < 6 minutes & CPR time is < 30 minutes,
there is 50% chance of good neurological recovery.
SO, BE QUICK & ENERGETIC
• Goal is to start CPR within 5 minutes of arrest.
SO, BYSTANDER CPR IS MUST.
• Looking to the importance of bystander CPR.
TEACH & TRAIN TO EVEN THE PARAMEDICS
• Cardiac Arrest Management is a team work.
SO, CALL FOR HELP IN THE BEGINNING
BUT DON’T WAIT FOR HELP
THINGS TO REMEMBER
11. • CPR is only a temporary method, identification of
underlying cause & its effective management is the
basis of successful management.
• INTRACARDIAC ADRENALINE IS NOT
RECOMMENDED.
• Keep yourself updated with the latest advances in
the field.
THINGS TO REMEMBER
12. • Unconsciousness.
• Absence of pulse.
• Gasping/ Respiratory arrest.
Pupillary size has prognostic significance
SIGNS OF CARDIAC ARREST
15. Look around to see if it is
safe to approach(safety)
Tap the victim’s shoulder
and shout “Are you okay?”
Check to see if the victim
is breathing by looking at
their chest. If they are not
breathing, or not breathing
normally (only gasping)
19. How to check the carotid
• Turn the face laterally to relax sternocledomastoid.
• Place your index and middle fingers on your neck to
the side of your trachea.
• At the level of cricoid cartilage.
• At least 5 s but Not more than 10 s.
20. Lower half of sternum
On the centre of chest
Hard and fast at least 5 cm depth,
100 to 120/min (30:2)
Equal compression and relaxation
BLS: Circulation
.
Start quality External cardiac massage
21. How to give compressions?
• Patient should be supine and on hard surface.
• Position of rescuer should be higher than the
patient so adequate leverage can be generated.
• Chest compressions should be given with the heel
of hand with interlocking both the hands.
• Rate should be 100-120/m.
• Compression and relaxation should be equal.
22. Basic Life Support
Compression Fraction :
• The amount of time spent providing
compressions
• May also be called “compression ratio”
• Goal: At least 80% !
23. BLS:Airway
Clear airway – Suctioning & removal
of FB if any
Open Airway– Head tilt and Chin lift.
Jaw thrust if Cervical
spine injury
25. Fingers: jaw thrust upward Fingers: head tilt–chin lift
Airway
If all else fails open the airway with Head Tilt/Chin Lift
26. BLS:Breathing
Via mouth, barrier device or bag-valve-mask.
Check breathing and start artificial breathing with AMBU bag
if no breathing (30:2) for single rescuer.
8 to 10 /min – inspiration over 1 sec for two or more rescuers.
28. •Open the airway adequately
•Pinch the nose
•Take a normal breath
•Place lips over mouth
•Blow until the chest rises
•Take about 1 second
•Allow chest to fall
•Provide two breathes
•Then continue CPR 30:2
34. AEDs and
Ventricular Fibrillation
• VF is the most frequent initial rhythm in sudden
cardiac arrest
• VF is a useless quivering of the heart that results
in no blood flow
• Defibrillation is the only
effective treatment for VF
• Successful electrical
defibrillation diminishes
rapidly over time
35. Electrical Therapies
• Witnessed arrest should receive AED as
quickly as possible.
• Un-witnessed, the rescuer should provide 5
cycles of CPR prior to AED to hyperoxygenate
the heart prior to electrical therapy
41. • Check the power supply
• Check that leads are properly connected to
the patients and to the monitor
• Confirm the flat line in at least two leads on
the monitor.
• Increase amplitude / gain
Flat line protocol
42. Age 1 to 8 years-
use heel of one hand for cardiac compression.
30 : 2 ratio ( with advance airway, ventilation 10 to 12/ min. & compression
atleast 100/min.)
Use paediatric pads for defibrillation with 2 joule /Kg current.
New born -
2 finger or thumb technique for cardiac compression
15:2 ratio ( with advance airway, ventilation 20 to 30/ min. & compression
atleast 100/min.)
CPR
differences in new born and paediatric patient
from 1 to 8 years of age
45. Comparison of Chest Compression Techniques
Thumb Technique (Preferred)
– Less tiring
– Better control of compression depth
Two-Finger Technique
– More convenient with only one rescuer
– Better for small hands
– Provides access to umbilicus for medications
46.
47.
48.
49. • Before resident doctors in any discipline, you are a
qualified MBBS doctor.
• Providing quality CPR with BLS and ACLS is your
primary responsibility
Thanks
Take home massage