Azolla cultivation.......!
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•8,412 views
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Azolla ppt
Azolla is an aquatic fern that fixes atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with cyanobacteria. It can be cultivated for use as a green manure in rice production systems. When applied to rice fields, azolla increases soil nitrogen levels and can reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizer by 30-40%, while increasing rice yields by 20-30%. Azolla contains 5% nitrogen and other nutrients and grows rapidly, multiplying to form a thick mat. It is usually applied to rice fields as a green manure before transplanting rice or grown together with rice in a dual cropping system to supply nitrogen over the growth period.
Soil testing for n,p,k
This document provides instructions for properly taking and testing a soil sample to determine soil nutrient levels. It explains that soil samples should be taken before planting, fertilizing, or harvesting. The testing procedures described check nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, and pH levels. Results are used to suggest customized fertilizer doses based on whether soil nutrients are low, medium, or high to ensure balanced amounts for healthy crop growth.
Azolla event talk june 2014 part 2
Part two of a two part talk describing a remarkable event that occurred in the Arctic 50 million years ago, when a unique floating freshwater plant called Azolla repeatedly covered the surface of the ocean for almost a million years. Due to its phenomenal growth, Azolla sequestered enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, and changed the Earth's climate from a greenhouse world towards our modern icehouse climate with its permanent ice and snow at both poles. 'The Arctic Azolla Event' was discovered by the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) when it recovered sediments beneath the North Pole in 2004. The discovery was featured in the New York Times (November 20, 2004) and National Geographic (May 2005), and its validity has now been confirmed by international teams of scientists who have investigated and published on the cores, including a series of papers in the scientific journal ‘Nature’.
Biofertilizers
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are defined as biologically active products containing microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and fungi. It describes several common types of biofertilizers such as Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and blue-green algae, explaining their benefits like nitrogen fixation and promoting plant growth. The document also covers the production, use, and marketing of biofertilizers in India, noting their role in supplementing chemical fertilizers in an integrated nutrient management system to increase crop yields in a sustainable way.
Biofertilizer
Biofertilizers contain living microorganisms that colonize plant roots and soil to promote plant growth. They do this through natural processes like nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and stimulating plant growth with substances. There are several types of biofertilizers including bacterial (Rhizobium, Azotobacter), fungal (VAM), and algal biofertilizers. They help increase soil fertility and nutrient supply to plants, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Mass production of biofertilizers involves growing the microorganisms in large quantities and mixing them with a carrier for storage and application to soil and plants.
AZOLLA – A sustainable feed substitute for livestock
The document discusses Azolla, a small floating fern that is a sustainable feed substitute for livestock. Azolla is rich in proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals and has high protein content of 25-35%. Feeding trials replacing parts of commercial feed with Azolla showed increased milk production, quality of milk, and growth and egg production in poultry. The document outlines a low-cost method for mass producing Azolla using silpauline sheets and provides nutritional comparisons of Azolla to other feed crops. It concludes that Azolla can be an ideal feed substitute and its cultivation needs to be more widely adopted in India.
The Azolla Event
- Around 50 million years ago, the Arctic region was a warm temperate forest rather than today's frozen landscape. This was due to much higher CO2 levels during a period known as the Eocene hothouse.
- A tiny aquatic fern called Azolla that grew in the Arctic's freshwater lakes and rivers is theorized to have caused global cooling. Azolla absorbed large amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere, eventually storing it in peat deposits on the lake and sea floors.
- Within 800,000 years of the "Azolla Event", CO2 levels dropped by over 75%, Antarctic ice sheets formed, and global temperatures declined, marking the transition to today's cooler "Icehouse Earth" climate
Azolla event talk june 2014 part 1
Part one of a two part talk describing a remarkable event that occurred in the Arctic 50 million years ago, when a unique floating freshwater plant called Azolla repeatedly covered the surface of the ocean for almost a million years. Due to its phenomenal growth, Azolla sequestered enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, and changed the Earth's climate from a greenhouse world towards our modern icehouse climate with its permanent ice and snow at both poles. 'The Arctic Azolla Event' was discovered by the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) when it recovered sediments beneath the North Pole in 2004. The discovery was featured in the New York Times (November 20, 2004) and National Geographic (May 2005), and its validity has now been confirmed by international teams of scientists who have investigated and published on the cores, including a series of papers in the scientific journal ‘Nature’.
