The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global program launched by the WHO and UNICEF in 1992 to promote breastfeeding. A maternity facility can be designated "baby-friendly" by implementing 10 steps to support breastfeeding, including practicing rooming-in, not providing breastmilk substitutes, having a written breastfeeding policy, fostering breastfeeding support groups, informing mothers about breastfeeding benefits, and training staff in breastfeeding support. The document also provides a mnemonic ("PGWFISHNET") to help memorize the 10 steps.
This slides contain description about breast feeding, anatomy of breast, types of human milk, good position for latching, holding for the baby, advantages of breast feeding, contraindication of breast feeding, barriers and problems associated with breast feeding with their management
This slides contain description about breast feeding, anatomy of breast, types of human milk, good position for latching, holding for the baby, advantages of breast feeding, contraindication of breast feeding, barriers and problems associated with breast feeding with their management
kindly give your comments and likes if you likes and share it to the other, and follow my link. this include the 10 steps of baby friendly hospital initiatives.
kindly give your comments and likes if you likes and share it to the other, and follow my link. this include the 10 steps of baby friendly hospital initiatives.
Healthy Mothers Healthy Babies
2014 Annual Meeting & Conference
October 7th, 2014
Presented by: Elizabeth Lee McWilliams, BSN, RN, IBCLC Medical Center, Navicent Health Macon, GA
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative is required in every hospital for effective nursing care to child with support and cooperation by parents and child. It is also known as the BFHI.
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Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
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Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
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2. The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI),
also known as Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI), is a
worldwide programme of the World Health
Organization and UNICEF, launched in 1992 in
India following the adoption of the Innocenti
Declaration on breastfeeding promotion in
1990.
A maternity facility can be designated 'baby-
friendly' when it does not accept free or low-
cost breast milk substitutes, feeding bottles or
teats, and has implemented 10 specific steps to
support successful breastfeeding.
2Alam Nuzhathalam
3. Alam Nuzhathalam 3
Code word for memorizing
BFHI 10 Steps easily
(PGW) Pretty Girl Wearing FISHNET(Stockings)
PGWFISHNET
○ Step 1 : P - PRACTICE
○ Step 2 : G - GIVE
○ Step 3 : W - WRITTEN
○ Step 4 : F - FOSTER
○ Step 5 : I - INFORM
○ Step 6 : S - SHOW
○ Step 7 : H - HELP
○ Step 8 : N - NO
○ Step 9 : E - ENCOURAGE
○ Step 10:T - TRAIN
4. 1. Practice rooming in – allow mothers and
infants to remain together 24 hours a day
4Alam Nuzhathalam
5. 2. Give infant no food or drink other than
breast-milk, unless medically indicated.
5Alam Nuzhathalam
6. 3. Written breastfeeding policy that is routinely
communicated to all health care staff
6Alam Nuzhathalam
7. 4. Foster the establishment of breastfeeding
support groups and refer mothers to them on
discharge from the hospital or birth center
7Alam Nuzhathalam
8. 5. Inform all pregnant women about the
benefits and management of breastfeeding
8Alam Nuzhathalam
9. 6. Show mothers how to breastfeed and
how to maintain lactation, even if they
are separated from their infants.
9Alam Nuzhathalam
10. 7. Help mothers initiate breastfeeding
within one hour of birth.
10Alam Nuzhathalam
11. 8. No pacifiers or artificial
nipples to breastfeeding infants.
11Alam Nuzhathalam