A barium meal is an x-ray imaging test used to examine the stomach and duodenum for abnormalities like ulcers or tumors. It involves drinking barium sulfate suspension and taking x-ray images. It is indicated when investigating unexplained weight loss, dyspepsia, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Contraindications include complete bowel obstruction or suspected perforation. There are three types - single, double, and bi-phasic contrast. The test is extremely safe and noninvasive, and allows accurate evaluation of the upper GI tract. It can detect conditions like erosive gastritis, hiatal hernia, or pyloric stenosis.

1. Case study

2. After
History Taking
Abdominal Examination
PEPTIC ULCER!!
SO, what is the next STEP

3. BARIUM MEAL
Normal vs Abnormal

4. OBJECTIVE
- Definition
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Advantages vs Disadvantages
- Types
- Patient preparation
- Normal vs abnormal images
- Summary
- References

5. DEFINTION
AIMS To look for problems in the stomach and duodenum by
drinking barium sulfate suspension, then X-ray series of images are
taken. It is often performed straight after a barium swallow test.
ID It is a type of x-ray fluoroscopy study of
gastroesophageal junction, stomach and
duodenum abnormalities.

6. Indications
Dyspepsia Reflux diseases
Unexplained weight loss
Upper abdominal mass
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Partial gastric or duodenal obstruction
Suspected hiatus hernia

7. CONTRAINDICATIONS
Complete bowl obstruction
Suspected perforation
Pregnancy

8. Extremely safe
Noninvasive
The results of the upper
GI series usually lead to
accurate evaluation
Allergic reactions are
extremely rare
No radiation remains in a
patient's body
Rare side effects
ADVANTAGES vs DISADJANTAGES
In GENERAL
Slight chance of cancer
from excessive exposure
to radiation
Occasionally allergy to
the flavoring added to
some brands of barium
Slight chance that some
barium could be retained,
and block the digestive
system.

9. SINGLE contrast Using HIGH density and BIG amount
of BARIUM suspension alone to fill the stomach and
duodenum
TYPES
DOUBLE contrast Using with LOW density and
SMALL amount of BARIUM suspension with AIR to coat the
wall of stomach and duodenum
BI-PHASIC contrast It combines Both types in one
procedure

10. PATIENT PREPARATION

11. NORMAL BARIUM MEAL
SINGLE contrast DOUBLE contrast

12. ABNORMAL
BARIUM MEAL

13. EROSIVE GASTRITIS
INFILTRATIVA CARCINOMA

14. MALIGNANT GASTRIC ULCER
HIATUS HERNIA

15. GASTRITIS DIVERTICULUM
GASTRITIS VALVULUS

16. PYLORIC STENOSIS
DEUDENAL ULCER

17. - BARIUM MEAL a type of x-ray fluoroscopy study of
gastroesophageal junction, stomach and duodenum
- It is INDICATED in case of upper GI abnormalities like tumor,
ulcer and partial obstruction
- CONTRAINDICATED in case of complete obstruction of
perforation
- Extremely SAFE
3 TYPES are used (single, double and biphasic)
SUMMARY

18. https://www.rnzcgp.org.nz/assets/documents/Publications/Archive-
NZFP/Oct-2001-NZFP-Vol-28-No-5/gys.PDF
http://www.patient.co.uk/health/barium-swallowmealfollow-through
http://www.bupa.co.uk/health-information/directory/b/barium-swallow-and-
meal
https://www.med-
ed.virginia.edu/courses/rad/gi/smallbowel/im02/sbft01.htm
http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=uppergi
http://www.mydr.com.au/tests-investigations/barium-swallow-and-barium-
meal-tests
REFERANCES