Recommended
Azolla ppt
Azolla is an aquatic fern that fixes atmospheric nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with cyanobacteria. It can be cultivated for use as a green manure in rice production systems. When applied to rice fields, azolla increases soil nitrogen levels and can reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizer by 30-40%, while increasing rice yields by 20-30%. Azolla contains 5% nitrogen and other nutrients and grows rapidly, multiplying to form a thick mat. It is usually applied to rice fields as a green manure before transplanting rice or grown together with rice in a dual cropping system to supply nitrogen over the growth period.
Soil testing for n,p,k
This document provides instructions for properly taking and testing a soil sample to determine soil nutrient levels. It explains that soil samples should be taken before planting, fertilizing, or harvesting. The testing procedures described check nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, and pH levels. Results are used to suggest customized fertilizer doses based on whether soil nutrients are low, medium, or high to ensure balanced amounts for healthy crop growth.
Azolla event talk june 2014 part 2
Part two of a two part talk describing a remarkable event that occurred in the Arctic 50 million years ago, when a unique floating freshwater plant called Azolla repeatedly covered the surface of the ocean for almost a million years. Due to its phenomenal growth, Azolla sequestered enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, and changed the Earth's climate from a greenhouse world towards our modern icehouse climate with its permanent ice and snow at both poles. 'The Arctic Azolla Event' was discovered by the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) when it recovered sediments beneath the North Pole in 2004. The discovery was featured in the New York Times (November 20, 2004) and National Geographic (May 2005), and its validity has now been confirmed by international teams of scientists who have investigated and published on the cores, including a series of papers in the scientific journal ‘Nature’.
Biofertilizers
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are defined as biologically active products containing microorganisms like bacteria, algae, and fungi. It describes several common types of biofertilizers such as Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and blue-green algae, explaining their benefits like nitrogen fixation and promoting plant growth. The document also covers the production, use, and marketing of biofertilizers in India, noting their role in supplementing chemical fertilizers in an integrated nutrient management system to increase crop yields in a sustainable way.
Biofertilizer
Biofertilizers contain living microorganisms that colonize plant roots and soil to promote plant growth. They do this through natural processes like nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and stimulating plant growth with substances. There are several types of biofertilizers including bacterial (Rhizobium, Azotobacter), fungal (VAM), and algal biofertilizers. They help increase soil fertility and nutrient supply to plants, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Mass production of biofertilizers involves growing the microorganisms in large quantities and mixing them with a carrier for storage and application to soil and plants.
AZOLLA – A sustainable feed substitute for livestock
The document discusses Azolla, a small floating fern that is a sustainable feed substitute for livestock. Azolla is rich in proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals and has high protein content of 25-35%. Feeding trials replacing parts of commercial feed with Azolla showed increased milk production, quality of milk, and growth and egg production in poultry. The document outlines a low-cost method for mass producing Azolla using silpauline sheets and provides nutritional comparisons of Azolla to other feed crops. It concludes that Azolla can be an ideal feed substitute and its cultivation needs to be more widely adopted in India.
The Azolla Event
- Around 50 million years ago, the Arctic region was a warm temperate forest rather than today's frozen landscape. This was due to much higher CO2 levels during a period known as the Eocene hothouse.
- A tiny aquatic fern called Azolla that grew in the Arctic's freshwater lakes and rivers is theorized to have caused global cooling. Azolla absorbed large amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere, eventually storing it in peat deposits on the lake and sea floors.
- Within 800,000 years of the "Azolla Event", CO2 levels dropped by over 75%, Antarctic ice sheets formed, and global temperatures declined, marking the transition to today's cooler "Icehouse Earth" climate
Azolla event talk june 2014 part 1
Part one of a two part talk describing a remarkable event that occurred in the Arctic 50 million years ago, when a unique floating freshwater plant called Azolla repeatedly covered the surface of the ocean for almost a million years. Due to its phenomenal growth, Azolla sequestered enormous quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, and changed the Earth's climate from a greenhouse world towards our modern icehouse climate with its permanent ice and snow at both poles. 'The Arctic Azolla Event' was discovered by the Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) when it recovered sediments beneath the North Pole in 2004. The discovery was featured in the New York Times (November 20, 2004) and National Geographic (May 2005), and its validity has now been confirmed by international teams of scientists who have investigated and published on the cores, including a series of papers in the scientific journal ‘Nature’.
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...SRI-Rice, Dept. of Global Development, CALS, Cornell University
Title: Development of integrated rice-azolla-duck-fish farming systems with SRI methods for rice production in the Mekong River region, Vietnam
Presenter: Nghia Nguyen Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture & Applied Biology, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
Venue: Cornell University
Date: July 1, 2015DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHOROUS IN SOIL
This document discusses methods for determining available phosphorus in soil. There are two main methods - Bray's method for acid soils, which uses ammonium fluoride and hydrochloric acid to extract phosphorus, and Olsen's method for neutral/alkaline soils, which uses sodium bicarbonate. The extracted phosphorus reacts with ammonium molybdate in an acid solution to form a blue complex, the intensity of which can be measured to determine phosphorus concentration. Proper extraction and color development procedures are outlined to accurately quantify available phosphorus in soil samples.
Biofertilizer Production and Application
The document provides a manual on biofertilizer production and application, describing methods to evaluate microbial activity in soils, carriers for biofertilizers, inoculant production for rhizobia and other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and quality control procedures. It was published by the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia to support the development and use of biofertilizers as an environmentally-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers.
BIO FERTILIZER
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are substances containing living microorganisms that promote plant growth when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil. It describes different types of biofertilizers including nitrogen-fixing, compost, and phosphate solubilizing biofertilizers. The document discusses the morphology, physiology, and recommended crops for specific nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Rhizobium, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter. It also outlines the process for making biofertilizers including selecting carrier materials, sterilizing, and inoculating seeds or soil. The advantages and potential of biofertilizers are that they can increase yields while protecting the environment and soil fertility compared to chemical
Total digestive nutrients(TDN)
This slideshow explains about what is TDN Total Digestive Nutrients for fodder management of dairy animals
Importance of food preservation
This document describes importance of food preservation.
It clears basic concepts regarding factors responsible for food spoiling and importance of preserving food products
final presentation Zangos
The document describes research into controlling the reproductive cycle of Azolla filiculoides, a small aquatic fern. Through next-generation sequencing of small RNA libraries from Azolla under different conditions, 15 conserved microRNAs were discovered, including miR156 and miR172. While miR172 was not found, miR156 and miR172 are known to regulate flowering time in plants and their presence in Azolla suggests they may play a role in controlling sporulation. Quantification of small RNA sequencing data found that miR156 and miR172 are present in Azolla.
Mycorrhizal association
Mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships with the roots of most plant species. They help plants absorb water and mineral nutrients from soil in exchange for carbohydrates. There are two main types of mycorrhizal associations - ectomycorrhizas, which cover tree roots with a sheath and branching structures, and endomycorrhizas, whose thread-like structures penetrate root cells. Mycorrhizal fungi play an important ecological role in nutrient cycling, plant community development, and soil health.
Mycorrhizae SLIDESHARE
This document discusses different types of mycorrhizal associations between fungi and plant roots. The main types discussed are ectomycorrhizae, arbuscular mycorrhizae, orchid mycorrhizae, ericoid mycorrhizae, arbutoid mycorrhizae, and monotropoid mycorrhizae. These associations are typically mutualistic, with fungi helping plants uptake nutrients and water, and plants providing fungi with carbohydrates. Ectomycorrhizal fungi form sheaths around roots and penetrate the cortex, while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form structures called arbuscules and vesicles within root cells.
Mycorrhizae
This document provides information about mycorrhizae, which is a symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots. It defines mycorrhizae and describes the two main types: ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. Ectomycorrhizae are formed between fungi and the roots of about 10% of plant families, mainly woody plants. They involve a fungal sheath surrounding the root. Endomycorrhizae penetrate the root cells and include arbuscular mycorrhizae, the most common type, characterized by structures called arbuscules and vesicles. The relationship benefits both the plant, which receives increased nutrient and water absorption, and the fungus, which receives
Production of Biofertilizers
Certain soil microorganisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen and solubilize phosphates, making them available to plants and important as biofertilizers. Rhizobium bacteria live in root nodules of legumes and fix nitrogen, while phosphate solubilizing microorganisms make insoluble phosphorus soluble for plant uptake. These microorganisms are isolated from soil and grown in culture to produce biofertilizer formulations that can be mixed with seeds or soil to increase crop yields and reduce use of chemical fertilizers. The document describes methods for mass producing, formulating and applying several types of biofertilizers containing nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms.
Biofertilizers-importance and uses
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are microorganisms that help plants grow by increasing nutrient availability. It describes how biofertilizers fix atmospheric nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and produce plant hormones. Specific microorganisms are identified for their roles in nitrogen fixation (rhizobia, cyanobacteria, azospirillum), phosphorus solubilization (pseudomonas, bacillus), and plant growth promotion (pseudomonas). The document concludes that biofertilizers improve soil health and crop yields in a sustainable way without residual effects like chemical fertilizers.
Mango jam preparation
This document provides instructions for making mango jam, including a list of ingredients (mango pulp, sugar, water, citric acid), equipment needed (grinder, knife, pot, bottle, stove, stirrer), and steps for the process. The process involves grinding mango pulp, mixing it with sugar, citric acid and water, cooking the mixture at 102-105 degrees C until it thickens, then allowing it to cool before packing it into bottles.
Building Quality Structures
This presentation throws light on some important facts which should be taken into consideration while building any structure to improve its quality.
Checking of haemoglobin level
This document provides instructions for measuring hemoglobin levels using a hemoglobinometer. It lists the required materials which include 0.1N HCL, distilled water, blood sample, pipette, test tube, hemoglobinometer, dropper, brush, and lancet. It then provides a 9 step process for taking a blood sample from the finger, mixing it with HCL in a test tube, and using the hemoglobinometer and distilled water to match the color and determine the hemoglobin level reading. Finally, it lists precautions such as using a separate lancet for each person and taking the reading in bright light.
Soil testing in Marathi
This is an Marathi PowerPoint which gives information about soil testing in which it explains procedure of testing NPK, Ph, etc....!
Importance of food preservation
This document discusses food preservation. It defines food preservation as a process that prevents food and vegetables from spoiling while also preserving their color, taste, and nutritive values. This allows food products to last for long periods of time and increases their shelf life. Different types of foods like fruits, vegetables, and meat are classified as perishable, while processed foods like cheese and ice cream are semi-perishable and can last up to two months. Shelf-stable foods like grains can last over six months. Food preservation allows people to enjoy different types of foods in any season, eat foods not available in their local area, and easily store food without worry.
Application of fertilizers and calculation of fertilizers dose
This document discusses different methods for applying fertilizers:
Banding involves placing fertilizer in bands below and to the sides of seeds. Sidedressing places fertilizer bands after seedling emergence. Topdressing mixes fertilizer into the top soil layers. Perforating involves placing fertilizer in holes drilled around trees. Broadcasting spreads fertilizer over the entire area. Foliar spraying applies nutrients directly to leaves. Fertigation incorporates soluble fertilizer into irrigation systems. The method used should be practical and cost-effective while ensuring nutrient availability.
Profit and loss
Mr. Patil started a poultry business with 102 birds with an initial investment of Rs. 5,000. In the first month, 7 birds died and expenses totaled Rs. 2,040. With 95 remaining birds averaging 1.8 kg each and selling at Rs. 15/kg, sales totaled Rs. 2,565. By subtracting expenses from sales, Mr. Patil made a profit of Rs. 525 in the first month. In a second scenario where 40 birds died instead of 7, students are assigned to recalculate the profit or loss.
Determination age of animal with help of teeth ppt 1
This document discusses determining the age of various animals based on their teeth. It provides a table listing the average age of common animals like cows, goats, sheep, dogs and more. It then explains how to estimate the age of calves and oxen by counting their milk and permanent teeth. Charts are included showing the teeth development and typical number of teeth for cows/oxen and goats at different ages to help estimate their age. Video clips of examining the teeth of oxen, buffaloes, cows and goats are also referenced for demonstration purposes.
Fertilizer types
This document discusses different types of fertilizers:
- Straight fertilizers contain a single nutrient, while mix fertilizers contain two or more nutrients.
- Complete fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while incomplete fertilizers are missing at least one of these primary nutrients.
- Organic fertilizers come from animal or plant matter and slowly release nutrients, while inorganic fertilizers are chemical products that can be tailored to specific nutrient ratios.
- Soluble fertilizers dissolve in water for fertilization through irrigation, while insoluble granular or slow-release fertilizers are applied directly to soil.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...SRI-Rice, Dept. of Global Development, CALS, Cornell University
Title: Development of integrated rice-azolla-duck-fish farming systems with SRI methods for rice production in the Mekong River region, Vietnam
Presenter: Nghia Nguyen Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture & Applied Biology, Cantho University, Cantho City, Vietnam
Venue: Cornell University
Date: July 1, 2015DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHOROUS IN SOIL
This document discusses methods for determining available phosphorus in soil. There are two main methods - Bray's method for acid soils, which uses ammonium fluoride and hydrochloric acid to extract phosphorus, and Olsen's method for neutral/alkaline soils, which uses sodium bicarbonate. The extracted phosphorus reacts with ammonium molybdate in an acid solution to form a blue complex, the intensity of which can be measured to determine phosphorus concentration. Proper extraction and color development procedures are outlined to accurately quantify available phosphorus in soil samples.
Biofertilizer Production and Application
The document provides a manual on biofertilizer production and application, describing methods to evaluate microbial activity in soils, carriers for biofertilizers, inoculant production for rhizobia and other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and quality control procedures. It was published by the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia to support the development and use of biofertilizers as an environmentally-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers.
BIO FERTILIZER
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are substances containing living microorganisms that promote plant growth when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil. It describes different types of biofertilizers including nitrogen-fixing, compost, and phosphate solubilizing biofertilizers. The document discusses the morphology, physiology, and recommended crops for specific nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Rhizobium, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter. It also outlines the process for making biofertilizers including selecting carrier materials, sterilizing, and inoculating seeds or soil. The advantages and potential of biofertilizers are that they can increase yields while protecting the environment and soil fertility compared to chemical
Total digestive nutrients(TDN)
This slideshow explains about what is TDN Total Digestive Nutrients for fodder management of dairy animals
Importance of food preservation
This document describes importance of food preservation.
It clears basic concepts regarding factors responsible for food spoiling and importance of preserving food products
final presentation Zangos
The document describes research into controlling the reproductive cycle of Azolla filiculoides, a small aquatic fern. Through next-generation sequencing of small RNA libraries from Azolla under different conditions, 15 conserved microRNAs were discovered, including miR156 and miR172. While miR172 was not found, miR156 and miR172 are known to regulate flowering time in plants and their presence in Azolla suggests they may play a role in controlling sporulation. Quantification of small RNA sequencing data found that miR156 and miR172 are present in Azolla.
Mycorrhizal association
Mycorrhizal fungi form mutualistic relationships with the roots of most plant species. They help plants absorb water and mineral nutrients from soil in exchange for carbohydrates. There are two main types of mycorrhizal associations - ectomycorrhizas, which cover tree roots with a sheath and branching structures, and endomycorrhizas, whose thread-like structures penetrate root cells. Mycorrhizal fungi play an important ecological role in nutrient cycling, plant community development, and soil health.
Mycorrhizae SLIDESHARE
This document discusses different types of mycorrhizal associations between fungi and plant roots. The main types discussed are ectomycorrhizae, arbuscular mycorrhizae, orchid mycorrhizae, ericoid mycorrhizae, arbutoid mycorrhizae, and monotropoid mycorrhizae. These associations are typically mutualistic, with fungi helping plants uptake nutrients and water, and plants providing fungi with carbohydrates. Ectomycorrhizal fungi form sheaths around roots and penetrate the cortex, while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form structures called arbuscules and vesicles within root cells.
Mycorrhizae
This document provides information about mycorrhizae, which is a symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots. It defines mycorrhizae and describes the two main types: ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. Ectomycorrhizae are formed between fungi and the roots of about 10% of plant families, mainly woody plants. They involve a fungal sheath surrounding the root. Endomycorrhizae penetrate the root cells and include arbuscular mycorrhizae, the most common type, characterized by structures called arbuscules and vesicles. The relationship benefits both the plant, which receives increased nutrient and water absorption, and the fungus, which receives
Production of Biofertilizers
Certain soil microorganisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen and solubilize phosphates, making them available to plants and important as biofertilizers. Rhizobium bacteria live in root nodules of legumes and fix nitrogen, while phosphate solubilizing microorganisms make insoluble phosphorus soluble for plant uptake. These microorganisms are isolated from soil and grown in culture to produce biofertilizer formulations that can be mixed with seeds or soil to increase crop yields and reduce use of chemical fertilizers. The document describes methods for mass producing, formulating and applying several types of biofertilizers containing nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms.
Biofertilizers-importance and uses
This document discusses biofertilizers, which are microorganisms that help plants grow by increasing nutrient availability. It describes how biofertilizers fix atmospheric nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and produce plant hormones. Specific microorganisms are identified for their roles in nitrogen fixation (rhizobia, cyanobacteria, azospirillum), phosphorus solubilization (pseudomonas, bacillus), and plant growth promotion (pseudomonas). The document concludes that biofertilizers improve soil health and crop yields in a sustainable way without residual effects like chemical fertilizers.
Mango jam preparation
This document provides instructions for making mango jam, including a list of ingredients (mango pulp, sugar, water, citric acid), equipment needed (grinder, knife, pot, bottle, stove, stirrer), and steps for the process. The process involves grinding mango pulp, mixing it with sugar, citric acid and water, cooking the mixture at 102-105 degrees C until it thickens, then allowing it to cool before packing it into bottles.
Building Quality Structures
This presentation throws light on some important facts which should be taken into consideration while building any structure to improve its quality.
Checking of haemoglobin level
This document provides instructions for measuring hemoglobin levels using a hemoglobinometer. It lists the required materials which include 0.1N HCL, distilled water, blood sample, pipette, test tube, hemoglobinometer, dropper, brush, and lancet. It then provides a 9 step process for taking a blood sample from the finger, mixing it with HCL in a test tube, and using the hemoglobinometer and distilled water to match the color and determine the hemoglobin level reading. Finally, it lists precautions such as using a separate lancet for each person and taking the reading in bright light.
Soil testing in Marathi
This is an Marathi PowerPoint which gives information about soil testing in which it explains procedure of testing NPK, Ph, etc....!
Importance of food preservation
This document discusses food preservation. It defines food preservation as a process that prevents food and vegetables from spoiling while also preserving their color, taste, and nutritive values. This allows food products to last for long periods of time and increases their shelf life. Different types of foods like fruits, vegetables, and meat are classified as perishable, while processed foods like cheese and ice cream are semi-perishable and can last up to two months. Shelf-stable foods like grains can last over six months. Food preservation allows people to enjoy different types of foods in any season, eat foods not available in their local area, and easily store food without worry.
Application of fertilizers and calculation of fertilizers dose
This document discusses different methods for applying fertilizers:
Banding involves placing fertilizer in bands below and to the sides of seeds. Sidedressing places fertilizer bands after seedling emergence. Topdressing mixes fertilizer into the top soil layers. Perforating involves placing fertilizer in holes drilled around trees. Broadcasting spreads fertilizer over the entire area. Foliar spraying applies nutrients directly to leaves. Fertigation incorporates soluble fertilizer into irrigation systems. The method used should be practical and cost-effective while ensuring nutrient availability.
Profit and loss
Mr. Patil started a poultry business with 102 birds with an initial investment of Rs. 5,000. In the first month, 7 birds died and expenses totaled Rs. 2,040. With 95 remaining birds averaging 1.8 kg each and selling at Rs. 15/kg, sales totaled Rs. 2,565. By subtracting expenses from sales, Mr. Patil made a profit of Rs. 525 in the first month. In a second scenario where 40 birds died instead of 7, students are assigned to recalculate the profit or loss.
Viewers also liked (20)
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...
1449 - Azolla Rice Duck Fish Farming Systems with SRI Methods in the Mekong R...
Application of fertilizers and calculation of fertilizers dose
Application of fertilizers and calculation of fertilizers dose
More from vigyanashram
Determination age of animal with help of teeth ppt 1
This document discusses determining the age of various animals based on their teeth. It provides a table listing the average age of common animals like cows, goats, sheep, dogs and more. It then explains how to estimate the age of calves and oxen by counting their milk and permanent teeth. Charts are included showing the teeth development and typical number of teeth for cows/oxen and goats at different ages to help estimate their age. Video clips of examining the teeth of oxen, buffaloes, cows and goats are also referenced for demonstration purposes.
Fertilizer types
This document discusses different types of fertilizers:
- Straight fertilizers contain a single nutrient, while mix fertilizers contain two or more nutrients.
- Complete fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while incomplete fertilizers are missing at least one of these primary nutrients.
- Organic fertilizers come from animal or plant matter and slowly release nutrients, while inorganic fertilizers are chemical products that can be tailored to specific nutrient ratios.
- Soluble fertilizers dissolve in water for fertilization through irrigation, while insoluble granular or slow-release fertilizers are applied directly to soil.
Plant nutrients & its role
This document discusses macro and micro nutrients that are important for plant growth. It defines macro nutrients as those needed in large amounts, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. Micro nutrients, also called trace elements, are needed in small amounts and include iron, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and manganese. It provides details on the functions and deficiency symptoms of each of the major macro and micro nutrients.
Plant nutritents
Nutrients reach plant roots through three mechanisms: mass flow with water, diffusion along concentration gradients, and root interception as roots extend. Roots absorb nutrients both passively through membranes or actively through ion-specific carriers. To maintain electrical balance, plants absorb cations and excrete hydrogen ions or produce organic anions, while absorbing anions and excreting bicarbonate ions or compensating cations. Nutrients can also be absorbed through leaves via stomata, allowing rapid uptake to correct deficiencies, though this does not build soil fertility and can cause toxicity.
Polyhouse technology
Polyhouse technology provides controlled growing conditions for fruits, vegetables, and flowers through the use of covered or partially covered structures. This allows year-round production and higher yields compared to traditional farming. Polyhouses protect plants from extreme weather, pests, and diseases while maintaining optimal temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, and light levels. Common polyhouse designs include barrel shaped, ridges and furrows, and saw tooth structures made of frames covered with transparent sheeting materials like polyfilm. Crops grown include vegetables, flowers, and landscaping plants. Adopting polyhouse technology could help boost Indian agricultural production and exports.
Plant propogation
Plant propagation can occur through seeds, cuttings, grafting, or tissue culture. Seeds develop into plants when subjected to the right environmental conditions like soil, water, temperature, and light. Cuttings involve rooting stem or branch cuttings, while grafting combines tissues from similar or dissimilar plants. Tissue culture grows plants from collected plant tissues in a sterile nutrient solution. Sexual propagation uses seeds to create genetically variable offspring, while asexual propagation through cuttings and grafting reproduces plants identical to the parent. Propagation is important for multiplying species, protecting endangered plants, improving plant qualities, and producing commercial crops.
Plant nursery basics
Nurseries are places where plants are grown, nurtured, and sold. There are two main types of nurseries - permanent nurseries that operate continuously and temporary nurseries that operate seasonally. Nurseries can also be classified by the types of plants grown, including fruit plant nurseries, vegetable plant nurseries, flower plant nurseries, and forest plant nurseries where seedlings and grafts of various commercial crops and trees are developed.
Food spoiling
Food spoils due to the presence of microorganisms like bacteria and fungi, as well as enzymes. When bread, chapatis, or other foods are left in open air, microbes like mold or yeast can grow on them. Leaving cooked food in copper pots or milk exposed to air allows bacteria to grow and spoil the food. Various microorganisms, enzymes, insects, worms, and rats can all contribute to food spoilage if the food is not properly preserved.
Food preservation techniques
This document discusses various techniques for food preservation, including thermal processing (e.g. pasteurization), cold processing (e.g. chilling, freezing), controlling water content through dehydration, and using preservatives. Thermal processing involves heating food to temperatures above 82°C to kill microorganisms. Cold processing slows microbial growth by subjecting food to low temperatures around 0°C. Controlling water content through dehydration removes water needed by microorganisms to grow. Preservatives like salt, sugar, and chemicals inhibit microbial growth.
Smokeless Chulha
The document shows pictures of different types of smokeless stoves and asks the reader to choose which stove would be most comfortable for their family based on their needs. It encourages the reader to consider making their own suitable stove if none of the options work for them, as creating a new stove design could help address fuel or pollution problems faced by many people.
Cooking stoves
An improved cookstove that uses less fuel and produces less smoke is described. Traditional stoves use 8 kg of firewood per day and have problems like smoke inhalation, inefficient fuel use, and deforestation. Improved stoves discussed include the Bharatlaxmi fixed single-pot stove, the smokeless chulha with a chimney, and the Laxmi two-pot stove. They use 40-50% less fuel and produce 30-80% less smoke. Adoption challenges and alternative fuels like kerosene and gas are also covered. Exercises calculate fuel cost savings from improved designs and alternative fuels.
Screw
This document describes different types of screws, including their names and uses. It discusses mirror screws, drywall screws, eye screws, lag screws, sheet metal screws, wood screws, hex cap screws, self-drilling screws, self-tapping machine screws, set screws, security head screws, twinfast screws, and deck screws. Each type is specialized for securing or fastening particular materials and structures. The document provides details on features like thread type, head style, and intended applications for each screw variety.
Wedge
Vigyan Ashram is located in Pabal. It is an educational institution that focuses on science and technology. The ashram provides hands-on learning opportunities for students to gain practical skills in areas like agriculture, electronics, and renewable energy.
Wheel
Vigyan Ashram is located in Pabal. It is an educational institution that focuses on science and technology. The ashram provides hands-on learning opportunities for students to gain practical skills in areas like agriculture, electronics, and renewable energy.
Slope
Vigyan Ashram is located in Pabal. The document provides examples of slope by repeating the phrase "Examples of Slope" multiple times without further details. It does not contain enough contextual information to generate a more descriptive 3 sentence summary.
Examples of lever
This document provides examples of lever. A lever is a simple machine consisting of a rigid beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum. Common examples of levers include seesaws, wheelbarrows, scissors, pliers, brooms, and crowbars. Levers multiply force and can help lift or move objects much heavier than a person could otherwise handle.
Principles of simple machine
This document discusses simple machines and their principles. It provides examples of simple machines like bicycles brakes and defines power. Simple machines change the direction or magnitude of force and complex machines are combinations of simple machines. They allow applying force in different spots simultaneously. Reducing friction increases efficiency.
Construction tools
Spirit levels, water tubes, plumb bobs, and string lines are tools used to ensure constructions are level and vertical. A spirit level uses a bubble to indicate if a surface is horizontal. A water tube uses the principle that water remains at the same level to check if all points of a wall are at the same height. A plumb bob is a weighted string that acts as a reference for vertical lines. Masons use string lines pulled taut between two points to lay bricks in a straight line. Trowels are used to spread and shape substances like cement and mortar and to break and smooth bricks.
Preparing brick works
First, finalize the construction place and gather tools like a measuring tape, trowels, and buckets. Second, mix cement, sand, and water together thoroughly. Third, lay bricks according to a video on brick laying techniques and cement them using bonding methods, then sprinkle water on the bricks for several days to cure and increase the concrete strength over time.
More from vigyanashram (20)
Determination age of animal with help of teeth ppt 1
Determination age of animal with help of teeth ppt 1
Recently uploaded
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcSouth African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaPCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Recently uploaded (20)
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...